After the Qin Dynasty was destroyed, Xiang Yu, who considered himself the leader of the princes and was recognized by all the princes, naturally wanted to reward him based on his merits.

It is as if the emperor of Zhou divided the princes into feudal states.

At this time, Xiang Yu had three choices in front of him. One was to learn from Ji Fa of the Western Zhou Dynasty and become king and enfeoff the family's children; the other was to follow the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods and enfeoff various princes as kings and become the overlord himself; the third was to learn from Qin Shihuang and give up enfeoffment and dominate

The world.

Xiang Yu did not want to learn from Qin Shihuang. People at the time believed that the harsh punishments were one reason why the empire established by Qin Shihuang was short-lived, and the lack of enfeoffment was another reason.

It's not good to learn from King Wu of Zhou. When King Wu attacked Zhou, the main force was King Wu, and Xiang Yu's team was a coalition of princes. Xiang Yu's strength was obviously not enough to be an enemy of the princes, so he had to consider the interests of the princes.

Because of the far-reaching influence of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the heroes of the uprising in the late Qin Dynasty all had the desire to break the earth and become the king. For example, Chen Sheng proclaimed himself King of Chu as soon as he conquered Chen County, and either approved or acquiesced to his subordinates who broke the earth to become the king and the six

The country will be restored for future generations. For most people, the goal of unifying the Central Plains and becoming the lord of the Nine Provinces is too far away.

The ideal of occupying a piece of land and becoming a king is much easier, and it is enough to satisfy all kinds of heroes. Therefore, after Xiang Yu destroyed Qin, he complied with the wishes of most people, split the earth and made the king, and restored the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period when all the countries coexisted and the alliance leaders dominated the world.

Due to the political situation, he chose hegemony instead of inheriting the imperial legacy of the Qin Dynasty.

Before the enfeoffment, Xiang Yu planned to give himself a title and send someone back to report to Chu Queen Huai Wang Xiong Xin, meaning to ask Xiong Xin to grant Xiang Yu the title of king. King Chu's reply only had two words: As promised. However, this agreement

But "the one who broke Qin first and entered Xianyang will be king." Doesn't this mean that Liu Bang will be made the king of the world? Xiang Yu will have nothing to do without him.

Xiang Yu gritted his teeth with hatred, so he decided to ignore Xiong Xin. So, in order to make King Huai's agreement an empty talk, Xiang Yu carefully pondered over the map for several days and began to divide the world.

The first person to be enfeoffed was Xiang Yu himself. Xiang Yu established himself as the overlord of Western Chu and took nine counties as fiefdoms. There are different opinions from ancient times to the present about what the nine counties are. According to the research and analysis of Qing Dynasty scholar Yao Ding and others, these nine counties are

They are the two counties of Liang and the seven counties of Chu, namely Dangjun, Dongjun, Chenjun, Xuejun, Sishuijun, Donghaijun, Dongyangjun, and Zhangjun.

The scope of Kuaiji County is basically equivalent to today's eastern Henan Province, southwestern Shandong Province, Huaibei and Jiangnan parts of Anhui Province, all of Jiangsu Province, all of Shanghai and most of Zhejiang Province. Xiang Yu's territory was the largest at that time. Xiong Xin

He was the King of Chu, and Xiang Yu was also the King of Chu. Two kings came out of one Chu State. You can imagine the days of King Huai of Chu.

The second one is Liu Bang. Although Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng are very scrupulous about the strange things that happened to Liu Bang, everyone has reconciled in Hongmen, and Xiang Yu is too proud to blatantly abrogate the agreement with King Huai and chill the princes, so

He had no choice but to make Liu Bang the King of Han, and the fiefdoms were Bajun, Shu, and Hanzhong, with the capital at Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi).

But Xiang Yu was still worried, so he divided the 800-mile Qinchuan River into three parts and made three generals of the Qin Dynasty kings. The purpose was to block Liu Bang in Bashu and prevent him from coming out:

Zhanghan was granted the title of King Yong, and his territory was west of Xianyang, next to Liu Bang, and his capital was Feiqiu (now southeast of Xingping, Shaanxi Province).

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);

Sima Xin was granted the title of King of Sai, with the fiefdom extending from the east of Xianyang to the Yellow River, and the capital being Yueyang (southeast of today's Fuping, Shaanxi Province);

Dong Yi was granted the title of King Zhai, and his fiefdom extended to the west to Zhengning in Gansu Province, to the central line of Mu Us Sandy Land in Inner Mongolia, to the north of Ordos City in Inner Mongolia, to the Yellow River in the east, and to the Wangyi District of Tongchuan in Shaanxi Province in the south to the Huanglong line. The capital was Gaonu (

North of present-day Yan'an, Shaanxi Province).

Other princes also have their own enfeoffments:

Wei King Ji Bao was renamed King of the Western Wei Dynasty, and the fiefdom was Hedong (today's Shanxi), and the capital was Pingyang (today's southwest of Linfen, Shanxi);

Xiaqiu Gong Shenyang was Zhang Er's male favorite. He once took the lead in conquering Henan County (south of the Yellow River in today's Henan Province, east of Lingbao, and west of Zhongmou), and assisted the Chu army to cross the Yellow River. He was named the King of Henan for his meritorious service, and his fiefdom was in Henan.

The county's capital was Luoyang (now Luodong, Henan);

King Han Cheng of Han still ruled the land of Han, and his capital was Yangzhai (now Yu County, Henan);

General Sima Yi of the State of Zhao (the ancestor of the Sima clan in Hanoi, the famous Sima Yi was a descendant of Sima Yi, and the Sima clan members of Sima Qian's lineage are not the same as Sima Yi) pacified Hanoi and established military exploits. He was regarded as the King of Yin and ruled Hanoi. His capital was

Chaoge, the former capital of the Shang Dynasty (now Qixian County, Henan);

King Xie of Zhao was renamed King Dai and ruled Daijun (now northwest Hebei and northeastern Shanxi), and his capital was Daixian (now northeastern Yuxian, Hebei);

Zhang Er had a reputation as a virtuous man, and he followed Xiang Yu all the way into the Pass, so he was named Changshan King and ruled the original Zhao State (today's northwestern Shanxi, western and southern Hebei), with the capital of Xiangguo (today's Xingtai, Hebei);

Dangyang Jun Yingbu bravely won the three armies and made great achievements in battle. He was named the King of Jiujiang, his fiefdom was Huainan (today's Huainan area in Anhui Province), and his capital was Yingbu's hometown of six counties;

Fanjun Wu Rui, Yingbu's father-in-law, led the elite Baiyue troops to follow the princes into the Pass, and was named the King of Hengshan, with the capital as Zhu County (today's north of Huanggang, Hubei);

Gong Ao of the Zhu Kingdom of Yi Emperor Xiong Xin (second only to Ling Yin, a senior official of the Prime Minister, and the highest military attache in the Chu Kingdom) led his troops to conquer Nanjun (today's Jingzhou area of ​​Hubei Province). He had military exploits and was named the King of Linjiang and a fiefdom.

It was Nanjun, and its capital was Jiangling (today's Jiangling, Hubei);

King Han Guang of Yan was renamed King of Liaodong and ruled Liaodong (approximately today's Liaoning Province), with the capital at Wujing (now Ji County, Hebei Province);

General Zang Tu of the Yan State rescued Zhao Yougong and followed Xiang Yu into the Pass. He was named King of Yan and ruled the Yan State (today's Beijing and central and northern Hebei), and established the capital in Ji County (today's southwest of Beijing);

The current King of Qi Tianshi was renamed King of Jiaodong. The fiefdom was Jiaodong (the peninsula area surrounded by the sea to the east, south and north of the Jiaolai Valley in Shandong), and the capital was Jimo (southeast of today's Pingdu, Shandong);

Qi general Tiandu took the initiative to rescue Zhao, followed Xiang Yu into the Pass, and was named King of Qi. His fiefdom was Qi State (today's north and east of Shandong Province), and his capital was Linzi (today's east of Linzi, Shandong Province);

Tian An, the grandson of Tian Jian, the former King of Qi, once brought several cities in Jibei (the jurisdiction is equivalent to today's Dezhou, Shandong, east of Chiping, Dongping, Tai'an, north of Laiwu, Zouping, west of Xinyang, and Cangzhou, south of Haixing, Hebei Province) to submit to Xiang Yu.

, was named King of Jibei and ruled Jibei

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In the north, the capital was established in Boyang (now southeast of Tai'an, Shandong);

Although Chen Yu, Lord of Cheng'an, abandoned his general's seal and did not follow Xiang Yu into the Pass, he had a reputation as a virtuous man and had made great contributions to the State of Zhao. Xiang Yu heard that he was living in seclusion in Nanpi (now Nanpi, Hebei Province), so he sent Nanpi and other three

The county capital granted him a seal;

Fan Jun Wu Rui's general Mei Yi made great contributions and was granted the title of 100,000 marquises.

The Prime Minister of Qi, Guo Tian Rong, was also a figure, but because he was not interested in Xiang Liang, he did not send reinforcements and refused to lead troops into the pass with Xiang Yu, so he did not give any rewards. Even his nephew was transferred to Jiaodong.

Many things can be seen from this enfeoffment.

First, for Liu Bang, the enfeoffment of the three demoted generals was to solve the hidden danger of Liu Bang and firmly control Guanzhong. Liu Bang set out from Pengcheng. He himself is a southerner, and most of his subordinates are also from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Henan. He cannot go back to his hometown.

That's it, who wants to go to Bashu? If you die there, your soul will never be able to return to your hometown. Conferring Liu Bang to Bashu will obviously have a big impact on Liu Bang's military morale and morale.

Zhang Han, Sima Xin, and Dong Yi were all officials of the Qin Dynasty, and Qin people governed Qin. No one can say that Xiang Yu was unfair when he used Qin people to govern Qin in Guanzhong. But after all, these three people harmed twenty

Thousands of his disciples were killed and one of the main culprits of Qin's destruction. Xiang Yu burned, killed and plundered in Xianyang. The Qin people had long been resentful of the coalition of princes and hated the

These three traitors hated them even more. In this way, if Zhang Han and the other three wanted to gain a foothold in Guanzhong, they had to rely on Xiang Yu's support and had to obey Xiang Yu and obey his orders. At the same time, three points in Guanzhong, and

It can prevent one person from becoming dominant and becoming a hidden danger. Therefore, although Xiang Yu did not occupy Guanzhong, he actually had it in his pocket.

Second, for the new and old aristocrats and separatist forces other than Liu Bang, Zhang Han and others, Xiang Yu used the method of suppressing the old aristocrats and appeasing the new forces. He transferred the deep-rooted old aristocratic separatist forces out of their respective territories and replaced them with emerging forces close to him.

.This greatly reduced the power of the old nobles and lost their threat. It also allowed the forces close to them to taste the sweetness and become more obedient. At the same time, it also created conflicts among the princes, making them attack each other and resentful, and unable to pose a threat to Xiang Yu.

Third, the establishment of feudal vassals and fiefs was also based on the principle of mutual restraint to prevent the sudden rise of a certain vassal.

Of course, this is all Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng's wishful thinking. The final result of this enfeoffment is: those who may cause harm to Xiang Yu will be suppressed, excluded, and thrown into the bones for them to chew; those who obey Xiang Yu's orders will be able to

Have a mouthful of broth to drink.

Xiang Yu's wishful thinking was good. But, can his rewards really satisfy the pro-Chu forces? Are the suppressed princes really willing to be bullied?

Xiang Yu created too many contradictions, but had no ability to control them. The temporary alliance of the world to fight against Qin ended, and the prelude to the great melee among the princes quietly began.

It’s another time of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period when various countries competed for hegemony.

It is sad that wherever the Qin and Han Dynasties traveled, thousands of palaces and palaces were made of earth. When they prospered, the people suffered; when they died, the people suffered.

-------"Shanshan Sheep·Tong Caring about Ancient Times" by Zhang Yanghao of the Yuan Dynasty
Chapter completed!