Chapter 2256 Fierce Fire Frenzy (16)

The rectory of St. Donatine's Church in Bruges was built in the Baroque style in order to resist the Reformation, which happened to be the period of Spanish rule.

Even though the Spaniards gave the Netherlands autonomy, the "Netherlands Revolution", or the Eighty Years' War, broke out in the Netherlands against Spanish rule.

The King of Spain at that time was a well-known Catholic, and the prosperity of the Netherlands was closely related to the Hanseatic League. Participants in the Hanseatic League were mainly North Germans, Britain, Sweden and other Protestant countries. The reforms of Archduke Joseph II of Austria

This included freedom of belief for Protestant minorities, non-religious citizenship, and the abolition of retreats and diocesan seminaries. Those who opposed him were mainly Catholic people. By this time, the Hanseatic League had disintegrated, and the former "Lion of the North"

Sweden has also weakened, and the Protestants can no longer support William of Orange like they did in the 17th century and fought several wars with the Spanish.

The Inquisition not only tried wizards, but also "heresies", and was sometimes used to exclude dissenters. William of Orange was finally elected by the Dutch people as the monarch of the Dutch Republic, but he was killed by Spanish assassins in his own home.

He was assassinated, and King Philip II of Spain offered a reward of 40,000 guilders to hunt down the assassin. However, the Spaniards did not take the opportunity to continue the war, because William's son inherited the Dutch royal family, and it was William III and Mary II of the Orange family who became the tyrants.

After James II was overthrown, he replaced James' son and was supported by the British Parliament as the King of England.

There were many things she really shouldn't have to deal with, but if wizards failed to ask the king to legislate to recognize and protect wizards, then at least those laws related to witchcraft could be abolished.

However, the new penal codes introduced by Joseph II for Austria and Hungary in 1787 did not include these provisions, and his reforms were resisted in Belgium. The French Directory's conscription in 1798 and 1799 provoked Belgian peasant uprisings and was

Extremely brutal repression.

There is a clear distinction between farmers and the middle class. The French Revolution was a thoroughgoing bourgeois revolution. In 1789, conservatives and progressives in the Netherlands united against Austria. While the conservative centralists won a common victory, they also clashed with each other.

Eventually the conservative centralists entered Brussels, but the peasants still supported Austria.

This movement was called the Brabant Uprising because after the rebels occupied Brussels, they proclaimed the establishment of the United States of Brabant and promulgated a constitution in 1790. However, the leaders of the uprising, Nott and Oncke, had different political opinions and the United Front collapsed.

Unck went into exile, and the Austrian Emperor Leopold II, who had just ascended the throne, immediately sent troops to defeat Nott and reoccupied Brussels without encountering popular opposition.

In other words, the upper class in Belgium opposed Austrian rule, and the peasants supported it; the upper class accepted French rule, and the peasants opposed it.

There was a case in Switzerland. There was a maid named Anna Gerardi. She worked for a family named Tetrudi. However, she had a "love relationship" with the male head of the family, and Techuidi

Tchudi was married at the time and the father of two children. When Gerardi became pregnant, he wanted to make their relationship public. Tchudi was afraid of losing his reputation and status if the matter was exposed, so he met with friends and relatives who worked in the church and the court.

He conspired to accuse Gerardi of being a witch, and put a poisonous needle in his daughter's milk bottle in an attempt to poison his child. Gerardi was tortured and finally surrendered and was beheaded in 1782.

Mr. Techudi's daughter is still breastfeeding, which means that his wife should be pregnant and gave birth soon. Not only did he sleep with the maid while his wife was pregnant, but after the maid became pregnant, he also wanted to kill her to silence her and keep his own.

Reputation and status. However, this judicial murder was still carried out by a church member who witnessed the entire incident. He sent the truth and original documents to a German newspaper, causing an uproar in Europe. It was this case that became the starting point for Joseph II to

Laws related to witchcraft or witchcraft were deleted from the new code, and people said that Gerardi was the "last witch" in Europe.

The ban on witchcraft persecution is one of the great achievements in European history. Accusing someone of witchcraft has become an effective way of condemnation, but the current situation is not as simple as people in the future may think.

The process of European modernization has completely changed the rules of the game after the collapse of Western Rome. The French Revolution completely abolished imaginary crimes. You must first understand which world you live in, including infrastructure, agricultural production, industrial development, housing, health, medical security, etc.

Etc., people are still being threatened by malaria, smallpox, and cholera. Beer was a popular drink in the army during Gustav's Thirty Years' War. War often caused water pollution, and soldiers who drank that kind of water would definitely lose their combat effectiveness.

There is a saying in the fable of the bees that honor and religion are contradictory to each other. Some people command you to use tolerance to fight harm, while others will tell you that if you don’t hate those who harm you, you will

There is no law of survival. Religion requires you to leave your revenge to God, but honor requires you not to use other people's hands to complete your revenge plan. The only thing you can rely on is yourself.

Religion stipulates that killing is not allowed, but honor openly states that killing is legal. Soldiers regard killing more enemies as a kind of meritorious service. How can we harmonize the two?

The author can't think of an answer to this question, and he hopes someone wiser than him can handle it.

In ancient Germanic law, there was no formal procedure for condemning the king as a necessary prerequisite for punishing or overthrowing the king, and there was no judicial procedure for the king's wrongdoing. In the incident of being thrown out of the window in Prague, the people solved this problem through violence.

question.

But there is this sentence:

Sciat quod obsequium sibi non debetur,

Quit negat servicium,quo doe tenetur.

(Let him know that one need not obey one who denies one's duty to God.)

This involves all the rights of resistance of the Germanic nation. This is not the kind of resistance of uprising or rebellion. In the concept of the early Middle Ages, the basic obligation of subjects to their rulers is loyalty, but loyalty is different from obedience. Only when both parties maintain integrity

Under the circumstances, one party has an obligation to the other party.

If the king violates the law, he automatically gives up the right to demand obedience from his subjects. It is not legal to cut his mistress into pieces and throw them out of the window like garbage, even though it is not the king himself who commits such atrocities.

Only a loyal king will have loyal subjects. On the other hand, the monarch's poor rule may also be due to the deception of flatterers and evil advisers. These people become loyal villains, in order to prevent the king from being deceived anymore, and make

The king is no longer enslaved by the treacherous ministers. In this case, the people are brave enough to "oppose the king for the king." This is the right to resist.

The French Republic annexed the Principality of Liege, and the ruler of the Principality of Liege was the archbishop. In the 11th century, Bishop Vazo of Liege directly pointed out the difference between obedience and allegiance in the investiture dispute. He told the king that as for the pope, he

Must obey, to the king, he must be loyal. In the church system, people must obey higher authorities, but this premise is to teach higher authorities not to make mistakes. If they make mistakes, they do not need to obey unconditionally, such as Gurle

Dee's murder, a lowly priest gave information to reporters.

The right of resistance exists in both the secular and the church. The reason why Bruges refused to dig a second canal to connect with the River Lys was that such digging would cause negative problems and cause more harm than good, so they were using the right of resistance legitimately.

The church and the secular are not always in conflict. In the 9th century, the church and the secular resistance formed an alliance. After Charlemagne, the Carolingian dynasty always had the title of Roman emperor, but it was just a title. The Eastern Roman Empire in 1453

It was called the "Roman Empire" before its demise, and Constantinople was called New Rome.

Due to Diocletian's Four Emperors system, Rome was divided into east and west parts. The Eastern Roman Empire was different from the Western Rome that believed in many gods, and it also avoided the difficulties that the Western Rome encountered in the 3rd and 4th centuries.

Eastern Rome had to face the Persians, Slavs, and Western Rome had to face the Vikings, Goths, etc. The four sons of Louis the Pious were born to two women respectively. The first three had one mother, and the fourth

His son Charles the Bald is his second wife Judis of Bavaria. She is a good mother who is dedicated to her son. She actively fights for a territory for her only son, but this harms the interests of other half-brothers and eventually triggers a dispute.

A civil war divided the Frankish Empire. Charles the Bald obtained the western part of the empire through the Treaty of Verdun, forming what would become France, while the eastern part of the empire became the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy Roman Empire.

Lothair inherited the emperor's title and was assigned to the Kingdom of Middle Frank west of the Rhine and the Alps. The Germanic Louis was assigned to the east of the Rhine. As the last monarch of East Frank, the child Louis, died without a child, he became the Duke of East Frank.

They elected a non-Carolingian German monarch, and the Carolingian succession system was abolished.

The alliance between the church and the secular resistance was born out of the chaos of the 9th century, because secular dignitaries used the name of God to rule out dissidents...

"What are you looking at?"

Leon lifted the quilt and lay next to her.

I'm thinking that men don't always make correct judgments and do stupid things based on emotion.

"Can I ask you a question?" She put down the book and looked at him.

He looked at her too.

"Do I look ambitious?"

He laughed.

"what's so funny?"

"Are you interested in any of the paintings in this house?" he asked.

"You told me not to take these works of art." She frowned.

"Then what is your ambition?" he asked slowly.

She thought for a long time.

"Eliminate poverty." She said sincerely.

"Liar, why does Undine only ask others to be honest with her?"

For her, the most important thing was to ban witch hunting.

But he kissed her, as if he didn't really want to know what her "ambition" was.

"How about not playing Undine?" he said softly. "How about Sylph, the wind elf?"

She quickly woke up from the "magic" he created.

Sylph is easily confused with other air elves, but she has a special characteristic. When she marries a mortal, the mortal will gain eternal life, which is an indispensable element in alchemy to make the Philosopher's Stone.

Salamander has the same name as the fire elemental elf, and there is also the earth elemental elf Nomu...

"How about we dress up as Smurfs?" She smiled and said, "It would be cute."

"What is that?" he asked.

So she sang: "There is a group of Smurfs on the other side of the mountain and the sea. They are lively and smart, they are naughty and sensitive, they live freely in the big green forest, they are kind and brave, and they care about each other.

.”

He looked at her seriously.

"The children in our area all know what a Smurf is. It is a kind of elf native to Belgium." She touched his smooth and fair face. "First, you have to paint your skin blue."

He also had to wear white trousers. His uniform trousers were all white and they happened to be ready-made.

But she couldn't help but laugh when she imagined that scene. The look was more exaggerated than asking him to jack up a chicken.

She endured it for a long time without daring to laugh out loud, because he didn't allow her to laugh, and she was almost hurt from holding it in.

"Because we are all short? So we have to pretend to be dwarfs?" he said grimly.

"Believe me, that's much cuter than a goblin."

"What is a goblin?"

"A yard pest."

"If you don't want to be a fairy, why don't you pretend to be a pest?"

"Whoever said you had to play a gnome, I meant a smurf."

"What is their power?" he asked provocatively.

Later, when she thought that the Smurfs were dealing with Gargamel, she felt it wasn't fun anymore.

"You pretend to be a fairy, what should I pretend to be?" he asked lazily.

"How about you play the Roman soldier who chops off the giant's hand?"

He shook his head, lay down again in his position, and discussed with her what to wear tomorrow.

In fact, he can pretend to be no one and just be a mortal who is loved by a fairy. But whether he breaks his vow with Undine and cannot sleep, or he gets eternal life like Silf, it is a curse.

So mortals should stay away from the other world.
Chapter completed!