Chapter 1946 Horn of Plenty (Part 2)

The New Year of the French Republic begins in the Portuguese month, which happens to be the season when grapes are ripe.

People look forward to a good harvest more than the Julian calendar. Before the invention of the Julian calendar, the Romans used a monthly calendar. In such a calendar system, there are 355 days in the year and 377 days in the leap year. On average, there are 366 days and a quarter per year.

sky.

Originally, this calendar was designed to comply with the movement of the sun, but since the addition of leap months was decided by the Roman priests, when wars or other religious activities were abandoned, there would be a long period of time when a year could not be declared as a leap year.

In this way, the calendar would greatly deviate from the movement of the sun. At the same time, due to the underdeveloped information at that time, residents living far away from the city-state sometimes could not even understand the leap year announcements issued by the priests, which often resulted in many people being ignorant of the date.

This situation became quite serious during Caesar's reign, so Caesar decided to carry out calendar reform to integrate the calendar with the movement of the sun and not be affected by war, religion or other man-made factors.

November 1st is still late autumn, although it feels like the middle of winter, as if this is how the underworld should be.

Napoleoni accidentally learned about the god Dis. Later, he mentioned the Gallic Wars and Caesar, and she understood.

Halloween is supposed to be so chaotic and crazy, so people have to set up fires, find a little light in the darkness, and use light to dispel the chaos and terror brought by the darkness. It is precisely because of this that when she heard that the church

She didn't feel disgusted when the choir sang.

The library in Rouen is right next to the art museum, or to be precise, it is right next to the art museum. There is a square in front of the library. There are two almost symmetrical churches on both sides of the square. The singing of the choir comes from the church on the north.

When we came out, the church to the south was empty, with no one around, and it looked abandoned.

She didn't stop for long. When it comes to historical records about the "Dark Middle Ages", where else can there be more historical records than the church?

Compared with the National Library of France, the Rouen Library is much smaller, and its exquisiteness is not as good as the St. Mark's Library in Venice. Georgiana once had the idea of ​​​​going to the library of the University of Rouen to have a look.

However, universities generally don't keep things like county chronicles. Brittany is the main place where Viking pirates and the Hundred Years' War between England and France took place. She doesn't believe that there are no dark wizards or magical animals taking advantage of the chaos.

"Aren't you going to go back and dress up?" Napoleonio said angrily.

"What?"

He ignored her.

Georgiana looked at the sky and asked Matilda to bring all the clothes and jewelry for the evening to the library, and then she and Philyl flipped through the books.

Bonaparte did not understand Latin and Greek, and Georgiana did not understand Greek. Philiel, a Greek who was proficient in many languages, came in handy.

These "ancient books" are at least hundreds of years old. Even if they are carefully maintained, many of them have become moldy and deteriorated due to humid weather, and some pages are stuck together, which greatly affects efficiency.

Now she wished she could have a Ravenclaw as knowledgeable as the Gray Lady.

She originally thought that Bonaparte would have nothing to do, but he seemed to have found a bookshelf that he could read, so she paid no more attention to him.

"Damn bird." She cursed in a low voice, looking at the books spread out on the table in a daze.

After the Battle of Agincourt, Henry V controlled most of Normandy, and French King Charles was forced to agree to the Treaty of Troyes, officially recognizing Henry as the heir to the throne of France.

However, Henry V did not live happily for long and died. Charles also died at the same time, and the peace treaty was ruined. Henry's successor Henry VI and Charles' son both claimed to inherit the throne.

The signing of the "Peace of Amiens" was also not smooth. The Pope's original intention may have been to establish his authority by promoting peace between the two countries. However, none of them expected that someone actually kidnapped the Pope's envoy Caprara.

Their purpose was to hope that the church would continue to fund and support them, but at that point it became someone who was deliberately trying to undermine European peace.

At that time, ambassadors from Germany, Portugal, Spain and other countries all participated in the "Pheasant Feast", and anyone who blamed it would declare war. As a result, the United States, which was the farthest offshore, was in bad luck.

The cooperation between the United States and France is the best. France needs rice, tobacco, potash, furs, and wood for shipbuilding. The United States needs brandy, oil, and various other industrial products, especially tobacco. The French like Virginia flue-cured tobacco very much.

You can drink tea without sugar, but it is difficult for people who are accustomed to smoking to quit smoking. Napoleon imposed tariffs on some American goods, and Jefferson also imposed tariffs on tobacco. This is actually a lose-lose situation. The French do not smoke, and the Americans

Tobacco workers are also facing the problem of unemployment. Virginia is Washington's hometown, and not all tobacco growers here are slaves.

Originally, the British could make money in both directions as they did in 1785, that is, by collecting French coins and lowering prices from American planters. However, Napoleon did not prohibit American fleets from entering French ports.

It would be convenient to have a blank charter from the Spanish. The captain took two bills, one was shipped from the United States to any neutral country, and another bill was issued from the neutral country, indicating that the goods were shipped from the neutral country to France.

Even if the goods are shipped intact from the United States and shipped on American ships, they can only pay normal taxes and do not have to pay the ridiculously high tariffs.

This "neutral country" often refers to Spain. Spanish warships sail on the inland rivers of the United States. They do nothing but check whether passing ships have charters. What to do with ships without charters? It's very simple.

U.S. Customs pays duties, but the ship owner can also issue a certificate saying that his goods were shipped to the UK. Do lawmakers have time to pay attention to them?

The small farmers were panicking about the low-priced grains from the United States. They were worried that they would lose their protection and compete with foreign countries. They launched the "Bread and Blood" movement. There was a debate over whether to pass the Corn Laws. Meat is British.

What I want to eat most is that even though the livestock industry in the UK is more developed than in France, not everyone can afford meat.

Unlike colonial agriculture, indigenous small farmers can solve the cost problem with slaves. French small farmers use family labor, which means that the whole family cultivates the land together, but the French do not particularly value the labor generated by male members of the family, because

In rural areas, most women work in agriculture, while men have to go out to find work.

Thanks to Gabriel Houvral's 2 million quintals of grain, not only the hungry French people were fed, but also bankers like Barrillon who invested in shipping were saved from bankruptcy. Spain was also engaged in reforms, but not

Free marketization of grain prices, but abandoning traditional agricultural management methods.

Starting from the Middle Ages, kings who followed the church paid more attention to animal husbandry. In 1273, King Alfonso X established the Mesta Honor Society. Practitioners of this association can ensure that livestock roads are not encroached upon and livestock can use wasteland.

Farmland and forks.

Farmers with small plots of land don't have the money to raise so many livestock. They mostly rent livestock from mestas. If this system is abolished, landowners can enclose their land to grow crops, and no longer need to provide livestock for grazing.

The nobles gave way. Now when France is surveying the land where railways can be laid, it also selects those lands that are not fertile. The porous and fertile land is not only valuable, but also affects farming.

Although transfers that prohibited the nobility and church from annexing land and real estate had little effect, Spain's acreage was still allowed, and small landowners and tenant farmers also sold excess harvests and livestock.

Wheat is also divided into hard wheat and soft wheat. High-gluten flour is ground from hard wheat, and low-gluten flour is ground from soft wheat. High-gluten flour is suitable for making bread and noodles, and low-gluten flour is suitable for making biscuits and cakes. It is produced in Spain.

The seeds of the durum wheat plant were brought over from the Middle East by the Japanese in the 13th century. It is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, and has low soil requirements. The irrigation system in Spain is not developed, and some areas are semi-arid. There are many people in the southeast.

Water is scarce, the west and north have more rain, and the population is small. Many places are still using irrigation systems left over from the Roman period, such as those spectacular Roman aqueducts.

At present, Spain has not encountered natural disasters. What they are short of is money and coins, so that they have to sell religious properties to survive. The Spaniards sell religious properties with the approval of the Pope, but as long as they do not regain their maritime hegemony, they will return it.

In this state of "lost contact" with the colonies, it is obvious that Mexico has a lot of silver coins.

When the peace treaty was first negotiated, Britain's conditions were to cede Ceylon, make former Dutch Demolara, Essequibo and Berbice free ports, abandon Martinique, and retain Spanish Trinidad and French Toba.

Brother, this choice means that France must choose to sacrifice the Netherlands or Spain.

In the end, Napoleon chose France and its allies to keep all the colonies except Ceylon and Trinidad, and this was also the reason for the Duke of Orange to demand compensation.

When Talleyrand went to Berlin to negotiate, they actually didn't discuss much, it was just a question of how much money to pay.

He was talking about her speech at the reception last night. Georgiana wanted to bring peace, justice and order, Bonaparte had brought "peace" instead.

Reducing tariffs is conducive to business development. However, it exempts steel from tariffs but not the textile industry. This is artificially creating inequality. If the steel industry wants to obtain more resources, it must take away part of the already established textile industry.

Discounts, such as the ratio of shipping cotton and iron ore from the United States.

There is no franchise for iron ore in the UK. Whoever owns the mine opens the mine, and it is basically smelted on site. In addition to tea, the East India Company's franchise also includes saltpeter. France's saltpeter miners also have privileges. After the Great Revolution, human rights became available.

The police and gendarmes cannot go to citizens' homes to arrest people at will, especially at night, but miners can break into people's homes with "I suspect you have mines at home" to prevent some people from "extracting saltpeter from feces" when the country is in urgent need of it.

Wealth should not be wasted."

If it were the 21st century, Pomona's abilities would be of no use. There would be men and women on diets everywhere, not the same as she is now.

She looked at those ancient books and smiled bitterly.

When Severus saw Bonaparte for the first time, he said that he was useless. Aren't soldiers useless in peaceful times?

They are just two useless people who have been abandoned by the times and are dreaming.

At this time, the choir next door changed a song, which was not a hymn or a hymn:

Vent frais, breeze,

Vent du matin, the morning wind,

Vent qui souffle aux sommets des grands pins, the wind blows to the big pines on the summit,

Joie du vent qui souffle, harvest joy in the wind,

Allons dans le grand vent, let us chase the wind,

Vent frais, breeze,

Vent du matin, the morning wind,

Vent qui souffle aux sommets des grands pins, the wind blows to the big pines on the summit,

Joie du vent qui souffle, feel the joy in the wind,

Allons dans le grand vent, let us play in the wind,

Vent frais, breeze,

Vent du matin, the morning wind,

Vent qui souffle aux sommets des grands pins, the wind blows to the big pines on the summit,

Joie du vent qui souffle, free in the wind,

Allons dans le grand vent, let us travel far with the wind,

Vent frais, breeze,

Vent du matin, the morning wind,

Vent qui souffle aux sommets des grands pins, the wind blows to the big pines on the summit,

Joie du vent qui souffle, happiness soars in the wind,
To be continued...