Chapter 473 Second Artillery
The German Navy laid off more than 800,000 naval tons, mainly focusing on old battleships, battle cruisers, and armored cruisers. They were basically old ships that had been in service for more than ten years, and the main force of the German high seas fleet was not affected. However, the German super battleship under construction was forced to stop work. First, the German navy had no money to build, and second, the navy's total tonnage limit. If it was necessary to build, it would have to dismantle five large-scale active battleships that had not been in service for a few years. Obviously, it was not cost-effective. Therefore, the German Navy had to give up and dismantle the super battleships under construction in the four docks.
The French and Italian navies had no worries about this. Their naval gross tonnage was only 450,000 tons and 350,000 tons. France and Italy had no money to participate in a large-scale naval arms race before the war, and even had no money to build super warships after the war. Most of the naval warships of the two countries reached the age of retirement, so there was no difficulty in laying down.
Among them, the Italian Navy reduced its cut to 250,000 tons, and retained a quota of 100,000 tons for future construction of new warships. France cut it extremely hard, cutting 700,000 tons at once, leaving only a few main ships that were barely included in the ranks of super god bows. The total tonnage of the entire French Navy was less than 150,000 tons, leaving 300,000 tons of future development space.
After countries reached an agreement on the total naval tonnage, the number of main battleships, tonnage and main gun caliber also made key regulations.
Since the Chinese Empire Navy had the largest number of main ships, the tonnage and main gun caliber were the largest, and the Chinese Empire had a very tough position on this issue, the standard could only be used as a reference for the current main ships of the Chinese Empire.
After a series of games, the five permanent members reached an agreement to stipulate that the maximum tonnage of the single ship of the main ship of each country shall not exceed 60,000 tons, and the caliber of the main gun shall not exceed 18 inches. The current main ships in service in each country shall be retained if they exceed this standard, but the service time shall not exceed ten years. They shall be retired and dismantled thereafter. If the warships under construction exceed this standard, if the construction progress exceeds two-thirds, they shall be completed. Otherwise, they will be dismantled on site.
According to the agreement, ten years later, the Imperial Navy's main battleships shall not exceed 16, the Royal British Navy's main battleships shall not exceed 8, the German High Seas Fleet's main battleships shall not exceed 6, and the French Navy's main battleships shall not exceed 5. The Italian Navy's main battleships shall not exceed 4.
According to the content of the treaty, the Imperial Chinese Navy retained 36 main battleships. There was no extra displacement for ten years to build new main battleships. The British Navy could build four main battleships, the German Navy could also not build new main battleships within ten years, and the French Navy could build two more 40,000-ton main battleships. The Italian Navy could build two more 30,000-ton main battleships.
In terms of aircraft carriers, since the main battleship of the Imperial Chinese Navy is equipped with a powerful air defense dense array system and the Chinese ASUS air defense cruiser equipped by the Shanghai Fleet, the fleet's air defense capabilities have been proven to be very effective in the Sino-US war. Therefore, the giant ship cannonism is still strong. The naval executives of the other four permanent members continue to pursue the theory of Mahan's giant ship cannon victory, so the aircraft carrier was not included in the scope of the main ship and limited it.
It can be said that the emergence of the ASCHEU air defense cruiser and Vulcan dense array system of the Imperial Navy has continued the view of the global naval giant ship cannon theory. It has caused the navies of European and American countries to continue to pay attention to the winning theory of giant ship cannon theory and ignore the huge role of aircraft carriers for a long time in the future, so that they regret it when the next war comes.
The five permanent members signed the Treaty of Restricting the Navy. Although the treaty has considerable limitations, the treaty has a validity period of fifteen years. Together with the Treaty of Restricting the Armies and Air Force, it is collectively known as the Five-Nation Convention. The Convention officially came into force on January 1, 1919 and lasted until January 1, 1933. As an agreement between the five powerful countries after World War I, the Convention failed to resolve the fundamental contradictions between the countries, but it guaranteed that there would be no large-scale wars in the world within fifteen years, making great contributions to world peace.
After the five-nation convention was officially signed, governments of various countries successively issued announcements on reducing military expenditures. In accordance with the provisions of the convention, all parties have successively launched schedules of disarmament plans under the supervision of the League of Nations inspectors.
Of course, no countries will completely reduce military spending and disarmament in accordance with the contents of the five-nation conventions, which contain a lot of water and tricks.
For the Chinese Empire, the signing of the Five-Nation Convention was just to send a signal of love for peace, allowing people from all over the world to recognize the rise of the Chinese Empire and to be able to calmly accept the international core leadership of the Chinese Empire in future international affairs.
It can be said that the Chinese Empire's ratification of the Five-Nation Convention was a political strategy and seized the moral commanding heights of the "World Peace Ambassador". For the Chinese Empire, the large-scale disarmament of the navy, army, air and other armies was very painful. Although the disarmament did not affect the status of the Chinese Empire as the world's largest military power, the fifteen-year world military holiday affected the group of warlike middle and senior officers who wanted to be a group of warlike middle and senior officers, which made them quite irritable without a war.
After the Chinese Empire Congress approved the five-nation convention, the Ministry of Finance of the Cabinet immediately reduced the military's expenditure, and the previous expenditure of hundreds of millions of dragon coins was reduced to less than 100 million, and it was cut by two-thirds. However, at the suggestion of the imperial emperor Chenhao, the Ministry of Finance specially allocated a huge amount of up to 500 million dragon coins to improve military welfare. The General Staff Department used part of the funds to develop and test new weapons and equipment, and all weapons and equipment of the army, navy and air force were involved.
At the same time, the General Staff responded to the instructions of Emperor Chenhao of the Empire and established a strategic force, named the Second Artillery. The Second Artillery is a ** group of troops, with a status equivalent to the three armies of the Navy, Army and Air Force, and is directly dispatched by the Ministry of National Defense.
The first weapon equipped by the second artillery was the Thor 3 long-range cannon developed by Rosenberg. The first two models of the cannon were pure artillery structures and fired large-caliber long-range shells. Later, under the guidance of Wang Chenhao, Rosenberg imitated the rockets mounted on the Imperial Air Force Hellfire fighter and the individual rocket weapons equipped by the Army for development, and finally developed the Thor 3 weapon system that fired large-caliber rockets.
The Chinese Emperor's side named it a long-range rocket launcher. Considering the confidentiality issue, it claimed to be a long-range cannon.
In fact, the Thor 3 rocket launcher developed by Rosenberg is an upgraded version of the individual rocket launcher. The rocket launcher carried by individual soldiers has a short range and a small power. Rosenberg installed the rocket generation system on the truck. Through an I-shaped launcher, four 250mm rockets can be mounted at one time, with a range of 50 kilometers, and its destructive power is amazing.
The development of rocket launchers was proposed by Wang Chenhao. According to Wang Chenhao's "strategic guidance", Rosenberg finally got out of the misunderstanding that long-range artillery has no practical value and moved to rocket development.
If an ordinary gun wants to achieve a caliber of more than 200mm, the weight of the barrel and other mechanism will be very large, basically exceeding the ability of a general towing vehicle. It must take a long time to prepare before firing, which is very inconvenient. Each launch takes one minute to prepare for the second launch, and it is of little practical value. If it is loaded with mechanical loading, the volume and weight will be even greater.
Therefore, a rocket launcher was developed. The barrel did not withstand the explosive force of gunpowder. It was just a directional mechanism. It could be made very light and had no recoil absorbing device because the shells flew out by themselves and had no recoil. In this way, many shells could be fired in an instant, and they were light in weight. They could be installed directly on the truck, and they could be made very large and flew far.
However, rocket launchers also have disadvantages. One disadvantage is that their accuracy is not high. The rockets fly longer than shells and are more affected by the wind. The other is that they are very expensive. After all, a round of ammunition is a rocket, which is expensive, so they must be used in conjunction with ordinary artillery.
But compared with the advantages of rocket launchers, the problem of high cost is not a problem, because rockets can fire multiple at one time, with the advantages of fast firing speed, high strike surface and amazing lethality. Similarly, producing an artillery that can fire 250mm shells is more expensive, so rocket launchers weapons are relatively worth the money.
After discussing the performance and practical value of the Thor 3 rocket launcher, the General Staff of the Empire of China immediately approved the General Equipment Department to purchase it. The General Equipment Department purchased 1,000 sets of Thor 3 rocket launcher systems at one time, using special trucks produced by China Automobile Company as the territory, which greatly enhanced the maneuverability of the Thor 3 rocket launcher and could follow the armored troops to fight and provide them with powerful firepower support.
After the establishment of the Second Artillery, since there were no missile weapons that Wang Chenhao hoped, Wang Chenhao used the Thunder Rocket Launch as the first main combat weapon of the Second Artillery.
As a strategic force, the Second Artillery was originally going to enter the main military bases of the major military regions of the Chinese Empire to serve as defense tasks, but considering the issue of military secrets, the Second Artillery was eventually restricted to the Beiyuan base and was responsible for the task of protecting the security of the Gyeonggi.
In Wang Chenhao's view, since the rocket launcher weapon has been successfully developed, it is not far from the missile weapon. For this reason, Wang Chenhao summoned Rosenberg and the weapons experts from the Beiyang Weapon Laboratory many times to discuss, and specially allocated funds to establish a missile research room. Rosenberg served as the commander-in-chief and led 150 scientists and weapons experts from related fields to study missile weapons together.
Of course, Wang Chenhao also told them that the difference between rockets and missiles is mainly the problem of guidance. In this regard, Tesla and Marconi have absolute say. The remote control system and radio system they studied are the key to guidance, so they also participated in the plan.
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Chapter completed!