50 people cut down the Yizhou inspector! Then he went south, through Mizhou, Haizhou, Chuzhou, Sizhou, Zhenzhou, and to Gaoyou. After a long journey, his rebels finally expanded to reach... more than 200 people! Just a few people were invincible and no one could stop them? The prefectures and county governments either surrendered or fled, especially Mr. Chao Zhong, the commander of Gaoyou, was the most funny. He did not run away, but posted a notice calling on the residents to take out cattle, sheep, gold and silk to go out of the city to welcome the heroes into the city. In this situation, Wang Lun felt that the time was ripe. He put on a yellow robe in Gaoyou, announced his title of emperor, and even the year name was decided.

Wang Lun was caught in July and escorted the capital to behead him. On the same month as he died, a second mutiny broke out in southern Shaanxi. The leader was Zhang Hai and Guo Miaoshan. The two people had much more work than Wang Lun. First of all, there were more people, and at first there were only a few dozen people, but they grew rapidly, and it expanded to thousands in about a month. There were constant hungry people, rebels, prisoners and professional bandits. Such combat power was amazing, and the regular army in the northwest could not resist it! The senior officials of the Song Dynasty were shocked first, and then they were glad. It was so lucky! These people did not appear when they were slapping Li Yuanhao. Due to regional sensitivity, the Song Dynasty sent the highest-level combat power. Han Qi quickly left Beijing and went to southern Shaanxi to lead the most elite Western army to suppress the rebellion! The faster the demand, the better, and no delay was allowed! Han Qi lived up to his hopes and wiped out the rebels in one fell swoop in half a month...

On July 4, Xia Xu issued a verdict to Bozhou. On the 11th, Wang Juzheng, the deputy governor of the magistrate, was dismissed. On the 12th, the court proposed to consider Fan Zhongyan and Fu Bi as the chief of the magistrate, but they were rejected. On the 19th, the deputy envoy of the Privy Councilor of Zhongsi was appointed as the envoy of the Hedong Xuanfu, and Fan Zhongyan was the envoy of Shaanxi Xuanfu.

More than four years later, Li Yuanhao's envoy returned to Kaifeng again... It has been 4 years, how many people died and how much money and food have been spent, everything finally has hope to end...

But the issue of principle cannot be compromised. The prime minister of the Song Dynasty held many meetings and finally made up his mind to reject Li Yuanhao: The reputation is not right, and everything is free of negotiation!

As a result, on July 20, the title was finally "right". Li Yuanhao sent Lu You as he decided, and Shao Liangzuo sent a letter of nationality again. The conditions this time were much more detailed: requiring an increase in annual gifts, cede land, lifting the salt ban, and reopening the deliberation... a total of 11 clauses.

Especially when the name at the beginning changed, and there was no son or father again, Li Yuanhao directly called himself "My ancestor". Note that it was not Wu Zu, because you Song people would not understand it, so he came up with a direct Chinese transliteration "My ancestor"

I am your grandfather... Damn it! Is there any other explanation for these two words? As soon as this letter of nationality appeared, the Song Dynasty was immediately in anger. The censors jumped out first. Cai Xiang was furious: If they agreed, they called themselves "my ancestors" when they wrote the letter in the future. When we replied to the edict, we also called them "my ancestors". What has our great Song Dynasty become? Is it tolerable? I will never agree!

From this, the two factions of the court, the ruling and war began to split again. The leaders of the peace were Yan Shu, Fan Zhongyan and others. They believed that Li Yuanhao and the party members were not moral and shameless, and they would not be able to change for a while. They would always be wrong. Even if they are obedient now, they will definitely change in the future... This is very accurate, and they will indeed change continuously in the future, and have been changing for more than 100 years...

The pro-war faction was headed by Han Qi. To be precise, he was the only one among the senior officials of the two prefectures, Han Qi was angry and firmly disagreed with the peace talks. No matter who persuaded him, it was impossible! As a last resort, Yan Shu threw the hedgehog to the emperor: Your Majesty, we all agreed, only Han Qi opposed it. You can do it!

The emperor called Han Qi to ask: Why? Han Qi expressed his opinion: The reason why he thinks that Li Yuanhao will definitely surrender and will not rebel again in the future is because the Khitan side has stabilized. Liao and us become allies again, and they will restrain Li Yuanhao. But one thing: if Liao can let Li Yuanhao stop the army, he will naturally let him raise his troops. At that time, what should we do? Think about why Liao and us have formed another alliance with us? Is it friendship from all generations? Or the pressure from Fu Bi and the Song Dynasty? It is obvious that it is the latter. If we agree to Li Yuanhao's peace talks on humiliating conditions, Liao will definitely weigh our weight again! The country of tigers and wolves cannot be measured by benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and trustworthiness. We must always be sober! So peace talks are certain, but not now!

No one can refute such a reason, so the matter was delayed. After a few months, the envoy of the Western Xia was really impatient: You should argue first, and notify me when there is a letter... The envoy of the Western Xia returned to China. The Western Front then entered a state of pulling the sheepskin...

On the 25th, Li Yuanhao sent an envoy to Liao and asked Yelu Zongzhen to raise troops to attack Song, but Zongzhen refused to obey.

On August 7, Yelu Hongji (the future Liao Daozong) was granted the title of King of Yanzhao, the Shangshu Ling, and was in charge of the two Privy Councils of the North and South.

With the transfer of positions of Fan Zhongyan and Fu Bi on the 13th, the Song Dynasty finally determined the list of senior officials in the two prefectures for the third time this year: Prime Minister Zhang Dexiang, Yan Shu, Deputy Chief Political Affairs Jia Changchao, Fan Zhongyan, Privy Councilor Du Yan, and Deputy Privy Councilor Ren Zhongsi (defuged on September 11), Han Qi and Fu Bi.

On the 19th, Han Qi was appointed as the capital of Fan Zhongyan and served as the Shaanxi Xuanfu Envoy. Ren Zhongsi, the Hedong Xuanfu Envoy, was still unsuccessful.

Under such circumstances, the history of the Song Dynasty ushered in a classic moment: September 3, 1043, this moment was not only the midpoint of the Renzong Dynasty (Song Renzong had ascended the throne at this time, and 19 and a half years before his death), and he relaxed his vision, but also knew that this moment was also the midpoint of the history of the Northern Song Dynasty: At this time, more than 83 years had passed since the Chenqiao mutiny of Zhao Kuangyin and the founding of the Song Dynasty, and the shame of Jingkang, the two emperors Beizhou had only more than 83 years left...

Song Renzong summoned the ministers of the two prefectures and officials above the censor into the Tianzhang Pavilion in the palace. First, the emperor led the emperor to visit the statues of the three emperors, Taizu, Taizong and Zhenzong, and then came to the desk, and had already prepared pens, ink, paper and inkstones on the table: Everyone has some understanding of the current situation of the country, and now write down the problems you see and solutions to the problems to revitalize the country!

On that day, Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi and others were in a state of great mood, and they wrote their own opinions either on the spot or after returning home to ponder. Historical records left behind Fan Zhongyan's famous memorial "Answer the Handwritten Edict and the Ten Things" he detailed the problems and reform methods in 10 aspects: clarifying promotion and demotion, suppressing luck, selecting tribute, selecting superiors, all public land, conserving agriculture and sericulture, cultivating military preparations, reducing corvee labor, trusting gratitude, and emphasizing orders.

These 10 aspects have 30 words in total, which looks boring, but has a rich connotation. Let’s analyze them one by one:

1. The promotion and demotion of the Ming Dynasty. This article talks about changing the most important promotion system for officials in the Song Dynasty. "Solution and Investigation System" means that civil officials once every three years and military officials once every five years. The political achievements can be submitted to the examination institute for review. If there is no major mistake, they can be promoted to the next level. This system was created by Zhao Zhen's father Zhao Heng. It deactivates officials. It assesses not who is excellent, but who makes any mistakes. So everyone avoids making mistakes, and if they are right, they can be promoted. Who dares to do things like this?

Therefore, the first thing Fan Zhongyan wants to change is it! Innovate from the spirit of officials' work and mobilize enthusiasm from the reward and punishment regulations. The specific method is to combine the sponsorship system of Taizu and Taizong dynasty with the survey system of Zhenzong dynasty. To examine the pros and cons of an official, it is not only to see whether he makes a mistake, but also to his achievements. This achievement is determined by the prime minister and Privy Council. At the same time, it is stipulated that those who are recommended to be officials will be surveyed every three years, and those who apply to be officials will be surveyed every five years. This is aimed at the children of wealthy officials, and these people have a way to suppress them! Also, to improve the punishment regulations: In the past, they could be promoted as long as they did not make mistakes, and now don't think about it. Incompetence is wrong! Anyone who is incompetent in the future... don't be afraid, it is not dismissal, but another arrangement is made.

2. Reluctant to luck: That is the grace of the great and generous Emperor Zhenzong. Since he started, the officials of the Song Dynasty were eagerly looking forward to the year-end ceremony for the sacrifices of heaven in the southern suburbs and the emperor’s birthday. In those two days, from the ministers of the two governments to officials above the prison, they could apply to the court: Please be kind to my sons and nephews. From then on, these second generations of officials have officially become officials. The system of grace also has a strong hierarchy concept. As for the censors, each person can be kind to the capital official every year; the Shaoqing Supervisor can be one person full of the test title; the other can be kind to one person as a Zhailang. Fan Zhongyan calculated: One Hanlin

Bachelor, who passed the imperial examination at a young age, entered the two-system high school students in their 30s, only promoted but not lowered. What is the difficulty of being a 20-year-old official career? In this way, more than 20 second-generation ancestors who entered the officialdom without undergoing scientific examinations! What will the officialdom of the Song Dynasty look like in the long run? So we need to change! In the future, the civil servants in the border defense must serve for more than 2 years before they can be given a request for Enyin. The two governments and the two-system high-ranking officials will only be allowed one son at the ceremony every year, and they must be their own son, not even nephews. Moreover, the important position of the cabinet and the children of high-ranking officials will not be allowed to enter easily from now on. Not only will the exam be taken, but also the sponsorship must be required!

3. The tribute examination: The talents of the Song Dynasty came from the imperial examination. The imperial examination depends on the examination questions. The examination questions determine what talents usually learn. Countless students are reciting Confucian classics and learning to write poems and songs. Such "talents" can be said to be well-informed in governing the country. They are nothing more than clichés such as benevolence, resting with the people, and working diligently and loving the people. To put it bluntly, they are memorizing the quotations of Confucius and Mencius. They have no practical value in resisting the Khitan, Dangxiang, and how to produce wealth for the country.

To change, we must change the education system! We must "teach economic careers and take economic talents" and "first test policy theory and then test poetry and essays, and do not exaggerate and pretend to be the ministers." There is another detail: the system of closure is abolished! In the future, the test papers must reveal the candidate's real name. Reason? If you can't see the name, you will lose the original intention of recommending talents in the village. Who will choose talents for the court in the future? As for cheating, what are you examiners doing? What does the Supervisory Court and Kaifeng Prefecture do? As long as you observe carefully and deal with it hard, you will definitely be able to stop the unhealthy trends!

4. Choosing a superior: It means selecting qualified local officials. Fan Zhongyan’s method is to select 10 road-level cadres from top to bottom, the two prefectures will recommend 10 road-level cadres, the road transfer envoy will recommend 10 magistrates from Dazhou, and the magistrates will recommend 10 magistrates from the magistrates, and the recommendations will be linked together. This is the person you choose?

5. Public land: In order to make officials honest, they gave them land, but problems arise at the same time. The land is of different quality. Who do you give to give to whom? Also: Isn’t it normal for the official land to occupy several acres and hectares of acres? So a dispute arose, officials fight against the people, and officials fight against the officials, which made Liu E in the Tiansheng period angry, and the public land was cancelled. Now Fan Zhongyan suggests restoration, how to eliminate the injustice? Please refer to the previous article, everything will be fine if the officials are cured.

6. To strengthen agriculture and serenity, 8. Reduce labor service: These two are the affairs of farmers, but at the same time, the government has greater responsibility. As we all know, we are a major agricultural country, especially in ancient times, the national tax revenue was almost obtained from the land, that is, farmers feed everyone, but by the Renzong period, the farmers could not survive. The specific situation is "the rice seedlings were not established and the mulberry leaves were not spit out and bought" and the rice were bought. This is the special term used by the government to collect grain and silk and hemp utensils from the people, and it reached the level mentioned above, which is to advance payment in advance, eat the grain of Yin and Mao, and farmers have to pay taxes for many years in advance.

Where did the money and goods paid? It is very simple. The ever-expanding army, the growing army of officials, the "gifts" to the Khitan and Dangxiang, and the temples built by gods and Buddhas at all levels, as well as the living expenses of monks and Taoists... are not all useful for the national economy and people's livelihood. Therefore, it is necessary to change, but if it is changed, it will touch the most sensitive nerve of the country - to save money, who do you want to save? Army, officials, Liao Kingdom, Dangxiang or gods? Anyone who moves is a big deal! So how to make farmers concentrate on farming, the country needs rewards, and even less trouble, giving farmers time to work.

9 Qin Enxin (the court's amnesty order must be strictly implemented) 10 orders (the court must unify the laws of various places) These two items are speechless. People have no faith and do not know what they can do. This is the minimum principle of being a human being. What about a country? They actually say one thing in the morning and one thing in the evening, and change the orders every day, and there is no punishment! This is not the country's laws, but the children playing house? What should I do? One word: punishment! There is no other way.

To sum up, the problem is very serious, and the solution is very simple. To put it bluntly, Fan Zhongyan’s plan is to use the “responsibility system and punishment system” to tie officials up layers of layers, and then set up some punishment systems that were not previously unsuccessful so that officials can understand something... That’s all, whether it works? Is there anything more inappropriate than the original system? This can only be seen in future practice. What can be confirmed at this time is that the punishment is not a question of whether it is heavy enough, but a question of whether there is any strength!

There are no specific terms for punishment at all. How can you scare the person who commits the crime?

Now, the 7th and the most important one: to cultivate military preparations. This article is said to be the problem that Fan Zhongyan has the most say and must be a matter of contentment, because he has just returned from the battlefield. The border defense problem of the Song Dynasty was so serious that it could not be more serious. If the Liao Kingdom did not say it, the Western Xia also began to compete with the Song Dynasty. This was a disaster that could never happen in Taizu Taizong, and even the Zhenzong Dynasty. How to solve it? First, we must analyze the problem? Fan Zhongyan began to summarize two points from actual combat: 1 The imperial guards were crowded in the capital and were sent to the frontier only if they had any trouble. This lost precious time in emergency response speed. 2 Raising soldiers in the capital and sending troops, then there was never enough food and salary on the frontier. Whether it resisted or entered the hinterland of the enemy, they had to transport food for thousands of miles. This was actually an important reason for the numerous defeats of the Song army before. So we need to change! How to change?

Fan Zhongyan suggested recruiting 50,000 militias near the capital and sending them to the frontier for permanent resident. Farming three seasons a year, training one quarter a year, and self-sufficient. This will help solve all the previous problems. Is this good? What I can tell you is: this article has caused a great uproar in the Song Dynasty and the people of the Song Dynasty since its publication. Everyone unanimously agreed: If this is done, the Song Dynasty will be in disarray and will soon be in chaos.
Chapter completed!