Dozens of people came to Shao's house.
In addition to the officials who followed him on the expedition from the beginning, there were also officials who came from Pingyang in advance and officials who stayed behind at the Luoyang court.
"The Jin Dynasty is immoral and the government and punishment are neglected, especially the nobility." After everyone sat down, Zhang Bin, as Shao Xun's substitute, took the lead in mentioning the first thing.
Before the Sima family usurped the throne, they also knew the benefits of establishing five levels of nobility to share profits. The Liang Kingdom was naturally no exception, but it was different.
"During the former Wei Dynasty, nobles only enjoyed food titles and had no land. The state dynasty was too wide and too thick. More than 500 countries all had land titles, and the officials were a country within a country." Zhang Bin continued: "Servant
They thought that they should restore the old system of the Han and Wei dynasties, grant the land a false title, and only enjoy food and towns."
In fact, if there are 10,000 households with food entitlement, it is impossible for those with this title to enjoy 10,000 households with rent.
The policy of the Jin Dynasty was to enjoy one-third of the rent of these 10,000 households (equivalent to 3,300 households). Historically, it was one-ninth (equivalent to 1,100 households) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
In later dynasties, instead of playing with one-third or one-ninth, the concepts of "real seal" and "true seal" appeared.
"Shifeng" refers to the number of food fiefs written in black and white on paper, "real seal" and "real seal" refer to the number of food fiefs that have been actually implemented. The gap is not small. Some people "food seal" five thousand households, and "real seal" refers to the number of food fiefs that have been actually implemented.
"The real seal is" two thousand, one thousand or even hundreds of households.
In fact, it is the same thing, that is, there is a gap between the theoretical food town and the actual food town.
"The first-class title is called 'King', and it has a settlement of 10,000 households. This is a title granted by the clan. If the prince has no special favor, he cannot be crowned king. He is regarded as the first grade."
This kind of king can only be made by Shao Xun's own son. Generally, it is a one-character king, and not even every son can be made king.
"The second is the king of the county. He has a settlement of 5,000 households. This is a title conferred by the clan. He is considered to be of the first rank."
After the death of the king, the person who takes the title may not necessarily inherit the throne directly and intact, especially the side clan.
For example, one of Shao Xun's grandsons may become a county king instead of a king.
There has been a system of downgrading and inheritance of titles in all dynasties. The main reason is to reduce financial pressure.
"The third one is called Gong, and he is granted the title of 3,000 households. This is granted by the descendants of the clan and the meritorious officials. They are considered to be of the first rank."
When you reach the public level, there are meritorious officials who can be named, and there are also clan members who can be demoted to the public rank.
"The fourth one is called the Duke of the County, and he has the title of 2,000 households. This is the title given by the descendants of the clan and the meritorious officials. They are regarded as the second grade."
From the perspective of the Jin Dynasty, there are one-character kings, such as King Sima Lun of Zhao, two-character kings, such as Sima Yue, King of Donghai, and public officials, such as Ma Teng of Pingchang Company, and there are even those below public officials.
The kings of the Western Jin Dynasty regarded counties as their kingdoms. King Zhao and King Donghai were actually "kings of the county" (but the settlements may exceed one county), and Duke Pingchang was the "gong of the county".
The highest among the meritorious officials is the county prince, who has a minimum food allowance of 3,000 or even 10,000 households, which is very generous.
"On the fifth day, he is called the County Duke, and he is granted the title of 1,500 households. This is granted by the descendants of the clan and the meritorious officials. He is considered to be of the second rank."
"On the sixth day, the county marquis is granted the title of a thousand households. This is granted by the descendants of the clan and the meritorious officials. It is regarded as the third rank."
"On the seventh day, I am the county uncle, and I am entitled to a food seal for 700 households..."
"On the eighth day of the month, I am the son of the county, and I will grant food to 500 households..."
"Male from Jiuyue County, three hundred households are granted food privileges..."
The "certain grade" of the title is the same as that of the honorary officer. There is no official salary and salary. It is just a rank promotion level that is required for ranking in various court gatherings and sacrificial activities.
"All the details still need to be perfected. I just mentioned this matter today. You can refer to it in detail when you go back." Zhang Bin finally said.
After everyone listened, they had no objections.
Obviously, the Liang Dynasty could no longer be as generous as the Jin Dynasty. The two dynasties started in different ways. To elaborate, the title system of Shaoliang is more like that of Cao Wei, but there are changes. After all, time has changed and the world has changed.
Same.
Shao Xun carefully observed everyone's expressions.
In this title system, the royal family may be downgraded every generation, that is, the prince ascends the title and becomes the county king, the remaining legitimate sons are the dukes, and the concubine is the county duke or even has no title.
This is somewhat similar to the clan title system in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and even the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
There is a big difference between legitimate sons and concubines. The eldest son of a prince ascends the title of prince, while the other legitimate sons are generally Dukes of the country. The emperor may express his kindness by edicting to make a certain legitimate son a prince, but this is another matter.
The concubine is more miserable. He may not be able to become a duke, and even the title of a county prince is very difficult. Some have no title at all and are only assigned an official position. Of course, the concubine of a prince will probably not be so miserable. It usually takes two or three generations to survive.
title.
A clan without a title has to struggle on its own.
There were too many people like this in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Sui and Tang Dynasties. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, there were clansmen who passed the Jinshi examination and became officials, and those who almost relied on the family to become officials.
This kind of untitled clan that has been passed down for two, three or four generations cannot be proclaimed emperor by the courtiers before the dynasty enters its final years.
Leaving aside the distance, it is extremely unlikely that a member of the clan like Sima Yue would become emperor, but a powerful minister could.
On the contrary, Sima Ying, king of Chengdu, could have been crowned emperor, but he failed.
Looking at the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, which inherited the system of the Northern Dynasties, there is neither the will nor the ability to support most of the clans. That would be too much of a burden.
Being an official or going to the battlefield to fight and perform meritorious service is the best way out for a remote clan, otherwise it will be lost to everyone.
Compared with the clan, if the title of a hero is prefixed with "founding the country", it is theoretically hereditary. Each generation can choose one person to inherit the title, and the others will have no title.
But in actual practice, it is difficult to pass it down for three generations without being downgraded, because the king will always find fault with you, punish you with food, and demote your title.
However, if you perform meritorious service, you may be granted a new title, but this is not the founding title.
This title system was basically improved by absorbing the Wei and Jin systems during the Southern and Northern Dynasties in history, and Shao Xun introduced it in advance.
In short, it is a false title, with no territory, and only the rents and benefits of the specified number of households in the place where the title is located.
The Liang Dynasty did not engage in "real sealing", "real sealing", "food sealing" was as many households as possible. Taking "gong" as an example, it could collect 18,000 grains and 13,500 bolts of silk every year.
With nine thousand catties of cotton, it is not a problem to raise more than a thousand full-time gourmets.
In this way, dignity is achieved.
******
The matter of the title was discussed all afternoon.
I believe that it won't be long before the news slowly spreads.
Many generals in the Shaoxun Group actually have titles from the Jin Dynasty.
Some were canonized by the Jin Emperor, and some were obtained by Shao Xun for them, but none of them had a cent, and they had no effect in Pingyang and Bianliang.
After all, this is no longer the Spring and Autumn Period, when it would have been "title-based", and conferring officials with titles is now "official-based". Officials are the foundation, and titles are just the icing on the cake.
Civil and military generals first pursue official positions, not titles.
After dinner, we discussed military affairs again.
"At the beginning of next year, the Mule Army and the Luoyan Army will have hundreds of infantrymen, and they will replenish the silver spears in batches, leaving the fifth battalion of Heijin with vacancies."
"Starting from next year, the number of Yi Cong Army will be expanded to 10,000, the number of Luoyan Army will be increased to 5,000, and the number of Youzhou Tuqi Governor Army will be increased to 2,000."
"In this case, there will be nearly 50,000 soldiers recruited. The country's financial situation is difficult, so we can only support so many."
"In addition, the Central Guarding Army, the Central Leading Army, and the Northern Army's Central Marquis were added, and the Privy Council, the Training Academy, and the Military Academy were added. The Privy Council mobilized troops, the Training Academy trained troops, and the Military Academy took charge of food, grass, and ordnance."
"This time, after the Luoyang Central Army transferred a group of government soldiers, there were still thousands of soldiers left. There were also thousands of soldiers in Xuchang and Yanzhou each. In two or three years, the strongest ones were selected and transferred to government soldiers. The rest were distributed to important counties, and most of them were sent to important counties.
County, serve as county soldiers."
"On the military register of the government soldiers, there are seven guards and horses of Feilong Guards on the left and right, Xiaoqi Guards on the left and right, Jinwu Guards on the left and Lin Guards on the right. In addition to the seven guards, there are 3,600 Puyang Prefecture soldiers and 3,600 Guanxi Prefecture soldiers.
, there are 2,400 soldiers in Jibei Prefecture, totaling 70,000 and 800 people. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the number of soldiers in the Prefecture increased to more than 80,000."
"All the soldiers and guards of the government have set up government offices in the imperial city. This is a major national event and cannot be ignored."
After Shao Xun said this, he paused for everyone to digest.
Why does he attach so much importance to the soldiers?
In addition to strong combat effectiveness, no need to pay military salary every year, and difficulty in rebellion, there is another factor that is unimaginable to outsiders: a strong ability to assimilate.
As for the Fu soldiers established in the past one or two years, most of them are from Hu people, and the total number may be more than 100,000.
These people live scattered in various areas, and their status is low - compared to the time when they worked as shepherds and slaves for tribal nobles, it seems that they are not very low, and their status has even been improved, because strictly speaking, they are not slaves.
They themselves have an admiration for advanced culture, and over time, they will gradually become more aligned with their masters.
If the master’s family cultivates land, they must also cultivate land.
During the festival, the host family will give some property and food to the tribe, subtly affecting their festival customs.
Whatever the host says, they will slowly learn it to facilitate communication.
What clothes the host and the people around him wear and what hair accessories they wear will gradually change.
All kinds of things.
In fact, it is the assimilation of an advanced culture to a backward culture.
This process lasted for two or three generations, and these Hu tribes were even digested, because their production and lifestyle, language, clothing, festivals and other cultural characteristics have undergone tremendous changes.
As for how long the government soldiers can hold on - the Tang Dynasty persisted until the late Gaozong period, and problems did not arise until the reign of Empress Wu, which was about sixty or seventy years.
However, in the Tang Dynasty, the government troops were mainly concentrated in Guanzhong and Hedong (Dao), and the deployment was too dense.
In fact, during the reign of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, the soldiers no longer had enough land, so Yang Jian wanted to move them out of the "narrow area" (Guanzhong) and relocate them to the Guandong area where land resources were richer.
However, during the wars at the end of the Sui Dynasty, the population dropped from 50 million to more than 10 million in the early Tang Dynasty. It became a situation with fewer people and more land, which was equivalent to a reset.
Therefore, the Tang Dynasty's policy of "raising troops in Guanzhong to attack all directions" that was even more excessive than the Sui Dynasty could continue. In the Tang Dynasty, the number of imperial troops was 600,000, and wars were extremely frequent.
The core of the military system is land, and honorary officers and the like are the icing on the cake.
There was not enough land for honorary officers, and the government's military system collapsed.
If enough land is provided but no honorary officers are given, and officers are awarded according to their respective military merits, the combat effectiveness of the government soldiers will only be reduced, but they will still be regarded as a warworthy army.
The Liang Dynasty had only 70,000 to 80,000 soldiers and abundant land resources, mainly distributed in the Guandong region. This system would not be a problem for hundreds of years.
Fifty thousand soldiers were recruited to garrison Luoyang, Bianliang, Liyang, Yewang and other nearby areas to guard the peripheral key points.
The government soldiers suppressed all directions and frightened the Hu people and nobles. This was almost the military layout at the beginning of the founding of the Liang Dynasty.
In the future, the recruitment of soldiers will increase very slowly or even not at all, but the government soldiers will continue to grow until this system can no longer survive more than a hundred years later.
After more than a hundred years of assimilation, he is worthy of China.
Even if the dynasty perished at that time, the new emperor could still carry on his achievements.
Success does not have to be mine, or even the Liang Dynasty.
Chapter completed!