Khwarezm is a region name, which is equivalent to the concept of the Chinese saying that the Jianghuai region and the Central Plains region. Its exact location is near the northern city of Urgenchi in later Turkmenistan. This city is called Yulong Chijie in ancient Chinese classics.⊙,

This country has existed for a long time in history, but most of the time it was dependent on the surrounding great powers, a bit like the Goryeo in East Asia. Whoever is strong will follow him as his younger brother. It was not until the end of the Seljuk Empire that it suddenly rose up due to the endless wars between the Western Liao Kingdom and the Seljuk Empire.

The disintegration of the Seljuk Empire was somewhat like a later battle, and was caused by a young assassin. At that time, there was a small Shiite country called Mushuyi in the Elpur Mountains in the northern part of the Iranian Plateau.

This country has a small land area and is not very rich. In order to fight against the surrounding big countries, castles were built in the mountains and rely on natural dangers to defend themselves. Their king was called "old people in the mountains" by outsiders. Here we should pay attention to a concept. The elderly people in the mountains are not only one person, but a group of people. All kings who are thrust into the wood have this nickname.

Mutuyi is very poor. Do you think, the mountainous areas in northern Iran are also poor now. Can they be rich hundreds of years ago? But the poorer people want to make money. What should I earn? It is definitely not possible to do business, there is no specialty; there is no chance to plunder in wars, and it is okay to rely on the mountains to defend, and send troops to war is a dream, and a small country does not have so many troops.

Finally, the Muzhayi people came up with a way to make money, which is to be an assassin for others. As long as you give money, you will kill anyone you want to kill. These Muzhayi assassins are not only agile, but also very loyal to the king, because this country is a regime that combines politics and religion. Once Allah blesses you, they will not be afraid of death. They are very similar to those black widows and outlaws in Chechnya in later generations.

In 1092, the last caliph of the Seljuk Empire, Maliksha, had a conflict with the prime minister of the current dynasty. After a few months, the important minister of the two dynasties was stabbed to death by a young man from Muts, causing chaos within the empire. Many people speculated that the assassin was hired by Maliksha for money from Muts. What's even more unlucky is that Maliksha also died within two months, and there are many different opinions on how he died.

Since Maliksha had no heirs before his death, in fact, most Islamic countries did not have the habit of designating heirs, because the Prophets had never designated heirs, and the caliphs were selected. Now the Seljuk Empire was in chaos. Without a legal successor, it means that many people have the opportunity to be this caliph. So what are you waiting for? Put your arms and sleeves on. If you have any connections, hurry up and build up momentum. If you don’t have any connections, hurry up and train your own army, but you can’t beat you!

The result was that the huge Seljuk Empire fell apart in an instant, and Maliksha's four sons and those who thought they had the opportunity to be elected the Caliph began a chaotic war, turning the empire into a mess.

As the saying goes, blessings are neither equal to disasters nor singleness. But at this time, the first crusade of the Crusaders came again, and Syria was the first to be affected. Originally, Syria was a small Seljuk country with strong strength. But now it has been trapped in a warlord melee and was wiped out by the Crusaders one by one.

At this time, Khwarezm began to unable to help it, and it seemed to be rising. Just when the power of the Seljuk Empire wanted to destroy this little country, big trouble appeared in the east again, and a country called Xi Liao came.

This Western Liao was the remnant of the Liao Kingdom defeated by the Jin Kingdom. He was led by Yelu Dashi, the eighth-generation grandson of the Liao Taizu Yelu Abaoji, and ran to the border of the Seljuk Empire. When the Seljuk Empire gathered troops to fight the Western Liao Kingdom, it was defeated by the Western Liao army and chased the butt and rushed to the vicinity of Afghanistan. At this time, the Khwarezm began to play old tricks again. He quickly surrendered to the new powerful Khan of the Western Liao Kingdom and agreed to pay 30,000 dinars a year.

But soon after, Yelu Dashi died of illness. His son was too young. The queen was regent. He stopped moving westward and began to close the door to cultivate and rest. At this time, the Khwarezmian Kingdom could not help it and began to slowly erode the Seljuk tribes around it. If you take a bite today and eat a piece tomorrow, your own strength will become stronger and stronger.

I endured it for more than a hundred years. Finally, I exhausted the Seljuk Empire and the Western Liao Empire. At the beginning of the 13th century, I finally showed my anger, swept away the remaining Seljuk Empire's forces, and defeated the Western Liao Empire, which had exhausted its vitality due to the fierce internal forces struggle, and established a huge Caliph Empire, Khwarezm.

If Hong Tao had not traveled through time, then the newly formed empire would not be destroyed by another more powerful new force, the Mongol Empire. In fact, before the Battle of the Three Kingdoms, whether it was Genghis Khan's personal expedition or the eldest son's expedition launched by Ogedei Khan later, they defeated the Khwarezm country very much, and even the capital was lost. The remnants of the forces were hiding in the Mesopotamia Basin of Iraq and some parts of Western Iran.

But Khwarezm is like Goryeo. Every time, it can be resurrected from a dying state. Once the Mongolian army withdraws, they will make a comeback and rob the occupied land back. In addition to the places occupied by the Khanate in the north, they dare not go to the entire Iranian plateau, including Afghanistan, Pakistan and part of India, they have become their territory again. And this time they don’t have to worry too much about the Mongolian army’s expeditions to the west again. The news of the internal chaos in the Mongolian Empire not only knew about the Southern Song Dynasty and Hong Tao, but also spread in Central Asia.

From this point of view, in the era at that time, the combat effectiveness of the Eastern army was significantly higher than that of Central Asia, the Middle East and the West. The remnants of the Liao Kingdom, who were beaten to flee everywhere in the East, were invincible in Central Asia, and when the Mongol Empire's army passed, they would be even less of them. This was mainly due to the different population size at that time, and after the war of tens of thousands and tens of thousands of troops, the East Asian army had a great psychological advantage in the military, and was also more skilled in tactical and strategic.

However, once countries like the Mongolian Empire that expanded rapidly by plunder stopped expanding, the conflicts accumulated before would immediately break out. This chaos would be cheaper than the Khwarezmian country. They could not defeat the Mongolian army, but they still had an advantage in dealing with other countries in this area, which had a lot to do with the composition and structure of their country.

Generally speaking, there are three major forces in Khwarezm, one is the Turks, or the Master of Ser, and the Turkmen are also the Turkmen. These people are relatively strong, the main military force of the country, and they proclaim themselves as Sudans and rule the entire country.

Some of them were Persians. They could not defeat the Turks in war, but they were no match for the Turks. So the Persians were in charge of the administration of the country, including taxation. However, this right was not born, but contracted by the Sultan to them. They were equivalent to tax-protecting groups, and they also had a name called Vizier, which roughly means equivalent to the prime minister.

In fact, the Chinese should not be too unfamiliar with this thing. During the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongolians adopted such a policy. They asked the Seme people to take charge of the economy. These Seme people were the Vizier group. They were not Jews, not Arabs, but Persians.

The remaining part is the Arabs, who are not in charge of military power or internal affairs, and they are in charge of religion, which is the spiritual belief of this country.

Generally speaking, Khwarezm is a country that commands the party with guns. Although it is also a Muslim, it has too many ethnic groups in China, covering almost all ethnic groups in Central Asia, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe, and its centripetal force is insufficient. Bullying is enough to be weak. When encountering tough guys like the Western Liao and Mongolian troops, they will have no power to fight back.

That is, due to the large number of ethnic groups, the religious rules of Khwarezm are not as strict as those on the Arabian Peninsula. Many people have different living habits and their original beliefs are also different. Most of them convert later, and they are not so pure in fundamentally.

First of all, I don’t want to drink here, but it’s not like it’s not like it’s not like it’s not like it, but many people will close the door and drink secretly after they go home.

Secondly, the rich people here all have the custom of raising female slaves, that is, the famous Persian dancers or belly dancers, which all have the same meaning.

Another thing is the diversity of clothing. Here we do not have unified white and black robes, but all kinds of wear. What ethnicity is often distinguished from the clothing.

Finally, there is the race. Before Hong Tao's ship entered the port, he had already seen several different faces with a telescope. Some were more like East Asians, some were Indians, some were tightly dressed Arabs, and whites with blue eyes, yellow hair and black eyes, brown haired Southern Europeans. They were simply hodgepodges.

"This is a city suitable for people to live in, and it is somewhat humane." Looking at the messy port area, Hong Tao was happy. Since the beginning of this voyage, he has been in a strong religious atmosphere, monotonous and boring. Now he has finally seen the ordinary people, and he, the fighter jet among ordinary people, is naturally happy.

Without Said and Alin, Hong Tao was still not worried. The maritime merchants thought more thoughtfully than him. Each merchant ship had at least one general translator who was familiar with Arabic. Most of them were young people from Kalamba Port and attended the Chinese school founded by Yu Bojiao. They were very proficient in Chinese and Arabic, but they were not as good as Said and Alin in Arabic culture and history. But this doesn't matter. Hong Tao didn't plan to go ashore. As long as the maritime merchants can sell the goods smoothly, it would be enough.
Chapter completed!