Chapter 22 New Rice
The owner of the surrounding manor has been eager to change the last time he saw Xu Ping harvesting milime and alfalfa with a harvester. Now that he has come true, he has a burst of marvels and ash. Everyone is excited and wants to buy a few such machines from Xu Ping’s manor to use.
Strictly speaking, what Xu Ping made now is a drying machine, which can only cut the rice and wheat plants down, and needs to be transported back to the wheat field and then threshed and removed, which is considered a piece of harvest. But this is an amazing progress, which can greatly save manpower and improve efficiency when the farmland is busiest.
Seeing that the harvester that Wutou Nian pulled arrived at the ground almost at the same time, Zhang Junping asked Xu Ping: "Little owner, how many acres can you cut rice with cows now? "
Xu Ping had already measured this and replied: "A cow can cut more than two acres in one hour. If you have four rows at a time, you can reach four or five acres."
Zhang Junping nodded: "Two acres per hour are pretty good, and you can harvest ten acres a day. By the way, can a cow be sent to collect four lines at a time?"
Xu Ping said: "This is hard to say. If you want to try it slowly, you may have to wait until next year."
Zhang Junping nodded and did not say anything. Is it two or four acres in one hour? It’s just a change in quantity, and those are all minor details.
In fact, making two rows is the result of Xu Ping's conservatism. After all, it is the first time to strive for stability. According to his previous life, a tractor with a six or seven horsepower tractor can also harvest six rows of corn at a time. The cutting force required for rice is much smaller than that of corn. A cow should be able to carry four rows.
After working for an hour, the five cows collected more than ten acres of land, and a large area was vacant. Xu Ping asked a farmer to pick up the harvester operated by Xu Chang and asked him to direct people to transport the cut rice back to the wheat field.
At this time, the water in the fields had been drained and the ground had dried up. The paddy fields in the north were not like the geology in the south. The upper layer was dry and the bottom was covered with silt. If it was dry here, it would be dry. The ox cart could already enter the ground. Xu Chang directed the farmer to make the rice into bundles and put it on the ox cart and pull it back into the wheat field.
Seeing that the rice that had already been pulled back from several acres of land, Xu Ping asked Zhang Junping and Guo Zi: "Officials, why don't we go back to the village and let the farmers come here by themselves in the fields. It's nothing to see again."
Zhang Junping nodded and agreed, and took someone back to the village with Xu Ping.
There were many people outside the owner of the manor who followed them. There were officials there just now, and they didn't dare to be arrogant, but they couldn't see it from a distance. When Zhang Junping took the people away, they ran into the ground without any restrictions and observed the operation effect of the harvester at close range.
Xu Ping didn't care about them, just returned to the wheat field with Zhang Junping and others.
When we arrived at the wheat farm, the farmer put the rice into bundles and it had already been placed in a large piece. The remaining rice could not be pulled back and had to be dried in the field before pulling it. Now the few acres of land were brought back, just to give everyone a demonstration. Threshing, hulling, rice milling, clearing, and Xu Ping had several machines.
After letting Zhang Junping sit down with a group of officials, Xu Ping stepped forward and commanded the tourists from all over the country to start the next work.
Open the rice bundles, pick relatively dry rice, and thresh them first.
In order to let everyone see clearly, a threshing machine was pulled to the officials, and Xu Chang went up to make the power, and Xu Ping personally fed the rice to thresh.
Xu Ping's human thresher was quite common in rice-producing areas, especially in some inconvenient places in mountainous areas, and many farmers use it. The principle is actually not complicated, it is nothing more than using a bow-tooth comb to remove it. It is amazing that it can remove it again by adding a block of concave plates.
Xu Chang took a breath, kicked up on the machine, and took it to the threshing cylinder to rotate quickly.
Xu Ping said: "Everything is done, don't need to be too fast. The important thing is to be evenly speed, especially don't stop in the middle."
Xu Ping responded, and the threshing machine turned smoothly.
Xu Ping grabbed a handful of rice and reached it onto the threshing roller. The grains were taken off the straw and fell out from the bottom of the threshing machine. A large basket was placed underneath, and the grains fell into it.
The artificial threshers are all threshed, and the quality of threshing is as high as possible, and it is not particularly fast. In fact, the artificial threshers in Xu Ping's previous life were operated by a single person, using pedals as power. When we came to this era, efficiency was not so particular, and the pedals were relatively complicated than this era, so Xu Ping added one person. Even so, it was much simpler than pure manual operation in this era.
Guo Zi has the most experience of this machine and has studied it carefully. Because from the principle point of view, the threshing machine is the most understandable to people of this era. The difficulty lies in the power transmission part, otherwise it might have been invented.
It won’t take a long time, more than a dozen kilograms of millet were accumulated in the basket on the ground. Xu Ping asked the shopkeeper to put it away, and handed over his work to Xu Chang, and then found another shopkeeper to hang out.
When he arrived at Zhang Junping and others, Xu Ping asked, "What do you think of this threshing?"
Zhang Junping nodded: "No, it's much better than slapping with people! By the way, I see that the rice you took off is not very clean. Have you ever thought about how to take it off again?"
Xu Ping was a little embarrassed: "No, this is what our farm is like. There are a lot of cattle and sheep in the farm. The straw is used as feed, and the remaining grains on it are not a waste. Besides, today we are threshing the newly cut rice, which should be much better if it is dried for two days."
Zhang Junping nodded and asked after a while: "It is still difficult to use people to pedal. Can it be connected to the water mill? This saves manpower and can bring many tools at once."
Xu Ping said: "It's OK, but it's not convenient for me to stay in the village."
At this time, hydraulic machinery was already very developed. Large-scale stone mills were used in Beijing and Zhengzhou to grind flour. The imperial court also had special departments to manage them. In particular, the transmission of the water mill had already used gear sets composed of primitive bevel gears and spur gears, which were the most sophisticated machinery in this era except astronomical instruments. As an official in the imperial court, when he needed power, he thought of hydraulic power.
After taking off about 200 kilograms of millet, Xu Ping asked the threshing machine to stop and put it aside, and asked the shopkeeper to carry the rice hunching machine over.
The rice hunching machine further processes the threshed millet and removes the husks to process it into brown rice. According to the structure of the previous life, Xu Ping adopted a double-roll type, with a certain speed difference between the two rollers, imitating the hand-rubbing action to complete the rice hunching operation. Unfortunately, there was no rubber in this era, so it was impossible to make rubber rollers, so he had to use cast iron rollers instead. The cast iron rollers are hard and have no elasticity, and the effect is destined to be much worse. The gap must be large, which can easily cause leakage and easily form broken rice, but there is no way.
Xu Chang and a farmer operated, and another farmer fed the grains into the rice hulling machine.
Looking at the brown rice coming out from under the rice hulling machine, Zhang Junping nodded and said, "This is good, it is much better than pounding rice! Even if you pound it in water, you can't compare to this!"
Guo Zi nodded: "This machine is the most ingenious and is much stronger than the threshing ground! I have only seen pounding rice before, and the little owner of the farm came up with this idea!"
Of course, Xu Ping never expected that he had never planted rice in his previous life, but these machines were all fixed, so he just learned from it and made some changes.
After hulling the rice, use a rice mill to grind it into refined rice. The structure of the rice mill is somewhat similar to that of the rice hulling machine, and the important working part is still the roller. However, the roller of the rice mill must be made of iron rollers, and the effect is better.
After crushing the rice, Xu Chang led a donkey with the farmer, took the grain rig, and removed the mixed rice such as the grinding rice. Only the white rice was left, and all the rice was put into the sack.
Looking at the time, it took only half an hour and nearly two hundred kilograms of fine rice were not prepared, which was much faster than this era of purely using manpower homework.
Zhang Junping and the officials behind him nodded repeatedly. At this time, what the Central Plains lacked most was manpower. With this set of agricultural tools, rice can be grown on a large scale, and the future is unlimited. At this time, the political center of the Song Dynasty was in the Central Plains, including nearly one million troops, and most of them were in the north. The Central Plains were deserted and could not support so many people at all. They all rely on the use of the Bian River to adjust grain from the south of the Yangtze River. If the agriculture in the Central Plains could develop, it would not be a matter of how much grain was produced, but could greatly save manpower and material resources and bring a series of benefits.
The new rice was harvested, and Xu Ping saw that the sun was already west, so he said to Zhang Junping: "This is the first time I have collected new rice in the farm this year. Why not cook it and try it together? See what is the difference between the rice in our Central Plains and the ones transported from Jiangnan?"
This is the last step of the ceremony. After eating new rice, it is considered that rice cultivation is successful here. Everyone should praise it. This depends on the complete equipment on Xupingzhuang. You must know that the emperor will take the ministers to watch the cutting of new grains and cannot let everyone eat new rice.
There was wine in the farm, and a few sheep and a hundred chickens were killed, and the banquet was set up in the wheat field. In fact, Xu Ping wanted to kill a cow to eat. The big cow I bought last year had already taken a few calves, which seemed a bit too much. The court crushed the price of the cows to death, and it was not worth it to sell them. It was better to kill and eat meat than to eat. But he was afraid of the policy of banning the killing of plowing ox at this time, and was afraid of causing unnecessary trouble. After all, Xu Ping did not dare.
After placing the wine and dishes, the cooked new rice was served. Zhang Junping was the first to use chopsticks and symbolically led everyone to eat a few bites, and praised him: "This rice is soft and glutinous, especially better than Jiangnan! Good!"
Everyone applauded.
In fact, the first time I grow rice in the village, there is no selected variety, so how delicious it is? But at this festive time, I would just add a few nice words to the point.
After three rounds of drinking, Zhang Junping asked Xu Ping: "I heard that your family was a winery? Has anyone ever been an official?"
Xu Zheng counted three generations and couldn't count them all. He had never heard of an official in his lifetime. The Xu family had been authentic poor and lower-middle peasants for many generations. It was not until Xu Zheng's generation that he had called the word "poverty".
Xu Ping replied respectfully: "I'll tell me, my ancestors have been farming for generations. Until my father couldn't survive in the countryside, he went to the capital to sell wine. No one has ever been an official."
Zhang Junping said to Xu Ping: "So, are you interested in becoming an official? I see that you are smart and know how to dig ditches and canals at a young age, and know how to manage the fields. You are a rare talent. If you are interested, I will report to the court, add an official position and serve the court, which is also a background!"
Xu Ping was stunned for a moment. If other ordinary people of this era had this opportunity, they would naturally be happy. The times restricted, would they be the best person? Xu Ping did not agree with it. He had seen the small official who was a little official. Li Yonghe was busy and his life was not as good as his family. Not to mention Shi Yannian, if it were not for Zhang Zhibai's appreciation, he would have been more miserable than Li Yonghe before becoming a magistrate.
After hesitating for a while, Xu Ping replied, "Thank you for some appreciation! However, I have been studying with my teacher since I was a child. My family has repeatedly warned me that I am the only one who passes the imperial examination and is born with a Jinshi, so I have to be ashamed of giving me some kindness."
Chapter completed!