In October of the fifth year of Taiping, Tuyuhun paid tribute to Liao.

Uighurs and Tuyuhun both paid tribute to Liao, and it was obvious that they had forgotten who was their master. Once the Song Dynasty started a war against Liao, it was difficult to guarantee that they would not cause trouble.

Especially Tuyuhun, also known as Tuhun, Murong family, is the name of the country founded by Murong Tuyuhun, a nomadic nation in the northwest.

Originally a branch of the Murong tribe of the Xianbei in Inner Mongolia, the Tibetan people call it Achai, and it originated from the Xilamulun River in Inner Mongolia.

It was an independent country located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River in the Qilian Mountains and Qinghai from the Western Jin Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, as well as Liangzhou.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the leader Tuyuhun led his troops to move westward to Hexi, Longshang, and established a country. Until his grandson Ye Yan, he first took the ancestor name as his clan name and the country name.

The Southern Dynasty called it the Henan Kingdom, and the Northwest tribes called it the Achai Lu or the Ye Lu.

During the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it controlled Qinghai, Gansu and other places, and had friendly relations with the countries of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

The Sui Dynasty married him, was conquered by the Tang Dynasty, and was granted the title of King of Qinghai, and Murong Nuo was the last king.

In the late Tang Dynasty, Tuyuhun fled to Hedong, which Tang called Tuhun. During the Wuzhou period, Tuyuhun all belonged to Wuzhou.

During the Five Dynasties, the Tuyuhun people in the Hedong region were an important force for the Shatuo people to compete for the Central Plains. In the Later Tang, Later Jin and Later Han regimes, there were some generals from Tuyuhun. Li Jinquan, Li Sien and Murong Yanchao were their representatives.

Due to the fact that they live in a mixed life with the Han people, Khitan, Shatu and other people, Tuyuhun immigrants gradually merged with the people of all ethnic groups. Therefore, there are no records of Tuyuhun tribe activities in the documents after the 11th century.

Now, there is an area south of Tubo, north of Tuyuhun separatist, which is one of the Tubo tribes.

Tuyuhun did not live a good life, but he wanted to pay tribute to the Liao Kingdom. At this time, the Tubo tribes were not unified and were still a mess. Guo Hao really didn't want to lose such a good opportunity!

"Xinjiang, Tibet, and Yunnan are all inseparable parts of China. I, Guo Hao, must be recaptured in this life!"

Due to Guo Hao's restraining methods, Shuofang and Dangxiang in history are now controlled by the Song Dynasty and gradually developed into normal prefectures and counties.

However, at the end of the three places, Liugufan is different. The two places influence each other and gradually tend to merge.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the people's community evolved from Tubo's military slaves, also known as Hunmo and Yumo.

When Tubo sent troops to fight, the wealthy families all brought slaves with the army. These slaves were scattered in scattered farming and herding in wartime. During their long-term war career, the master and servant were lost due to various reasons.

After these slaves got rid of their masters, they gathered together to form a new tribal group, named Yumo, and were scattered in Gan, Su, Liang, Guao, Sha, Kuo, He, Wei, Min, Die and other states.

By the 11th year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, some of the last tribes had already had ten thousand tents and were powerful. A considerable number of them were hidden descendants of the Han people. In the third year of Emperor Xiantong, the people of Yizong paid tribute to the Tang people for the first time.

In the past ten years, a large-scale civilian slave riot broke out across the Tubo area. Under the control of the late people in the Gansu-Qinghai region, some late tribes in Hexi still had certain power during the Five Dynasties.

Liugufan, also known as Liugu Tubo, established his capital in Liangzhou. In the 150th year, it was a regime that fell from the Tang Dynasty to the Western Xia period. It was mainly a tribal group composed of Tubo and Liangzhou people, also known as the "Liugufan Clan" or "Liugufan tribe".

The Tubo regime, which gradually formed in Liangzhou after the collapse of Tubo in 842 AD, was a semi-independent regime that established its capital in Liangzhou in the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty.

In 1004, when Pan Luozhi was preparing to destroy the Western Xia, Li Jiqian's son Li Deming adopted a trick of surrender and sent two leaders to kill Pan Luozhi at a banquet.

In 1015, under Li Deming's continuous attacks, the Song Dynasty still did not send troops. The Liugu Tubo was destroyed, and the leader Si Duo fled to the Jiaosiluo Tubo tribe, which the Song Dynasty should not have been destroyed.

The unrealistic strategy was that the reason why the Song Dynasty did not send troops to help the Liugu Tubo was mainly related to the strategy of Emperor Zhenzong of Song.

Strictly speaking, the fate of his son Zhao Guangyi was already destined. Zhao Guangyi had already developed "fear of Liao" when he was reigned, which made the Western Xia power grow stronger.

After Emperor Zhenzong of Song ascended the throne, he developed the economy internally and maintained a friendly and peaceful manner to treat the northwest border defenses.

Just when Li Deming and the Tubo of Liugu were in a difficult situation, Emperor Zhenzong of Song signed the "Zhenyuan Alliance" with the Liao Kingdom, and continuously enfeoffed the Li regime of the Western Xia Dynasty, and kept writing letters to prevent the Tubo of Liugu and the Uighur forces from fighting each other, which made the Liao Kingdom and the Western Xia Kingdom become increasingly powerful.

Since then, the Song Dynasty has not found a strategic support point to resist the north.

Without military resources, Pan Luozhi could give the Song Dynasty 5,000 horses at one time. The Song Dynasty should know that this was an important source of cavalry development, but Song Zhenzong did not have a long-term strategy. He thought that the Song Dynasty's 800,000 imperial guards were the most powerful, and did not realize the importance of cavalry.

Later, the Jin cavalry made it difficult for the Song Dynasty to resist. The Khitan Liao Kingdom strictly controlled the sale of horses to the Song Dynasty, and the Western Xia cut off the Song Dynasty's contact with the Western Regions. However, Emperor Zhenzong of Song did not realize the danger of military resources being cut off.

Therefore, Guo Hao’s planning for the northwest is not a matter of nothing, and he is willing to let go of it for no reason. He is really planning for the long term and considering future generations!
Chapter completed!