On June 19, Guanghua, the third midterm election for the Chinese Empire's Congress officially came to an end in the 10,000-person auditorium of the Empire Capitol.

The Minsheng Party won 6,324 seats in the House of Representatives, and 233 seats in the Senate became the largest party in Congress again. The Democratic Party and the Democratic Party won the second and third largest party.[..com]

Zhang Feng continued to serve as the Chief Minister of the Cabinet. Other cabinet members changed slightly, but there was little change.

The Congress was originally a place where Wang Chenhao imitated Louis XIV to ban officials from previous dynasty, but after the deaths of veteran figures such as Senators Liu Kunyi, Li Hongzhang, and Zhang Zhidong, other former dynasty veterans in the Congress saw that Wang Chenhao was firmly on the throne day by day, and they had no hope of turning the tables. Therefore, they either retired and returned home or chose to be loyal to the Chinese Empire to join the three major parties to seek another background. The Congress also became clear.

The three major parties of the empire and dozens of other large and small parties competed in the administrative regions of various provinces across the country. Among them, members of the Minsheng Party won the provincial parliamentary elections in 28 provinces across the country, and the other provinces were obtained by the Minsheng Party, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. Their first gained parliamentary control of a province, and the Republican leader Kang Youwei was elected as the governor of the foreign province.

The process of democracy in the Chinese Empire was very fast, thanks to the enlightened political system and efficient and strict supervision system of the Chinese Empire.

The Chinese Empire implemented a policy of high salaries to maintain integrity, which greatly curbed the situation of government officials. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Supreme Procuratorate and the ICAC had punished a total of 32,415 corrupt officials and dereliction of duty. The highest level was the former Senator of the Congress, the former Governor of Fujian and Xi, and the amount of crime was as high as 30 million dragon coins. By the seventh year of Guanghua, a total of 9 corrupt officials were punished in the first half of the year, and 245 dereliction of duty were handled. The highest level was Chen Keqing, director of the Finance Department of Dengzhou Prefecture, Shandong Province. The 20,000 dragon coins were not explained. The source of the property of 20,000 dragon coins could not be explained (the income from the amount of more than 200 dragon coins per year could not be explained, so it was listed as embezzled by the ICAC).

The government is clear and honest in politics, and has made great contributions to the imperial people. At the same time, the imperial government cracked down on all forms of criminal activities. Various criminal cases occurred in the first year of Guanghua 6

There were more than 10,000 cases, 420,000 civil cases, and the processing efficiency was only less than 11%. By the seventh year of Guanghua, the incidence of various cases was significantly reduced. In the first half of the year, there were 5,400 criminal cases and 130,000 civil cases, and the processing completion rate had reached 80%.

In a poll conducted by the Empire Central Daily News, the People's Republic of China showed that the people were full of confidence in the imperial government and their support for the Minsheng Party's cabinet reached 82%.

The political openness of the Chinese Empire, the people's words and freedom, and the people's comments and accusations of the government became the best way to promote the continuous improvement of the imperial government.

However, the high level of political openness has also caused some hostile forces to continue to create trouble in China, incite public opinion, and discredit the image of the government.

In response, the Chinese Empire government resolutely cracked down on this. Among them, the CIA and the Homeland Security Bureau have done a great job in this regard, arresting tens of thousands of hostile elements at home and abroad.

Among them, the most serious infiltration of China were the Japanese spies. Because the two countries have the same ethnicity and similar cultures, some Japanese spies who have undergone special training have infiltrated into China before the Sino-Japanese War, and some even entered China from their grandfathers and implemented long-term strategic lurking.

The Japanese government's spies are mainly special high-level courses, and civil spy agencies are especially the Black Dragon Society and the Ronin Society. These spies use the Japanese Consulate in China as a cover to steal intelligence everywhere.

The CIA and the Homeland Security Bureau destroyed their sites many times in the confrontation with Japanese spies, but Japanese spies always had the opportunity to take advantage of them. Not long after, another group of them appeared, and it seemed that they could not catch and kill them.

In order to further eliminate foreign spies' infiltration into China, starting from August 1907, the Chinese Empire began to rectify the chaotic household registration system left over from the Qing Dynasty and implement a new household registration and resident ID card system.

All parts of the country have strictly inspected everyone, requiring that the certificates of less than three generations be presented, the certificates of urban neighbors, and the certificates of rural areas be presented separately for those who cannot provide these certificates. Only after confirming that they are not spies can they take the government agency personnel examination.

After a series of preventive measures, the number of spies in the empire has dropped significantly and has greatly reduced.

The scope of activities of foreign spies in China, especially several spy organizations in Japan, were hit hard.

On October 13, 1907, Mieko, the agent of the Shanghai Branch of the Japanese Special High School, was arrested in China. He used the American ship designer Lin Fanfu to steal technical drawings of the King Zhou of Shang battleship of the Chinese Empire Navy.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Chinese Empire immediately met with the Japanese ambassador to China, and took this opportunity to get angry with Japan, accusing Japan of stealing the intelligence of the Chinese Empire of Navy to develop the navy and seriously threatening the security of the Chinese Empire. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Chinese Consulate in China was a spy intelligence station and demanded that Congress legislate to expel some suspicious personnel in the Japanese embassy. At the same time, the Chinese Empire demanded the military development report of Japan and Japan, requiring the military expenditure of the Japanese navy and the army to be transparent.

The Japanese government faced strong diplomatic pressure from the Chinese Empire. The Japanese Nishiyuanji Gongwang Cabinet was afraid of the military power of the Chinese Empire and was forced to give in. According to the requirements of the Chinese Empire's Homeland Security Bureau, the Japanese embassy in Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang and Wuhan was revoked, and only one embassy in Beijing was retained. The embassy staff was reduced from 55 to 12. Except for the two diplomats, there were only ten bodyguards left. All the laborers were assigned by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Chinese Empire, making it difficult for the Japanese embassy to engage in espionage activities under the eyes of the Chinese people in the future.

At the same time, in order to avoid being listed as a hostile country by the Chinese Empire and avoid being given an excuse to impose military, economic and political sanctions by the Chinese Empire, Nishiyuanji Gongwang was forced to disclose the military expenditure project and military development plan for Japan's 2007 year.

The humbleness of the Nishiyuanji Gongwang cabinet led to the information of the Japanese military being known to the Chinese Empire, which was a huge threat to the development of Japanese military power. The Japanese military expenses and expenses had no secrets to the Chinese Emperor's side, which was a huge threat to the security and defense of Japanese.

When the Nishiyuanji official looked at the weakness of the cabinet, he immediately aroused the anger of the Japanese people.

In November 1907, Nishizoji Kou could not withstand the domestic political pressure and was forced to resign. Subsequently, the Japanese Emperor appointed Kashitaro as prime minister. This was the second time that Kashitaro formed a cabinet as an unjust person. On the one hand, Kashitaro could appease the Chinese Empire's concerns about the constitutional friendly association of the previous Nishizokoji Kouu, and on the other hand, Kashitaro's cabinet without political parties could also balance the confrontation between the left and right wing groups in Japan.

The primary goal of Katsura's cabinet is to develop the economy, expand cooperation with the United States to achieve economic strength, and then develop military strength with the Chinese Empire.

Katsura's wish is good, but the Japanese military will not be so honest about reporting the real military expenditure items to the Japanese cabinet, so it also concealed the Chinese imperial side.

The Japanese Navy is vigorously building a submarine project. Since submarine replacement is asymmetric combat advantage in future naval battles, the Japanese Navy's submarine faction has the upper hand and defeated the giant ship and cannon faction, thus allowing the Japanese Navy to approve the vigorous development of Japanese submarines.

〖Japanese Navy knew that the Chinese Empire's navy won two large-scale naval battles with submarine attacks, so the Japanese Navy did a very detailed job of keeping submarines confidential. Even if the intelligence power of the Chinese Empire was strong, it only knew the tip of its iceberg.

Long before Japan realized the huge role of submarines during the Sino-Russian War, some officers of the Japanese Navy had actively introduced submarine technology from European and American countries. However, at that time, the Japanese Navy did not pay attention to submarines just like the Qing government built submarines just for fun.

After the Sino-Russian War, Japan discovered the asymmetric combat capability of submarines, so it purchased the "Holan" submarine from the Chinese Empire. On the other hand, at the Hansuoshiro Kawasaki Shipyard, an adjutant of the Japanese Navy, Lieutenant Colonel Kenji, who obtained two design blueprints for the "Holan" submarine from the Chinese Empire.

So, Kawasaki Shipyard began to build the "Holland" class improved submarine based on these two design blueprints.

The Holland submarine obtained by Japan is actually a reduced export version of the Chinese Empire's Xia-class submarine. Although the Chinese Empire restricted the export of submarines and other submarine equipment and technologies that did not have real combat effectiveness, it was still a treasure for the Japanese Navy.

Generally speaking, improved submarines often increase the displacement and main scale based on the prototype submarine. However, the Japanese Navy's "Holan" type improved submarine of the Chinese Empire is just the opposite, with its displacement and main scale much smaller than that of the prototype submarine. In order to increase the combat activity radius of the "Holan" improved submarine, according to the original idea of ​​the Japanese Navy, it was to use large motherships to carry the "Holan" improved submarine to the combat waters.

Therefore, the first-made submarine, the No. 6 submarine, the first-made submarine of Holland, is much smaller than the No. 7 submarine of this class, was named by the Japanese Navy, and is only slightly larger than the No. 6 submarine, with a displacement of 87t

95t, the main scale is

233m.

The standard gasoline engine equipped on the improved submarine of Holland has low operation reliability. When the boat submersible to the depth of the Hongde Design Submarine, the bow and stern ends of the hull have a considerable deformation, so the submarine depth of the boat is limited to a depth of 20m. In addition, the boat also has many problems in overall energy.

On April 5, 1904, during the submarine No. 6, during the submarine test in the waters near Hiroshima in Japan, seawater poured into the boat from the snorkel on the boat, causing the boat to sink, and all old crew members, including the captain, were killed. Later, the boat was salvaged out of the water and repaired, and then served in the Japanese Navy again.

After the Japanese Navy failed to improve the Holland submarine, it continued to import submarines from abroad. At this time, the Chinese Empire had relaxed the submarine export levels and exported merchant-class and week-class submarines to European and American countries. Japan also imported a batch of "simplified" commercial-class and week-class submarines from the Chinese Empire, and found some technical supplements from the UK and the United States.

During the practice, Japan finally found that its country did not have enough strength in designing and building submarines. Therefore, Japan decided to continue to purchase submarines directly from abroad. Meiji 37, 1904), Japan decided to purchase five c1-class submarines from the UK. The c1-class submarines were submarines designed by the British Vickers Shipbuilding Company based on the Chinese Imperial Commercial-class submarines. At that time, according to the contract signed by Japan and the British Vickers Company, the first batch of 2 submarines purchased from the company were 2.

After the submarine was completed in the UK, the first two submarines were called C1 submarines. The second batch of submarines only purchased various equipment on the boat, while the construction of hulls and the installation of equipment was carried out in Japan. The second batch of submarines was called C2 submarines.

The displacement of the C1-class submarine is about three times that of the original "Holland" submarine. The lightning launch tube has also increased to 2, and the boat is also equipped with two periscopes. The boat is equipped with horizontal rudders and rudders. The underwater maneuvering ability is significantly improved and the surface and underwater endurance have been greatly increased. In terms of overall energy, the C1-class submarine has made considerable improvements compared to the Holland submarine.

In the Meiji Wu Year (1905), Vickers Shipbuilding Company built two submarines of the C1 class and handed over to the Japanese Navy. In April of the same year, the two submarines of the C1 class were organized into the 2nd submarine squadron by the Japanese Navy, and the two submarines were named No. 8 and No. 9 respectively. Since then, the Japanese Navy has submarines that can truly participate in actual combat.

The Japanese Navy purchased important equipment such as mainframes, periscopes, gyroscopes, etc. on the C-class submarines, and the hull and weapons and equipment on the boat were made by Japan. At that time, the Japanese was responsible for the construction of three C2 submarines.

In fact, during the construction of the C2 submarine, Japan made several modifications to the original British C-class submarine design. Therefore, there are some differences between the C2 submarine and the C1 submarine. The superstructure of the C2 submarine is much longer than the C1 submarine and extends forward to the bow of the boat, which can improve the resistance of the C2 submarine when sailing on the water surface.

Oxing energy. In addition, the size of the podium has also been greatly increased.

In fact, in terms of talents, because the education reform was much more thorough than the reforms in the Qing Dynasty, Japan did not lag much behind the Chinese Empire in terms of talents. At the same time, the economic support from the United States and the technical assistance from the United Kingdom made the Japanese Navy avoid many detours.

Shortly after the Japanese Navy purchased the C-class submarine from the UK, Japan was still keen on the test, intending to design and build a completely domestic submarine with a displacement of roughly the same as the C-class submarine, and compare the energy efficiency of these two submarines. Since the design and construction mission of the Japanese submarines was undertaken by the Japanese Kawasaki Shipyard, this type of submarine was named the "Kawasaki" class submarine.

The Kawasaki-class submarine was the first submarine designed and built by Japan alone. The boat was equipped with a standard gasoline engine made in the United States, with high power and low mass. Due to the continuous failure of the host during the trial operation on land, the time for the host to be loaded at the Kawasaki Shipyard in Japan was delayed a lot, which eventually led to a serious delay in the completion date of the boat. The Kawasaki-class submarine officially started construction in 1905 and was completed in June 1906 after one and a half years. After the ship was delivered to the Japanese Navy, its speed did not meet the design indicators during its actual operation, which was lower than the speed of the C-class submarine, and its maximum surface speed could only reach 10kn.

In general, the "Kawasaki" class submarine is an example of failure in design and construction. The main reason is that the main engine selection of this class submarine is improper.

The failure of the design and construction of the Kawasaki-class submarine was a heavy blow to Japan's determination to rely on its own strength to design and build a submarine. Therefore, in addition to ordering two test submarines built by France at that time, the Japanese Navy maintained a wait-and-see attitude towards the development trends and trends of submarines in other countries around the world.

However, during the Sino-British War in 1906, the Eastern Han-class submarines of the Imperial Chinese Navy were active in major seas in the world. The military potential of submarines in naval warfare was recognized by countries around the world and attracted the attention of countries around the world.

So the Japanese navy sent spies to the Chinese Empire at all costs and spent huge sums of money to carry a batch of key submarine equipment from the Chinese Empire. Britain's anger at the Chinese Empire led the British navy to transfer all its advanced submarine achievements to Japan, and the United States' fear of the Chinese Empire also caused the US Navy to transfer their most advanced submarine technology to Japan. Therefore, three-pronged approaches, the Japanese navy finally obtained the technology and equipment that could be comparable to the Eastern Han-class submarine of the Chinese Empire.

〖Japan Navy quickly understood these technologies with its own talent reserves and imported them.

Based on the class submarine, it is improved and designed and perfected, and uses the Japanese own technology to build a new submarine. This new submarine is a C3-class submarine.

The displacement of the c3-class submarine is (surface, underwater) 290t

323t: Main scale

Main unit: 1 Vickers gasoline engine, single propulsion shaft: power (surface, underwater) 600 horsepower

300 horsepower: speed (water surface, underwater fuel load capacity: gasoline endurance: at 12kn speed, endurance is 660nmile: at 4kn speed, endurance is 60nmile: 2 450mm bow torpedo tubes, 2 torpedo tubes in the superstructure

Equipment, loaded with 4 torpedoes: Number of safe submarine depth crews: 30.

The main feature of the C3-class submarine is that its attack capability has been strengthened. The number of torpedo tubes on the C3-class submarine is doubled compared with the C1 and C2-class submarines. On the C3-class submarine, the bow of the boat is equipped with two torpedo tubes, and in the superstructure, two external torpedo tubes are equipped with.

Judging from the latest submarine technology level in the world, the Japanese Navy's C3-class submarines are no longer behind Britain, France, Germany and the United States. However, compared with the most advanced submarine technology of the Chinese Empire, the world's submarine powerhouse, the Japanese C3-class submarine still seems to be relatively backward.

However, the C3-class submarines already have combat capabilities. The Japanese Navy then built the C3-class submarine on a large scale, planning to build six submarines, deployed around the Japanese and Japanese waters to prevent the Chinese Empire Navy.!
Chapter completed!