In the one hundred years after Guan Zhong, another minister of Qi State appeared who could be as famous as him. He was Yan Ying. Yan Ying was born in the troubled times of Qi State, and successively assisted Qi Linggong and Zhuanggong.

, the three generations of Jinggong monarchs experienced civil strife in the two courts of Cui Zhu and Qingfeng.

In the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, wars continued, and the Jin State, which was once the leader of the alliance, wanted to launch an attack on the Qi State. Previously, in order to have a more detailed grasp of the situation in the Qi State, the Jin State sent its official Fan Zhao to the capital of Qi State. Qi Jinggong hosted a banquet in honor of Fan Zhao

, after three rounds of wine and five dishes, Fan Zhao took advantage of his drunkenness and asked Qi Jinggong to toast him a glass of wine. Qi Jinggong ordered the attendant next to him to pass the wine from his own cup to Fan Zhao, who took the wine and drank it down in one gulp.

This scene was seen in Yan Ying's eyes. When Fan Zhao finished drinking, Yan Ying immediately shouted loudly: "Throw this cup away quickly. How can the emperor and his ministers exchange cups? This is not in line with etiquette. This is against me."

The Lord is extremely disrespectful!" The reason why Fan Zhao did this was indeed to test the reaction of the people of Qi. Unexpectedly, Yan Ying discovered this conspiracy.

After Fan Zhao returned home, he reported to Duke Ping of Jin that it was not the best time to attack Qi State. Qi State had such smart and wise ministers as Yan Ying, and if he sent troops rashly, he would not be sure of victory. After careful consideration, Duke Ping of Jin felt that

Fan Zhao made sense and gave up his plan to attack Qi. This is the allusion of "Zhe Chong Zun Zu".

Yan Ying's diplomatic wisdom goes beyond this. During a visit to Chu, Yan Ying walked into the arranged post and had a heated debate with the Chu ministers who came to greet him. The minister of Chu took the lead in attacking Yan Ying: "

I don’t understand something. Since the founding of the Qi State, it has tens of thousands of soldiers and riches, and has become a big country that no one can underestimate. But why was it that only Qi Huangong dominated the Central Plains for a while, but now he can no longer lead the princes? I think

With your ingenuity, Prime Minister Yan, it is more than enough for Qi to rise again, but now you have formed an alliance with Chu, which I really don’t understand."

Yan Ying replied: "Those who know the current affairs are heroes. Since the emperor of the Zhou Dynasty was ousted, the princes and countries have been fighting for years. The reason why our country of Qi can dominate the Central Plains is mainly God's will, followed by human factors. Moreover, Duke Wen of Jin is so talented and has a rough strategy.

People have also had the experience of fleeing; Duke Mugong of Qin was the lord of Xirong, and his national power was at its peak. Unfortunately, his descendants did not have people who were civilized, Taoist, and military strategists, so the national power gradually weakened."

"Your Chu State, King Chuzhuang, has often been harassed by Wu and Jin, and has been dragged down by wars all year round. Is it only our Qi State that is weak? Today's alliance with your Chu State is only for the purpose of friendly exchanges with neighboring countries. As a

How could a minister of the Chu State ask such an unqualified question?"

The lower official was speechless, and the upper official asked unconvincedly: "The civil strife in Qi continues, and many ministers died for the king. However, as a dignified prime minister, you neither punished the rebellious ministers and traitors nor sacrificed your country's will for the king.

Don’t you feel so ashamed?”

Yan Ying retorted sharply: "These are just small details. Those who achieve great things cannot stick to small details. To lay down one's life for the monarch, first of all, the monarch must die for the country and the country. If the monarch is a fatuous and debauched person, why should the ministers sacrifice their lives for it?"

Death? In my opinion, those who died were extremely stupid. The reason why I remained calm was not because I was greedy for power, but to stay to welcome the new king and Mingzhu. If everyone leaves the court, who will assist them?

New king, who will revitalize the country? Civil strife has happened in any country, but doesn’t it happen in your country of Chu?"

The doctor had nothing to say. At this time, someone came out and said: "Since ancient times, all people in the world have been very handsome, but you, Yan Xiangguo, are short and thin. You are just a talkative lobbyist with no real ability. You can deceive the world and steal your reputation."

Don’t you feel shameful?”

"The hammer is small but weighs a thousand gold, and the oar is long but is flooded. King Zhou of Shang Dynasty has a majestic appearance, but he is the king of subjugation. Although I am not more capable than them, I am ashamed of my position. I am not quarreling with you for words.

When you ask me a question, do you want me to keep silent?"

Yan Ying's answers one after another made the other party at a loss. Yan Ying was quick-witted, eloquent, and an excellent diplomat. Within the court, Yan Ying was a benevolent minister. He repeatedly gave advice to the king of Qi.

, assisting the monarch in managing the government affairs. Qi Ling Gong, Qi Zhuang Gong and Qi Jin Gong all trusted him very much. Sima Qian compared him to Guan Zhong in "Historical Records".

Your Majesty Yan Ying

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A scholar loves the people like a son. He advocated Guan Zhong's "If you want to change the world and bring peace to the world, you must start with loving the people." Yan Ying insisted that "there is no intention more than caring for the people, and no action is more generous than happy people." Once encountering a major disaster, Yan Ying will

Yan Ying would distribute food from his family to the victims and suggested to the monarch to release food for disaster relief. Therefore, Yan Ying was deeply loved by the people.

In the war-torn era of the Spring and Autumn Period, Yan Ying was a representative figure of the peace faction. The State of Qi was preparing to attack the State of Lu. He advised Qi Jinggong to "please be courteous to Lu to appease my resentment and leave his stubbornness to clarify my virtue." Qi Jinggong finally

Chen Jian accepted Yan Ying's advice and did not send troops to Lu.

Yan Ying is a veteran of the three dynasties of Qi State. He is upright, honest and honest. In managing the country, he has always followed the concept of "Integrity is the foundation of government and the master of virtue". He never seeks personal gain for his own people, and he never

He did not accept gifts from his subordinates, and sometimes even gave his own salary to the people who were living in poverty. Yan Ying lived a simple life, and his diet was mainly simple meals. His clothes were all "cloth clothes" and his residence was very simple.

The city is close to Qiu Pass and the bustle is noisy. It is not a place to live.

Yan Ying had a modest personality. Confucius said of him: "Don't take what you think is right, refute what others think wrong, speak modestly to avoid blame, this is a righteous man!" It can be seen that he is modest and generous. Yan Ying is optimistic by nature and indifferent to fame and fortune.

, has an indifferent attitude towards death. He believes that people will always die, no matter you are a treacherous villain or a gentleman; no matter you are a poor commoner or a high-ranking official, death is the final outcome. Birth, old age, sickness and death are a natural law. Therefore, you can live in a limited time.

In Yan Ying's opinion, doing more things for the country, the country, and the people is the most meaningful thing.

Later generations wrote "Yan Zi Chun Qiu" for Yan Ying. This book records Yan Ying's thoughts, words and deeds during the Spring and Autumn Period. It is the earliest collection of short words and deeds in my country. The content of the book mainly records the dialogue between Yan Ying and the king of Qi. As well as what happened during his administration, the language is vivid and concise, showing the image of Yan Ying very vividly. Most of the fables in the book center on Yan Ying, with complete plots, obvious themes, and strong irony. It will be of great help and inspiration to future generations in terms of foreign exchanges and conduct.

Sima Ranju was originally named Tian and was a descendant of Tian Wan. During the reign of Duke Jin of Qi, Jin and Yan sent troops to invade Qi's cities respectively. Jin attacked Zhencheng and Dong'a of Qi, while Yan sent troops to invade Qi.

The territory is located on the south bank of the Yellow River. Facing the incoming enemy, the Qi army was retreating steadily. Qi Jinggong was particularly worried about this because he did not have a general who could command thousands of troops.

At this time, Prime Minister Yan Ying recommended Tian Rangju, a civilian, to Qi Jinggong. Yan Ying said: "Although Tian Rangju comes from a humble background, he is civilized and military, and can make the entire army accept his command, and can make the enemy feel for him."

Fear. I hope you can reuse him." Qi Jinggong felt that the person recommended by Yan Ying should be right, so he issued an edict to summon Tian Ranju. During the conversation, Qi Jinggong and Tian Ranju discussed military and state affairs together, and Tian Ranju talked eloquently and analyzed the affairs of the world.

He was so accurate and thorough that Qi Jinggong was very happy, and he immediately made him a general and led the army to fight against Jin and Yan. Seeing that Qi Jun valued himself so much, Tian Ruoju said modestly: "My status is very humble, and I suddenly became a general."

, the position is higher than that of a doctor. I don’t think I can convince the public in the army, and the people will also be suspicious of it. If I don’t establish authority in the army, it will be difficult for the entire army to unite, so I am not completely sure of winning.

Victory in the war.”

Qi Jinggong said: "Then what do you want to do?"

Tian Rujue said: "I hope you can send a favorite minister as my supervisor, so that we can go out on an expedition." In fact, this is in line with Qi Jinggong's wishes. He sent one of his confidants to the army.

Maintaining the monarch's prestige in the army can, secondly, serve as his own spy and report back on the situation in the army. So Qi Jinggong readily agreed to Tian Ranju and sent his favorite Zhuang Jia to supervise the army.

After bidding farewell to Qi Jinggong, Tian Ranju found Zhuang Jia and agreed with him on the time and place to meet the next day. On the next day, Tian Ranju came to the military gate that had been arranged earlier and set up a wooden watch for timing.

and a clepsydra, specially used to wait for Zhuang Jia. This Zhuang Jia usually relied on being favored by Qi Jinggong to be arrogant and domineering. This time, he did not take the position of supervisor of the army seriously and thought that he was the leader of the army.

As the leader, everyone must listen to him. So before leaving, Zhuang Jia drank and had fun with his relatives and friends who saw him off, and suddenly became

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Forgot about time.

At noon, when Tian Ruoju saw that Zhuang Jia had not arrived yet, he angrily kicked the clepsydra to pieces, knocked down the wooden watch, returned to the military camp to inspect, rectify the army, and made many military regulations on the spot. When all preparations were completed, the sky also turned dark.

When it got dark, Zhuang Jia calmly arrived in front of the military gate. Tian Ranju asked him why he came so late. Zhuang Jia disdainfully explained that it was relatives and friends who came to see him off, so he was delayed. Tian Ranju said sharply: "

As a general of the army, from the moment he receives the order, he must forget personal friendships, family and all matters that hinder the march. Military orders come first. Once there is a battle, he must even forget his own life."

"Nowadays, Jin and Yan are constantly harassing our Qi territory and are about to penetrate deep into the country's borders. Moreover, the domestic unrest has not yet been calmed down. The soldiers on the front line have been fighting bloody battles for a long time. The monarch cannot eat or sleep, and the people of the country are worried.

Life depends on us, how can it be delayed just because your relatives and friends are seeing you off?" After that, Tian Juanju called Jun Zheng over and asked him what military law stipulates as punishment for latecomers. Jun Zheng said: "They should be beheaded.

." After hearing this, Zhuang Jia was very frightened and sent someone to report to Qi Jinggong quickly to save his life. However, before the messenger could come back, Tian Ranju beheaded Zhuang Jia in accordance with military law. When he saw Tian Ranju beheading the monarch's imperial concubine,

Supervising the army, the three armies were shocked.

Not long after, the messenger who delivered the message came back, holding Qi Jinggong's pardon and death warrant in his hand, and drove a carriage into the military camp. Rangju said: "The general is in the army, and your orders are not obeyed."

Then he asked Jun Zheng: "Driving a carriage at high speed in the military camp privately. How is this stipulated in the military law?" Jun Zheng said: "The military law stipulates that you should be executed." The envoy was very frightened after hearing this, but Tian Juanju said: "He

He is a messenger sent by the monarch and cannot be killed." So he beheaded the driver of the carriage, killed the horse on the far left, and cut off a standing tree on the left side of the carriage. This behavior shocked all the soldiers.

Tian Rangju ordered the envoy to go back and report to Qi Jinggong, and then the large group of troops began to march towards the front line.

During the march of the army, Tian Ruoju cared deeply for all the officers and soldiers. When the soldiers set up camp, he would do what he did with them. When the soldiers dug wells and set up stoves, he would fetch water and light fires for them. Some soldiers fell ill during the march.

When it comes to diseases, he not only inquires about them, but also specially arranges medical staff to take care of them and arrange medicine. In short, Tian Ruoju will personally take care of every big and small matter in the army and comfort others. Not only that, Tian Ruoju is also selfless, and he often treats himself

All the distributed food was used to entertain the sick, injured and meritorious soldiers. He ate very little food every day and had no special privileges. He distributed food evenly like the soldiers. Therefore, Tian Zhuju was highly supported by the majority of officers and soldiers in the army.

On this day, the entire army was ready to go to war. Even the sick soldiers were asked to go to the battlefield together and fight bravely for the country. The Jin army saw the Qi army fighting bravely and with high morale, and had to retreat. Yan understood

When the Qi army had such a wise and powerful commander, they ordered the troops to retreat north of the Yellow River. Tian Juanju ordered his officers and soldiers to pursue the Yan army with all their strength. After several battles, the Qi army regained the previously lost territory and returned in triumph.

Before the troops returned to the capital, Tian Ruoju lifted the state of war readiness, canceled the previously formulated regulations and orders, and swore an alliance before entering the capital. After receiving the news of the complete victory on the front line, Qi Jinggong was overjoyed. He led the civil and military personnel

The officials came outside the city to greet the army, arranged the most solemn welcome ceremony for them, and rewarded the soldiers of the three armies.

When Qi Jinggong returned to the palace, he specially received Tian Ranju and named him Grand Sima. Later, people respectfully called Tian Ranju Sima Ranju.

The status of the Tian family became more and more prominent in Qi State day by day, which aroused the jealousy of other clans. The Gao family, Bao family, Guo family and other tribes maliciously slandered Tian Rangju in front of Qi Jinggong, which caused a very bad influence. Qi Jinggong

After listening to the slander, Tian Juanju was dismissed from his official position. Tian Juanju became depressed and died of illness.

Later, King Wei of Qi sent officials to study various "Sima's Art of War" created from ancient times to the present, summarized them together, and added the art of war established by Tian Ranju, into a book called "Sima Ranju's Art of War". Sima Qian

In "Historical Records", he highly praised "Sima's Art of War" and believed that it was grand, broad and unfathomable.
Chapter completed!