However, this good situation quickly took a turn for the worse due to the failure of Zheng Chenggong's army to attack Nanjing.

Just when Zhang Huangyan was retaking Huizhou, he heard about Zheng Chenggong's defeat at the gates of Nanjing, so he "returned to Wuhu to withdraw his troops, hoping to unite with Guazhou, and the Zhenjiang (rebel) army to guard the plan." He looked forward to a favorable opportunity before making other plans.

Soon, Zhang Huangyan received news that Zheng Chenggong's army had abandoned Guazhou, Zhenjiang and other places and retreated to the sea. As a result, the rebel army led by Zhang Huangyan was in a dilemma and was in a dangerous situation, surrounded by enemies from both sides, and was quickly defeated.

At this time, Lang Tingzuo, the governor of Liangjiang in the Qing Dynasty, on the one hand dispatched naval troops to cut off the waterway for Zhang Huangyan's rebel army to retreat eastward, and on the other hand wrote a letter to Zhang Huangyan to persuade him to surrender.

Zhang Huangyan "rejected" the surrender letter. At the same time, in order to get out of the predicament, he led "the remaining troops to plan to enter Poyang Lake" and develop towards Jiangxi.

When the rebel fleet arrived in Tongling, they encountered a large number of Qing naval forces coming from Huguang to aid them. They fought fiercely with them and were defeated. In the end, Zhang Huang said, "There were only a few hundred soldiers to help the disabled, they retreated and did nothing, and burned the boats to land."

However, Zhang Huangyan traveled overland from Tongcheng via Huoshan and Yingshan. When he arrived at Dongxiling, he was unlucky enough to be chased by Qing cavalry, and all those who followed Zhang Huangyan were scattered.

Zhang Huangyan finally broke out of the encirclement, so he had to disguise himself and travel at night. At Gaohu Port, some villagers knew him and hid him at home for several days. They then guided Zhang Huangyan to escape from the enemy, cross the river, and travel through the mountains of Jiande and Qimen.

A lonely road.

At this time, Zhang Huangyan was suffering from a malaria attack and could hardly walk, but he still walked hard regardless of the pain.

After arriving in Xiuning, Zhang Huangyan got a boat and went to Yanzhou. After landing, he resumed the mountain road, passing through Dongyang and Yiwu in Zhejiang, "to Tiantai and the sea".

After going through all kinds of difficulties and dangers, after the defeat, he detoured for more than 2,000 miles, narrowly escaped death, and finally returned to the coastal areas of Zhejiang. After that, Zhang Huangyan gathered his old troops and prepared to make a comeback.

After Zheng Chenggong received the news of Zhang Huangyan's survival, he also transferred part of his troops to his command, which resulted in the rebel army growing slightly. Zhang Huangyan stationed the rebel army in Changting Township, built ponds to defend against the tide, and opened up farmland to support the army and provide military pay.

At the same time, Zhang Huangyan sent an envoy to report the news of his defeat to King Gui. After King Gui learned about it, he expressed comfort and condolences in the edict and at the same time gave him the title of "Shang Shu of the Ministry of War".

In the 18th year of Shunzhi, which was also the 15th year of Yongli, in 1661 AD, in order to eliminate the anti-Qing forces in the southeastern coastal areas, the Qing Dynasty issued the "Sea Relocation Order" and the "Ting Council Relocation of Maritime Residents" to cut off food and salary for the rebels.

"Relief".

The rebels had "no pay" and had to "open a settlement in Nantian to support themselves." When Zheng Chenggong led his army to the east to regain Taiwan from the Dutch colonists, Zhang Huangyan did not understand the great strategic significance and value of this move, and wrote to Zheng Chenggong, "

Move the book to stop it."

Soon, the Qing army marched straight into Yunnan, eventually overthrowing the Yongli regime of the Southern Ming Dynasty. At this critical moment, Zhang Huangyan "sent his guest Luo Lun to Taiwan" and urged Zheng Chenggong to send troops to southern Fujian. On the one hand, he supported the people on the southeast coast in opposing the "Sea Relocation Order".

On the other hand, the struggle could also contain the Qing army and relieve the danger of Yongli's regime, but Zheng Chenggong rejected it on the grounds that "the Taiwan policy cannot be implemented."

Therefore, Zhang Huangyan had to send envoys to Yunyang Mountain in Hubei to persuade the "Thirteen Family Soldiers" to go to war. The "Thirteen Family Soldiers" were originally the remnants of Li Zicheng's uprising army, led by Hao Yongzhong, Liu Tichun and other generals.

Maolu Mountain in the east of Kuizhou was used as a base to persist in the struggle against the Qing Dynasty.

Zhang Huangyan asked the "Thirteen Family Soldiers" to go out to disrupt the Qing army in Huguang and contain the enemy, so as to alleviate the crisis in Yunnan and save the military crisis in which the Yongli regime was about to fall. However, the "Thirteen Family Soldiers" eventually "weakened" due to their strength.

In addition, the army was weak and unable to fight.

In the first year of Kangxi, which was also the sixteenth year of Yongli, in 1662 AD, Zhang Huangyan moved the rebel army to Shadi. At this time, Zheng Chenggong regained Taiwan and established the Zheng family regime. King Lu was living in Kinmen, so Zheng Chenggong

The etiquette of his food and clothing offerings is "dwindling day by day".

Although Zhang Huangyan was still loyal to King Lu and "paid hundreds of millions every year", he was "concerned about his success" and therefore "did not dare to visit King Lu for ten years." After Zhang Huangyan "heard that King Gui was defeated"

, so he "went to King Qilu and accepted the call." However, he did not get support from Zheng Chenggong.

In May, Zheng Chenggong suddenly died of illness in Taiwan, making the situation of the anti-Qing struggle even more severe. Zhang Huangyan moved to the Linmen Village area of ​​Ninghai.

At this time, Zhao Tingchen, the governor of Zhejiang Province in the Qing Dynasty, took advantage of the difficult situation of Zhang Huangyan's rebel army and wrote another letter to appeal for surrender. Zhang Huangyan was unmoved and refused in his reply.

In November, King Lu died in Kinmen. As a result, Zhang Huangyan had to fight in Linmen Village, Ninghai County. Returning to the enemy's home made Zhang Huangyan full of emotions.

Therefore, Zhao Tingchen, the governor of Zhejiang Province in the Qing Dynasty, persisted and took advantage of the difficult situation of Zhang Huangyan's rebel army to write another letter to appeal for surrender. Zhang Huangyan was unmoved and replied to the letter refusing.

Although the rebels fought many times at this time, they were left alone at sea and forced to fight alone, becoming increasingly weak and weak.

For this reason, someone proposed that the rebel troops be stationed on Jilong Island. Zhang Huangyan believed that this proposal was not feasible. Jilong Island was surrounded by the sea and was easy to attack and difficult to defend. If it was attacked by the Qing army, there would be a risk of the entire army being annihilated.

Time passed little by little, but the miracle of resisting the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty never happened. Finally, in June of the third year of Kangxi, Zhang Huangyan saw that there was no hope of restoring the Ming Dynasty, so he disbanded the rebel army on Xuan'ao Island in Nantian and lived in seclusion on the island.

However, on July 17, the Qing army found Zhang Huangyan's secluded place through traitors and crossed the island in the middle of the night. Zhang Huangyan's subordinate Luo Zimu, the servant Yang Guanyu and others were arrested.

On September 7, Zhang Huangyan was killed by the Qing army in Bi Jiaofang, Hangzhou. When he went to the execution ground, he was upright and righteous, without any fear on his face. He raised his head and looked at Wushan, and sighed: "It's a great country, but it's a pity that it fell into the smell of poison!" Before his death,

Compose a poem called "Death Poem".

Moreover, when he was about to be executed, he refused to kneel down and be killed, and "sit down and receive the sword." He was only forty-five years old at the time. Seeing that Yang Guanyu was young, the executioner wanted to excuse him.

But Yang Guanyu flatly refused and said: "Zhang Gong died for the country, and died for loyalty; I am willing to die for Zhang Gong. If you want to kill, kill him without saying anything." After saying this, he knelt in front of Zhang Huangyan and held his neck to be tortured.

After Zhang Huangyan's death, Wan Sida and others from Yinxian County and the monk Chaozhi collected the body. Zhang Huangyan's nephew Zhu Xiangyu went to the governor's office to buy back his head and buried him in Hangzhou in accordance with his wish expressed in his poem "Enter the Wulin".

At the foot of Lizhi Peak at the northern foot of Nanping Mountain, he became the third hero buried in Hangzhou together with Yue Fei and Yu Qian. Later generations called him the "Three Heroes of West Lake".

Later, his friend Ye Zhenming went to Wangling Mountain to pay homage to his loyal soul, and wrote a memorial service to name Zhang Huangyan and Luo Lun as "Zhang Sima's two guests". The Qing Dynasty History Museum established a biography of him, and there is a biography in "History of the Ming Dynasty".

In the 41st year of Qianlong's reign, Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty ordered a record of the "married ministers" of the previous dynasty, and gave them posthumous honors and sacrifices. Zhang Huangyan was included in the "Records of the Martyred Ministers of the Victorious Dynasty". The Qing court added the posthumous title of "Zhonglie" to Zhang Huangyan and placed his memorial tablet on it.

If you enter the "Zhongyi Temple", you can enjoy regular sacrifices.
Chapter completed!