Chapter 1750 Queen of Hell (21)

When Isaac Allerton resigned from his fur-selling company in Plymouth in 1630, he left others a financial mess.

The first passenger on the Mayflower and the fifth person to sign the Mayflower Compact did not use the proceeds from the sale of furs to repay and bear the expenses of the colony. Instead, he chose

A path that satisfies self-interest.

When he supplied goods to contractors, he charged high prices. Not only did he make false accounts, but there were also some unexplainable expenses and expenses. He almost squandered all the profits from the sale of furs, and the contractor's debts more than doubled.

The entire colony was kept in the dark by him.

After Allerton left, the contractors hired new accountants to oversee every transaction. They were desperate to improve their fortunes, as the French invasion in the north and Dutch competition to the southwest had cut off competition.

Their continued access to high-quality beaver pelts.

The sixth commandment of Moses stipulates that you are not allowed to kill, let alone kill for beavers, but if people knew how profitable the fur trade was, those who condemned it might not think so. One person uses 13 gallons

The corn seeds cost 6 shillings and 8 pence. He exchanged the harvested crops for beaver pelts worth 327 pounds from the Indians, with a profit margin of nearly 1,000%.

British merchants could trade common European commodities at trading points, such as cloth, kettles, beads, mirrors, axes, pots, etc., in exchange for furs that were highly valuable in Europe. In order to compete with the British for supply, the French attracted Indians.

They use gunpowder and guns, and are willing to travel long distances in search of furs.

Sometimes the French will live together with the Indians, and even intermarry. In short, it is as if they belong to the same nation. This makes the French more favored by the Indians than the British. Many British are worried that they will continue to uphold the opposite.

Perceptions will be squeezed out of the deal.

Of course, the French have done bad things. They would bring a lot of wine when giving gifts to the Indians, and the Indians would always welcome wine.

They drink just to get drunk, and initially they believe that drinking is a potential way to reach a higher spiritual level, which is equivalent to "ritually stimulating a trance state, pursuing a vision or exploring external sources of spiritual power."

", is the pursuit of supernatural powers. Later, as the scale of the fur trade increased, more and more Indians no longer drank alcohol in search of supernatural powers. In order to prevent them from harming themselves, their wives would

The guns, pointed spears, bows and arrows, axes, and even the knives hanging around their necks were taken away, and then they would take their children and hide in the forest far away, and then the men could start to enjoy the wonderful life.

Drinking time is likely to result in a fight, injury or even death.

Not all Indians were unaware of the dangers caused by alcohol. In order to avoid disasters, they hoped that the Europeans would stop selling spirits to the warriors.

But such pleas had no effect. Spirits became a perfect commodity in the fur trade. They were cheap, easy to transport, and drunken Indians were more likely to accept favorable terms for European traders. Loans and land exchanges

The phenomenon became part of the exchange process. Before the start of the winter hunting season, fur traders would advance large quantities of goods to the Indians, on the condition that they would be repaid in the form of furs after the hunting season. In order to ensure that the debt could be repaid, the fur trade

The traders would require the Indians to hand over their land as collateral. Although many Indians who owed money would eventually refuse to acknowledge such transactions and establish loan relationships with other fur traders, some Indians actually handed over their land.

The Dutch had no intention of colonizing North America from the beginning. They only set up some trading points. The British cut down trees and destroyed the habitat of fur animals. Originally, due to over-hunting, local fur animals became scarce and the environment was destroyed.

The damage was even more difficult to recover from. The Indians were already very dependent on European goods. In order to exchange for these goods, they had to go to more inaccessible forests or even move westward. The Europeans entertained the Indians with wine.

Coax them to exchange skins for wine. After the Indians drink up the wine, the debt will still exist, and then they will enter the cycle again. Many Indians who owe money will eventually refuse to recognize such a transaction and establish new ones with other fur traders.

loan relationship, but some Indians actually delivered their land. Still the same, the Dutch did not intend to colonize North America at the beginning, the French were more popular with the Indians, and the British who liked to use "conspiracies" to interact with the Indians

Gradually, hostile relations arose, and few of the British could penetrate the Indian tribal trade as deeply as the Dutch "forest smugglers". This resulted in the British in Plymouth being double squeezed by the French in the north and their New England compatriots in the southwest.

As a result, many of the goods destined for the Plymouth Fur Trading Post ended up in New England.

When Plymouth's luck in furs ran out, the fur trade in other parts of New England became more and more prosperous due to market demand. The increase in the colonial population increased the local demand for beaver fur hats. Wearing furs was still a social distinction in Europe.

An important symbol of class. Because of New England's anti-sumptuary laws, wearing silk is the privilege of women whose husbands earn more than 200 pounds. Ordinary women are not allowed to wear silk, but fur is not within the restriction. Both men and women actually have their own preferences for new clothes.

This desire, which also led to a shortage of furs, eventually led to New England enacting a law in 1634 banning the purchase and wearing of beaver fur hats.

Some people also used guns and gunpowder to carry out fixed exchanges. This not only changed the way Indians hunted, but also became a key factor in determining the balance of power among tribes. An Indian warrior could hold a wooden barrel on his head and swim in the water.

Snorkeling for 45 minutes, there are many fur trading points located along the river.

John Alden had been arrested as early as 1634. At that time, he was the Sheriff of Plymouth, a captain and a merchant, and often traveled between Plymouth and Boston. In April of that year, a man named

John Hocking, an English settler from Piscataway, sailed up the Kennebec River with a few men in a boat, intending to cross the trading post at Plymouth and buy the skins of the Indians before they could get there down the river.

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When Hawking met the group of Indians, the leader of the trade, John Howland, told him that all the furs in the area belonged to the Plymouth Colony and asked Hawking and his travelers to leave peacefully. There was a dispute between the two parties.

It was John Hawking who pulled out the pistol first. He pressed it against the temple of one of Howland's men named Moses Talbot. Howland shouted, "Don't shoot. If you want to shoot, come at me. Talbot."

Bert was just following my orders."

However, Hawking ignored Howland and shot Talbot to death. Just when Hawking was about to shoot again, a friend of Talbot shot Hawking to death. Hawking's men, who had lost their leader, quickly returned to their homeland.

After they returned to the Piscataway settlement, they described Hawking as the victim rather than the instigator of the conflict, and that he was killed "for no reason." This story caused a stir in Massachusetts Bay.

The people were outraged, and one of Hawking's relatives asked Governor Winthrop to bring the murderer to justice.

Winthrop did not arrest Howland and other related persons. Instead, he arrested John Alden, who was trading on the Kennebec River in Boston at the time of the incident. Although he was not involved in the shooting incident, who made him Plymouth?

As a peace officer, he is obliged to accept inquiries and explain the situation.

The people of Plymouth were furious at what their "neighbors" had done. Massachusetts Bay, which had no jurisdiction over Plymouth, imprisoned a member of their group and forced him to testify in court.

Standish, who had just taken over the Plymouth fur trade three years earlier, had tried to persuade the Massachusetts Bay Colony to support them in organizing an attack on the French to recapture the Perobscot River trading point.

The Massachusetts settlers approved of the Plymouth people's retaliatory actions, but they did not provide any help. The Plymouth people had to rely on themselves to defeat the French.

That expedition was a complete disaster. The French were able to build strong barriers. Mr. Girling, who was in charge of the command, abandoned the agreed-upon strategy, which was to negotiate with the French and mobilize them to lay down their weapons to avoid head-on confrontation with heavily armed opponents.

.Originally, the French were able to occupy the settlement because their ship leaked and docked accidentally. The British who were responsible for guarding went to Plymouth for supplies, so the trading point was empty. They occupied the trading point without any blood.

However, Green fired like crazy from a long distance away. The shell was of no use when it hit the French fortifications. When his ship reached a place with sufficient shooting range, there were no more shells. Green turned his head and let go.

Standish went to find more shells and gunpowder to continue the attack.

Standish found ammunition for Greene, and then took the beaver skins on Greene's boat back to Plymouth. Greene's attack plan did not work, so he did not harass the French any more, nor did he go to Plymouth to ask for reward.

Standish once again tried to persuade the Massachusetts Bay Colony to support their organization. For special reasons in 1630, Massachusetts received a one-year charter from the royal family, allowing them to engage in the fur trade. The Massachusetts people also tasted the benefits of the fur trade.

How could a bloody wolf make them spit out the meat? New England also hopes that it can share this "divine grace of success". John Winthrop, the governor of Massachusetts Bay, complained with strong commercial jealousy.

Said that Plymouth occupied all the major trading points in New England, namely the Kennebec River, Penobscot River, Narragansett and Connecticut, so if the Massachusetts Bay Colony could find a source of furs before Plymouth could

They will definitely not let go of the opportunity.

In fact, as soon as the Plymouth settlers were driven out of the Penobscot River settlement, Massachusetts Bay immediately started doing business with the French. This behavior attracted strong condemnation from the Plymouth people.

The Penobscot shooting was no longer a dispute over the Maine fur trade. When Standish promised the governor of Massachusetts that John Alden would be released on condition that he appear in court to answer the charges, Piscataway's

The owners, Lord Sey and Sir Brooke, also sent a letter to the then Governor of Plymouth, Thomas Prince, saying, "Because of Hawking's death, we have every reason to send a warship to pick up your ship on the Kennebec River."

The house was razed to the ground, but we preferred to settle it by other means, and summoned representatives from the settlements of Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, and Piscataway to try the case."

On the day of the rally, however, Piscataway had not sent a representative, so Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay officials thoroughly debated the "sequence of events," ultimately concluding that Hawking had violated the rights of the Plymouth Colony and should be held responsible for the event.

Although his actions are regrettable, the murderer's actions are forgivable.

The Hawking Time and the French occupation of the Penobscot River trading point further stimulated the Massachusetts Bay people's interest in the fur trade in Maine, and also highlighted the weakness and inability of the Plymouth Colony to protect its own interests in the region. Finally,

As a result, British traders from Massachusetts Bay to other coastal areas squeezed the Plymouth fur traders out of the market. By the end of the 1930s, there were no Plymouth traders in Maine.

In the late 1920s, when New Amsterdam and Plymouth still maintained cautious and friendly relations, the Dutch once mentioned to the British a wonderful place, the Connecticut River Valley, which was the territory of the Wasinacat people. They proposed to Massachusetts and Plymouth

At the same time, they made an invitation. If the British settled in the Connecticut River Valley, the Wasinacats were willing to trade furs with them. In return, the settlers would join them in fighting the Pequots.

The Massachusetts people declined the invitation, but the Plymouth people were moved, especially since they had recently learned that Allerton had betrayed their trust, so they were eager to expand the scale of the fur trade. In 1632, the Plymouth people sent former Governor Wince

Lopp inspected it, and when he came back he reported that it was a good place, and from then on the Plymouth people made a series of fur trading attempts there.

Whatever the purpose of the Dutch in allowing the Plymouth people to settle there in the first place, by 1633 the Dutch had regarded the valley as their own backyard and the English as potential invaders.

The 17th century was the century of the Netherlands, and Britain had not yet achieved the position of maritime hegemony. When Winthrop took the "Gulf Grace" warship to Amsterdam and showed the British King's charter to the Dutch, the British King had already

The Connecticut River and the surrounding area were granted to the British subjects, and the Dutch should stop building any facilities here.

The Dutch governor was so polite that he sent Winthrop and his warships away. Two days after they returned to Boston, Winthrop received a letter from the Dutch governor suggesting that the dispute between Massachusetts and Plymouth should be left to the British king.

Negotiate with the Dutch Parliament about the border between the two sides, and that place happened to be the main battlefield of King Philip's War more than 40 years later. A stream in the Connecticut River was dyed red with blood, and was named "Blood Creek".

During the Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692, John Alden was arrested again, this time accused of selling arms during the war and putting his own career ahead of public affairs.

Plymouth and Massachusetts are both subjects of the United Kingdom of Great Britain. At the end of King Philip's War, the head of Chief Metacomet, King Philip, was still on display in Plymouth for a period of time, and the people of Plymouth also contributed. John Alden

Having never been to Salem, the witchcraft accusations against him were made by a girl who claimed his ghost had hurt them with a sword, which even the Dutch found hilarious. Reverend George Burroughs was killed by Abigail

Hobbes's stepmother Tilly Ferron accused Burroughs of being an important figure in Casco Bay. If it weren't for the withdrawal of Massachusetts troops, Casco would not be burned to the ground. In addition, the civilians in York County were kidnapped precisely because of Austria.

Erden had experience in trading with the Wabanaki, and the Wabanaki agreed to talk to him about exchanging prisoners. The captives themselves were unwilling to return to Massachusetts, but rumors spread that he would rather deal in arms than

Redeeming captives.

In the eyes of ordinary New Englanders, Indians are devils, savages, and skinners. Who wants to associate with them?

As always, societies are resilient in times of upheaval, and it was women who built a fort across the river to protect Boston during King Philip's War when Indian raids devastated the town. When an Indian appeared at the door, the perceptive Dorches

The special maid had hid the children under the copper cauldron and then threw shovels of burning coals into his face. When Indian raiders murdered Hannah Dustin's newborn in front of her

She then hacked them to death with an Indian tomahawk and scalped them while escaping, at least according to Cotton Mather.

On April 22, 1692, Tilly France said that a black ghost had descended on the village and that he had murdered several women, including Father Rosen's children and wife, as well as some border guards, and also murdered Pa.

Rhys's niece cast the spell.

Little Ann Putnam said that the priest might be a wizard because he could shape-shift but never change. Moreover, this person might not only be a wizard, but he was superior to a witch. On April 30, the court issued an arrest warrant to arrest George.

Burroughs.
To be continued...