1. When Liu Bang established the Western Han Dynasty, how many household registrations did he have?
The least said there were less than 10 million people, the most said it was 18 million. Modern scholars believe that including the hidden and dispersed population, the number is about 1,500.
Ten thousand, I'll make a compromise, just over two million households.
So how many meritorious officials has he awarded?
"There are three marquises in one hundred and forty", that is, 143 people.
Among the 143 Chehous, some had more than 10,000 households and some had less than 1,000.
Let’s look at each one below.
1. It doesn’t matter if Han Xin was killed. In fact, it was sealed at the beginning and there were too many thieves.
2. Xiao He, started with 8,000 households, then added 2,000, for a total of 10,000 households.
3. Cao Shen, 10630 households;
4. Zhang Er, he died early. He was the Marquis of Wanhu before. Zhang Ao took the title of Marquis of Xuanping and had an unknown amount of food.
5, Zhou Bo, 8100 households.
6, Fanhui, 5,000 households.
7, Lishang, 4800 households.
8, Xijuan, 4800 households.
9, Xiahouying, 6,900 households.
10, infant irrigation, 5,000 households.
There are many more to come, I won’t list them all, just count the numbers.
There are records of more than a thousand households, but about forty, and there are many whose specific figures are unknown. I haven't included them, so there are hundreds of thousands of households.
Among the remaining 100 households, most have around 1,000 households, a few have exceeded 1,000 households, and a few have less than 1,000 households. I will count them as 100,000 households.
In total, the meritorious officials gave more than 200,000 households food settlements, at least one tenth of the current population in the world as food settlements.
And it's "at least", it may actually be one-eighth.
What about Liu Bangfeng's clan? It's hard to estimate, because it is a state-owned clan. If converted into a population, it greatly exceeds the number of meritorious officials.
Among the 54 counties, Zong Wang occupied 39 counties.
However, the background of the times is such that the trend of feudalism is very strong and cannot be generalized.
But no matter what, it is much more than what the Shaoliang Dynasty sealed out in this book.
2. Liu Xiu established the Eastern Han Dynasty.
At the time of his death, there were approximately 21 million households, or a little more than 4 million households. In the early days of its establishment, it should have been more than 3 million households, and this more than 3 million households is still calculated by modern scholars, and is not the actual population controlled by the Eastern Han government.
Let’s start with the twenty-eight generals of Yuntai.
1. The Eastern Han Dynasty built food towns for counties. The specific number is unknown. For example, Deng Yu, food towns in Gaomi, Chang'an, Yi'an, and Chunyu counties.
When he was in his twenties, he was already living for 10,000 households, and when he was in his 30s when he was living in four counties, his salary would not be reduced, at least not less than 10,000 households, and probably more.
2, Wuhan, Shisi County.
3. Jia Fu, Shiliu County.
4, Geng, Shi Er County.
5. Kou Xun, Marquis of Yong Nu, and ten thousand households in the city.
6. Cen Peng, Wu Yinhou, the exact number is unknown, but it should be at the level of 10,000 households.
7. Feng Yi, Yang Xiahou, same as above.
8, Zhu You, 7300 households.
9. Ji Zun, Marquis Yingyang, the specific number is unknown.
10. Jingdan has ten thousand households in the city.
11, Gaiyan, ten thousand households in the city.
I won’t write them down one by one. To put it simply, a few of the Yuntai 28 houses have more than 10,000 households. According to later scholars’ calculations based on the population ratio, there are 20,000 or 30,000 households. I think it is a bit exaggerated.
A few have less than 10,000 households.
There is a high probability that the combined number of the twenty-eight generals will be able to house more than 300,000 households.
But this is only 28 people. In fact, Liu Xiu granted three to four hundred titles!!!
I don’t dare to think about the specific amount of food that will be sent out.
Liu Xiu was definitely much more generous than Liu Bang towards the founding heroes, and this was related to his background.
I suspect that in the early days of the Eastern Han Dynasty, at least one-third of the households in the world were distributed as food fiefs.
I won’t talk about the Zong Wang. Just like the Western Han Dynasty, he had a fiefdom.
The Eastern Han Dynasty was also much more generous than Shao Liang...
Third, the population of Cao Wei was much smaller, with a registered household population of more than 4 million.
This is definitely not the actual population. Even if the real population is doubled, it will be considered small.
Cao Cao did not found the country, but still inherited the title granted by his father. How much was the total?
Cao Zhi had 10,000 households, Cao Ju, Cao Lin, and Cao Zhang each had 5,000 households. After Cao Bu became emperor, Cao Zhang had 10,000 households.
Then when Cao Mengde defeated Hanzhong, he sealed 30,000 households, and then there were various clans and heroes. There were so many that I felt numb writing about them.
To draw a conclusion, at least more than half of the country's registered households are the heroes, and the royal family's food town has been developed.
The level of generosity exceeds that of the Eastern Han Dynasty,
Fourth, do I need to say more about the Western Jin Dynasty? There were ten thousand clans, not to mention five thousand, but there were more than five hundred feudal states in the whole country.
It's like returning to the Spring and Autumn Period overnight.
Verdict: Most generous ever.
Fifth, let’s talk about the more than two million households in the Tang Dynasty after the end of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It can be seen that the population loss in the late Sui Dynasty was extremely serious. Li Shimin had been emperor for more than ten years, and the exiled population basically returned to farmland. Because it was really
To Tian.
The population has also increased naturally.
There are only 12 million people!
Of course, this number is certainly low, but the real number is not much higher.
It is estimated that in the early years of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there was a high probability that there would be at most 2 million households.
In the title system of the Tang Dynasty, there were 10,000 princes, 5,000 princes, and 3,000 princes, which was actually similar to Shaoliang in the book.
The Tang Dynasty was relatively stingy towards its heroes.
There are nominally 3,000 households in the country, but in reality there are only 1,000 or 2,000 households.
Li Jing even had only 400 households.
The king of Zong is similar. Prince Zheng and Li Yuanli have 10,000 households with food and 70 households. Just kidding!
Of course not everyone is like this, it depends on how close they are to each other.
Some county princes gave food to 5,000 households, but actually gave it to 3,000 households.
The honor of Prince Li Yuanli was to grant food to 10,000 households, but it was actually given to 70 households, which is really eye-catching.
Maybe Li Shimin was dissatisfied with his father who kept creating people when he became the Queen.
But fortunately, the number of meritorious officials and clans granted by the Tang Dynasty was large, and each dynasty and each generation were granted special titles. There were only a few individual settlements, which could not support the large number.
So by the time of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the financial expenditure was huge, and he began to look for trouble and demote him.
In summary, the proportion of the Tang Dynasty's emperors and meritorious officials in the city was much smaller than that of the previous dynasties, probably no more than one-tenth (200,000 households), which was slightly lower than the level of the Western Han Dynasty, and there was no fiefdom.
This resulted in insufficient salaries for officials in the early Tang Dynasty, no money for food and housing, and a significant drop in living standards. Li Shimin had to hold banquets every three days and use money from the treasury to reward ministers.
6. Personal Thoughts: Some people are shocked that the food of the heroes and kings accounts for only "a fraction" of the national finance.
That's because you haven't studied these data before, you don't know the average level, and you think these are "little money".
I never thought that one-third or more than half of the households existed as the food towns of meritorious officials.
This has been the custom since the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, and has not been baptized by the word games of "food seal" and "real seal" in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Generally speaking, the further forward you are, the more generous you are, and the further back you are, the stingier you are.
To be honest, the Shaoliang Dynasty was stingy enough, more generous than the Tang Dynasty, and even more stingy than the Han, Wei, and Jin Dynasties in the early years of their founding.
Even at the lower one-tenth level of the Tang Dynasty, the Shaoliang Dynasty still had to seal off more than 200,000 households.
For example, if a meritorious official is granted the title of Duke of Yuzhang County, the 1,500 households designated by Yuzhang County will be given to you as rent, while others will not give it to you.
If you suffer a disaster, your income will drop. If you have a bumper harvest, it is also yours. It is not that the central government collects taxes and distributes money according to the number of households. It is closely related to the region. According to the ratio of one-eighth of the Western Han Dynasty, more than 300,000 households.
According to the Eastern Han Dynasty, 700,000-800,000 households served as food towns.
According to Cao Wei, there were more than one million households living in the city.
According to the Western Jin Dynasty, sorry, the data overflowed—
Do you have an idea?
Add a paragraph at the end: Some people believe that the central government raises taxes and then distributes money according to the number of households in the city. That is wrong!
Not so.
This era is closely related to fiefdom. Although it is a virtual fief, it will give you a map to tell you where the people are your fief. You cannot manage it, but you can enjoy the income. This is called "virtual fief". Not necessarily.
Be accurate to your specific number of food fiefs, because land may be large or small,
For example, Xun's fiefdom in the Western Jin Dynasty was five miles smaller than the actual radius, because Jichuan Ruins happened to be that big.
If you participate in management, it will be a state closure.
Therefore, the heroes often compete endlessly over whose land is better and whose land is worse.
For example, if Wang Yan is granted the title of Duke of Pingyuan County, Pingyuan County will have to give him 1,500 households' rent income. This is why the heroes granted by the protagonist are basically not within the scope of direct taxation.
Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, Sima Yan, did a census before his death. The number of households in the country was 16 million. Scholars generally believe that it was at least 35 million. I think doubling it is not a problem when a large number of aristocratic families occupy the population.
Among the 35 million, there were 5-10 million in the south and 25-30 million in the north. In the late Yuan Dynasty, there were 50 million in the south and 10 million in the north. It was not without reason that Zhu Yuanzhang was able to dominate the north with the south.
Chapter completed!