Zhu Qiyu received three auspicious copies in August of the ninth year of Jingtai, and then the Emperor of Ming began to live in seclusion. If the court officials had not been sending the memorials to Nantang Villa, the local officials in Guangzhou even doubted whether the Emperor of Ming had appeared.

Something happened.

The speculation that the funeral was not caused by secretly sending a cart to cool down; the abalone was carried by a stone to disrupt its odor and secretly transporting it back to Beijing also flashed by.

Surrounded by Nantang Bianyuan is the official factory special zone set up in Guangzhou Prefecture. It is all construction sites and is in full swing. Every day, a red-robed eunuch will come to Nantang Iron and Steel Plant to purchase and customize it, and take it back.

A lot of parts.

Of course, Zhu Qiyu was not surprised. He was thinking about how to boil water more efficiently.

The principle of the steam engine is not complicated. It is a reciprocating power machinery that converts the energy of steam into mechanical work. Its structure is not difficult for Zhu Qiyu.

The steam engine includes boilers, gas pipes, speed regulation structures, slide valve air distribution devices, cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, crankshafts, flywheels. These things are very simple for the craftsmen of the Ming Dynasty, especially the great craftsmen of steel.

However, in terms of size and accuracy, Zhu Qiyu had extremely high requirements, and he was slow to advance but firm enough.

On August 15th, it was another Mid-Autumn Festival. Zhu Qiyu, who had been dealing with various machinery for a month, finally put down his work and came to the imperial study room. He was killed in Tumubao during the Mid-Autumn Festival in the 14th year of Zhengtong.

The Ming soldiers lit a stick of incense.

After the three incense sticks were completely burned, Xing'an opened the window to ventilate, and then flipped the spirit card again.

"Even if it is not from scratch, it is still difficult." Zhu Qiyu sat in the imperial study room, and began to write quickly again, modifying his drawings. A large number of drawings were thrown scattered on the table, all of which were before

Trial production of a failed steam engine model.

The most difficult part of a steam engine is about the cylinder piston.

The simplest single-action piston is the Thomas Newco Gate-style steam engine.

Flush steam into the cylinder, which pushes the piston upwards, and then pours water into the cylinder, causing the steam to liquefy quickly to form a vacuum. The piston slides downward and moves back and forth due to atmospheric pressure.

To achieve this, you need to open the throttle valve, close the throttle valve, open the condenser valve to inject water, close the condenser valve, open the water valve to drain water, and open the throttle valve again. A single bar piston like this requires at least three to five.

Personal operation.

While the coal consumption is huge, the efficiency is extremely low. Within one minute, you can only reciprocate twelve times. The speed cannot be controlled and you cannot work for a long time. You need to sprinkle water and cool it continuously to ensure air tightness.

.

This single-action piston steam engine can only be used if it has a coal mine at home, otherwise the consumption of coal will be astronomical.

Eat more than people and dry slower than people. Only coal mine drainage can use this kind of thing, and no one can make it faster.

The job Zhu Qiyu has to do is to add a slide valve air distribution device to the single-moving piston steam engine, inject steam into the head to push the piston, and the connecting rod drives the slide valve air distribution device, and then inject steam from the tail to push the piston.

From single steam to double steam.

After the single-action piston to the double-action piston, a fly ball centrifugal speed regulator is also needed. The faster the flywheel rotates, the faster the flyball rotates, the less air intake, the slower the flywheel rotates, the slower the flyball rotates, and the slower the air intake

The more.

The purpose of this fly ball centrifugal speed regulator is to maintain the rotation speed of the flywheel within a stable range to output normally.

Theory belongs to theory, and practice is practice. If Zhu Qiyu writes down the engineering problems he encountered in the process of practice, it will probably be too numerous to write.

Zhu Qiyu's landing of the steam engine only reached a single-action piston, and even a double-action piston failed to achieve it.

For the Ming Dynasty, lubrication is not a problem, it is an archaeological research.

The craftsmen of the Ming Dynasty and those who had been studying the scriptures and had been searching for the old books from the old pile of papers: Take the utensils and start to yellow and then black, like a paste, burning the most bright, and the paste is

Nothing different. The paste cart and water pestle are very good, and people call it stone paint.

Just say that in Yumen, Gansu, there is something called "stone paint", which is extracted from oil and can be used for mechanical lubrication.

Zhu Qiyu's first problem is the airtightness of the piston. Even if it is a single-moving piston, the inner wall of the cylinder will be pulled into deep grooves by the piston. The piston and piston ring will lose their sealing properties when they rub against the cylinder wall, resulting in the cylinder.

The compression pressure decreases and the power is lost.

To be easy to understand, it is to pull the tank.

Zhu Qiyu tried hard to solve this problem and was solved.

"Your Majesty, is this thing useful? No one has done it quickly yet. Even if someone does it quickly, he doesn't have the ability to do it quickly." Xing'an looked at the discarded drafts on the table and said with a little distress.

Xing'an felt sorry for Your Majesty. He was busy in the capital. He finally came out for a vacation. He started to be busy again halfway through the vacation. His Majesty is thirty years old. If you have this skill, go to the brothel and listen to the music and dance.

How good is resting.

Zhu Qiyu waved his hand, clicked on his own drawing and said, "Xing'an, what's the use of a baby being born?"

"It is not as powerful as animal power, or even as human power, because it is now a baby."

"In the second year of Shaoxing in the early Southern Song Dynasty, Chen Gui stationed in De'an, and Jin soldiers attacked. Chen Gui made twenty bamboo poles and muskets, using giant bamboo as a cylinder, and put Zi Ke in the inner part. After igniting, Zi Ke was fired, like the sound of cannons, and heard a hundred and five times apart.

More than ten steps, the first musket was to scare the horses with sound."

"Does the current hand guns, bird guns, flintlock hand guns, long guns, lifting guns, general cannons, mother-child cannons, black dragon cannons, flowering bullets, still rely on sound?"

"This thing is a great benefit to the Ming Dynasty."

"Do you still remember the water trample that I saw in Guangzhou Prefecture?"

Xing'an hurriedly said, "Remember."

Zhu Qiyu looked at his drawings. This was the first double-moving piston, which is the well-known Watt-improved steam engine. He continued: "Walking on the water wheel is a man stepping on the wheel hub, and there is also a ox cart, where the ox is surrounded by wood.

The pile rotates, and the wooden pile drives the tooth plate, and the tooth plate drives the waterwheel for watering."

"If you use this thing, can you save manpower and animal power?"

Zhu Qiyu has really seen a livestock water truck, which is very useful, but it is a waste cow. A cow can only dry for one and a half hours a day. If it is dry too much, you have to add beans to the forage, otherwise the cow will definitely not do it.

If you refuse to give beans, you will still use a whip to whip them. A buffalo with a bad temper will make a crack in the belly of a person. A scalper with a good temper will kick it and lie on the ground without moving.

Unlike people, they are willing to work overtime before they can satisfy their hunger. The cow must add beans to the forage.

Zhu Qiyu continued to outline his double-action piston steam engine and asked, "Do you still remember the eighty-spinning wheel?"

"Remember." Xing'an grinded again and replied.

Zhu Qiyu drew the drawings stroke by stroke, and said casually: "Songjiang Prefecture is full of cotton fields, and there is no farmland at all, and there are landless farmers everywhere. However, the eighty spinning wheels are not available except for our Songjiang Prefecture Weaving Bureau.

People need to use it.”

"In theory, after the shuttle was available, the efficiency of weaving was greatly improved, and the supply of cotton spinning was in short supply. Is the spinning wheel of 80 spinning wheel faster than the spinning wheel of not a single spinning wheel?"

"Why is no one using it?"

"Because the cost of buying a spinning wheel of 80 ingots is higher than the cost of buying cotton spinning from people's homes, they naturally don't buy it and will not run a workshop to produce it."

"Until the emperor said he wanted to start a supply and marketing official shop and go to the countryside to collect cotton spinning, these luxury households were finally willing to use an eighty-spinned spinning wheel to build a cotton shop."

"The labor cost of the Ming Dynasty is really too low."

Zhu Qiyu talked about a past. When he was in Songjiang Prefecture, Li Binyan talked to His Majesty about the promotion of the 80-spinning wheel.

The cost of building a cotton shop, buying a spinning wheel, and hiring a craftsman is much higher than buying it directly from a cotton farmer.

The cost of labor is too low, which means that everyone often praises the excellent moral character and hard work of the people of the Ming Dynasty.

When I was in school, someone kept saying in Zhu Qiyu's ears that there were several reasons why the Industrial Revolution occurred in central England.

The first reason is that the constitutional monarchy has stabilized the dynasty in England. There has been no war in the past century, providing a stable social environment for the industrial revolution.

However, the stability of the Central Plains dynasty has been for hundreds of years.

The second reason is the land enclosure movement, where landlords obtained a large amount of land, improved production efficiency, and landless farmers transferred to towns, providing conditions for the incubation of the industrial revolution.

For more than 300 years, the two Song dynasties did not set up a land system, and the mergers were not suppressed, and the land was reselled. The people were forced to go to the city to be cattle and horses. There were many farmers who had lost land and had to establish ten households such as the house to distinguish them.

Is there a qualitative leap in productivity in the two Song dynasties?

On the contrary, in the late Song Dynasty, the large amount of land fleeing farmers and the people did not farm, which eventually led to the collapse of the small peasant economy and the commodity economy could not be established.

The third reason is that central England has a large amount of coal resources, and the cost of using machinery is lower than that of human production, which is not available to the Central Plains dynasty, which is deeply rooted in the small peasant economy.

Which one of the Liaodong Factory, Shijing Factory, Jining Factory, Shengzhou Factory, Liuzhi Factory, Jianghuai Factory, Ma'an Factory, Guangzhou Xingning Factory and the Guangping Factory under construction is not rich in coal resources?

Zhu Qiyu has been thinking about this matter, but later found out that he wanted to really carry out the industrial revolution and transform the small peasant economy into a commodity economy.

We must find ways to unite craftsmen and farmers, such as farms and trade unions, and we must organize workers and increase their bargaining power;

Only by then can craftsmen increase their labor remuneration from top to bottom, and only by money can craftsmen create demand and create a market with shortage of supply;

As market demand expands and manual production cannot meet market demand, there will be artificially increasing productivity on a large scale to meet the market, research and development, and use advanced production tools, and productivity will be improved.

Finally, Zhu Qiyu's program and goal were realized: to make the Ming Dynasty great again.

Coal, steel and steam are the foundations of the industrial revolution, but the industrial revolution is not only a change of production tools, but also a social change, ideological change, and lifestyle change.

Zhu Qiyu is committed to improving the productivity of the Ming Dynasty and thus promoting structural social changes.

Between the Shilin, His Majesty the supreme emperor of the Ming Dynasty had a nickname except Emperor Zhenwu, named Blacksmith.

Zhu Qiyu has always been living in simplicity and made a usable steam engine to improve the productivity of the Ming Dynasty.

The blacksmith emperor was scrambling the iron, and what was Li Yimin, the Annan ‘Emperor’ who had been declared war by the Ming Dynasty?

"Hahaha!" Li Yimin laughed loudly, tears of laughter came out. Drinking the iced sour plum soup, looking at the five strong men in front of him, laughing wildly, and her smiling faces were twisted together.

The five strong men in front of Li Yimin were soldiers from the Shenglong Army and the Imperial Guard. These soldiers were definitely good at going to the battlefield, but they all looked painful at this moment.
To be continued...