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spnThe Battle of Jinzhou went extremely smoothly. The People's Army used its overwhelmingly superior heavy weapons and superior air force to suppress and destroy it first. The Japanese army suffered heavy losses from the beginning of the battle, from the airport to the artillery positions, from fortifications to personnel.

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Due to the considerable accumulation in Jinzhou before the start of the battle, and the good traffic capacity of the Beijing-Jinzhou section of the railway, the Jinzhou battle, which only took two months to prepare, achieved the results of a major battle in a short period of time.

The frontline troops of nearly two Japanese divisions were surrounded by four main divisions that followed the heavy armored brigades and crossed the defense line, as well as the nearly 100,000 old Northeast Army regiments that launched an attack from the front.

After pursuing for a period of time, the heavy armored brigade also encountered many problems, so it was ordered to turn back and participate in dividing and surrounding the Japanese army. As a result, with the help of this heavy armored brigade, the surrounded Japanese army once again misrepresented and suffered bad news.

The Japanese troops of more than 50,000 people in two divisions were passed through again and again by heavy armored brigades and infantry units. The final result was that the two divisions were cut into tofu cubes and divided into many parts.

Faced with the encirclement of hundreds of thousands of Japanese troops, small groups of Japanese troops began to surrender in an organized manner.[

After all, compared with the Tianjin-Beijing battlefield and the early stage of the Jinzhou battle, the Japanese army, which was not afraid of death, lacked a little fighting spirit.

Because, in the early days of the Jinzhou Campaign after the September 18th Incident and the early days of the Tianjin-Beijing Battle, the Japanese army from top to bottom extremely despised the [Chinese] Japanese Army and had a must-win mentality towards the [Chinese] Japanese Army.

, In this case, "people can easily burst out with top fighting power. Because" at this time, even if they die in battle, they can still win.

However, it was different when the battle progressed to the Second Battle of Jinzhou.

First, 100,000 Japanese troops were annihilated in the Tianjin-Beijing Battle, then Jinzhou was not captured for more than a year, and then they were covered by firepower from a large artillery group. Although the Japanese troops on these lines of defense did not necessarily suffer heavy losses, some were even shelled.

None of them suffered. After all, they were not on the main breakthrough stage of the People's Army. "But the curtain of defeat fell from the sky and hung over everyone's heads. Victory can be achieved." Then, perhaps gritting his teeth, he thought to himself

With the "Japanese Sakura" Emperor and his parents, wives and children, the Japanese army was also able to initiate a charge.

However, if death cannot bring victory, but can only result in broken jade, then the task of breaking jade may have to be handed over to some officers." Not all ordinary soldiers are determined to die in battle.

During the three-day siege, the Japanese army had no food or water. They drank water from the tunnels and "could hold on at first." But when they became unbearably thirsty and hungry, they discovered that something was falling from the sky.

“On the third day, when everyone, including the squadron leader, was so hungry that their vision was blurred, the [Chinese] people dropped rice balls, water and a Japanese letter urging surrender from a plane. From that moment on, we could no longer restrain the troops.

"

This is a diary written by a Japanese prisoner of war in a prisoner of war camp. It was also on the third day that the People's Army Air Force airdropped tens of thousands of pieces of paper persuading them to surrender, allowing these people to lay down their weapons and launch a sneak attack.

After all, "they occupy long trenches and tunnel fortifications, and the People's Army does not want to dig moles into the trenches to clean up these debris." It also wants these devils to taste the feeling of being forced into a desperate situation, so before surrendering the letter of persuasion

At the same time, it also gave them hope~rice balls.

"In order to set an example for the Japanese troops in the Northeast battlefield, and to make the Japanese put down their dirty heads and surrender, Major General Chen Jun and I agreed that the Japanese troops should be persuaded to surrender. Coincidentally," this small application to temporarily change the combat plan As soon as I arrived at the military headquarters, I actually received the written approval from Chairman Zhang..."

Zhang Xueliang said this when facing the news media as the commander-in-chief of the Northeast Theater Command.

Next, the People's Army quickly advanced and drove the Japanese troops from Jinzhou to Shenyang.

Although Shenyang is not a battleground for military strategists throughout the ages, in the eyes of the Japanese, it is more important than anything else.

For no other reason, you just need to look at the map. Shenyang is located in the south of the entire Northeast region. Its original geographical location is not too surprising, but it is only about 70 kilometers away from North Korea. It is a city that straddles North Korea and Once this "important town in the Northeast" is lost, the [Chinese] Army can put aside other parts of the Northeast and choose to break into the Sino-North Korean border with a large army, completely cutting off the Japanese army's retreat, and putting the entire Japanese army in the Northeast into an urn and slowly cleaning it up. .This is why, when the Japanese army invaded Northeast China, they had to capture Shenyang no matter what.

Due to Shenyang's extremely important strategic location, the struggling Japanese army continued to mobilize troops from various parts of the Northeast, such as Changchun, Harbin, and Dalian to support Shenyang, and even landed four more divisions urgently transferred from the country from the direction of North Korea, including the original The entire Shenyang war zone has gathered the huge force of the Nine Today's Army Division. The nearly 200,000 Japanese troops "are already the largest force that Japan has mobilized to the Shenyang war zone in a short period of time."

Zhang Shusheng is quite clear about the development of the war. He knows that it is not that the Japanese army does not want to mobilize more troops. The Japanese army's current financial situation is far less than that of the World War II after frantic preparations. In the early 1930s, the main divisions of the Japanese army were divided into two The main categories, draft horse divisions and draft horse divisions, are just some first-class divisions and second-class divisions added to the 17 standing divisions. The total strength of today's army in 1933 is only thirty Multiple divisions.

On the [Chinese] battlefield, starting from the September 18th Incident, the losses on the two battlefields of Jinzhou and Beijing-Tianjin were particularly heavy. Including the bombed and sunk transport ships and the loss of soldiers, the total losses exceeded the Eighth Division, and basically all of them were The most elite divisions, nearly 200,000 elite Japanese troops. On this basis, excluding the Japanese troops in Taiwan, the standing Japanese troops in Korea, and the local troops, the Japanese army will not be able to mobilize many troops to China. Where to go? Gathering nearly 200,000 elite Japanese troops to prepare for a crucial battle with China over the fate of the Northeast is already Japan's last-ditch effort.

If this battle is successful, China will lose the strength and opportunity to regain the Northeast in the short term. If it fails, the Japanese army will be completely defeated.

Therefore, from the beginning, Shenyang was destined to stage a second battle between China and Japan. "And it was a hasty battle." The two sides estimated that there would be an army of 600,000 to 700,000 people fighting in the Shenyang war zone.[

After the Battle of Shenyang entered a period of accumulation for both sides, the Northeast temporarily became quiet. While the Japanese army was shrinking from various parts of the Northeast to major cities, it was forcing arsenals across the Northeast to start construction, using factories on Chinese soil to produce murderous weapons. , while conducting assault training on Japanese expatriates and preparing to issue weapons in case of unforeseen circumstances.

The Northeast became quiet for a while.

During the Northeast War, throughout August 1933, the country was in red.

The 400,000 people of the country who were full of energy burst out with unprecedented enthusiasm for construction. They survived the heavy oppression of three mountains and partially repelled the Japanese invasion, and then looked forward to the founding of the new China. This

At that time, they were the most enthusiastic and simple and hard-working workers. As long as the "government" organized and guided them, they could actively participate in the infrastructure construction projects in various parts of New China.

Across the country, infrastructure construction such as road transportation and water conservancy projects is in full swing, as well as the preliminary construction of some resource-based factories, mines, oil and gas fields.

In this way, the "government" not only provides an urgent labor opportunity for the large number of poor and lower-middle peasants who have gone bankrupt or are about to go bankrupt, but also lays the foundation for the large-scale economic construction that will be carried out next.

Factories cannot be built in a day, let alone thousands of factories can be built with just a few clicks. Systematic industrial layout and regional economic planning need to be strictly implemented step by step from the central government to the local government. Only in this way can we

To ensure that the vigorous economic construction of New China will not go astray and will not turn from large-scale construction to the Great Leap Forward. Starting from the basic industrial chain, we can improve regional demand, regional advantages and resource supply, etc.

Find a balance point. For example

In areas rich in mineral resources, in addition to improving transportation, more chemical plants, mines and other ancillary industries need to be built. According to the characteristics of resource-intensive industries, the layout and planning should be unified. And places with extremely advantageous geographical locations, such as the southeastern coast and Guangxi

Along the coast, some cutting-edge medium and high-level production and processing enterprises and high-tech industries will be intensively deployed. In addition, the construction of some economic circles will also be put on the agenda, and the supporting education and scientific research industries for this purpose will also keep up.

In the preliminary planning, the Bohai Rim Economic Circle with Beijing, Tianjin and Tang Dynasty as the core, the Yangtze River Delta Economic Circle with Han, Shanghai, Ningbo and Hangzhou as the core (Han, Beijing and other three places), and the Pearl River Delta Economic Circle with Guangzhou, Fujian, Hong Kong and Macao as the core

, the Western Economic Circle with Cheng, Yi, and Chongqing as its core. The four economic circles will play the role of four economic and industrial giants in the near future, stirring up the economy of the entire new China.

Among the four major economic circles, Chengdu-Yi-Chongqing will receive special emphasis on construction. Relying on the planned seaport of Myanmar as the leader, the entire Cheng-Yi-Chongqing economic circle seems to be the most remote in geographical location, but in fact it has the entire southwest and northwest and even central and central China.

With the support of parts of the northern region, and in the future, by seizing Myanmar's seaport and building the China-Myanmar Railway, which is the main artery to the sea, it will have no less advantages than the southeastern coast, especially in terms of trade with Europe, and will play a more significant role.

When Zhang Shusheng made this decision, he took into account some "lessons for future generations" and unreasonable economic planning, and prematurely asked a very small number of areas to drive the majority of backward areas to become rich. As a result, the places that should be rich became rich.

The areas that should be brought to prosperity have become provinces where migrant workers are exported.

They do not enjoy much of the fruits of economic construction, but instead suffer the cold eyes of some classes in developed areas while making money with their hard work. Therefore, while occupying various advantages, they also have huge administrative advantages. As a result, the gap between the east and the west is getting wider and wider.

The bigger. As the saying goes, the east is catching up with Europe and the United States, but the central and western regions are being overtaken by Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Of course, he also knows that as a backward economy, the advantages of transportation and geographical location are extremely huge in the early stages of economic development. However, the demand for foreign trade in the "new China" is not particularly large for the time being, and the coastal layout

It has paid enough attention to its future development potential, and at the same time, it has partially learned from Soviet Russia and focused on taking the path of internal economic construction. This has laid a solid foundation. Only in the future era of high-speed global trade will it have something to offer.

Moreover, "in Zhang Shusheng's plan, Myanmar will be a place that must be won. The short-term needs of the new [China] country are very simple, that is, a shortcut to the Indian Ocean. Only this shortcut is opened, and in the process of comprehensive industrialization

After this is basically completed, the new China will be able to engage in an all-round confrontation with the economic giants of the United States and Europe. At that time, "the east and the west each have their own advantages." With a relatively balanced industrial layout and education and scientific research layout, the integration of the east and west will focus on the whole world.

〖China〗 Only with the economic development momentum of China's strength can we move forward.

In addition to the blazing "national infrastructure construction" and the great victory in Jinzhou, the new China's ongoing grand march only has two directions in the west.

At this time, the troops entering Xinjiang have not even left Gansu. Not to mention the time spent in Shaanxi, Gansu alone is an 1,800-kilometer-long east-west corridor." Along the way, they also need to deter and capture some local illegal ethnic armed forces. The march speed

One can imagine.

The troops entering Tibet in this way have attracted widespread attention from the Chinese people. A private newspaper in southwest China, "Huaxia Express", is known for adhering to the Han nationality's stance. This time it used a very large headline to report on the march into Tibet: "Heavenly Army"

"Go to Tibet"

The march route of the troops entering Tibet was along the northern route of the Sichuan-Tibet line of the Tea Horse Road. Although this road is also extremely difficult and dangerous, it is the best road from Sichuan to Tibet. Due to the Sichuan products in Ya'an and other places,

The tea area has a good harvest. Since the establishment of the tea system in the Song Dynasty, merchants have used small packhorses to transport tea, cloth, salt and ceramic utensils along either the dead roads in the mountain streams or the paths cut out of the cliffs.

"Hide out of hiding, take goods with you" in exchange for horses and other items that are in great demand in the southwestern hilly areas. This route is called the Sichuan-Tibet Road, passing through Ya'an, Yingjing, Hanyuan, Luding, and Kangding, and then

After exiting the customs, pass through Daofu, Luhuo, Ganzi, Dege, and cross the Jinsha River to enter Tibet.

Starting from Ya'an, Zhuge Sheng's troops will march along the established route from Ya'an to Kangding to Qamdo to Linzhi and Lhasa.

Due to several days of rainy weather along the way, the marching speed of the troops was greatly affected. It was almost over in early August, and they had only reached the Tibetan area in northern Sichuan and had not yet entered the real Tibet.

It was already evening at this time, but a long dragon with no head visible lit up on the dark mountainside. The Tibetans on the distant hills looked at it and were frightened, thinking that it was a monster coming out to find food, and they hid one after another.

At home, close the door and prevent children from looking around curiously.

This long dragon is the troops marching into Tibet in the evening.

While the troops were marching, Zhuge Sheng and Tiesangan led the military to the guard and stopped in a cave dug into a cliff. The guards were boiling water to make tea, while Zhuge Sheng looked outside the cave.

"March" Tiesan Ganze chatted with several Tibetan guides.

The previous road was slightly better, but once we passed the boundary of Litang, the terrain became extremely difficult to walk." Just like the road under your feet now, it is basically a road cut out from the cliff halfway, with two sides.

It seemed a bit crowded for the soldiers to pass side by side, and the mules and horses used to walking on mountain roads had to be careful about making mistakes.[

Zhuge Sheng looked at the troops passing by outside the cave and secretly thought that the Sichuan-Tibet Road was much more difficult than the Shu Road. If the Shu Road was as difficult as going up to heaven, then the Ancient Tea Horse Road would be as difficult as coming down from the sky.

"Report to the commander, the water is boiling."

Hearing the guard's shout, Zhuge Sheng patted the dust on his body and turned around, took the can of Pu'er tea from the guard's chest, then made a few small cups of tea, picked up a cup himself, and delivered it to

It was in the hands of the oldest old man among several Tibetan guides.

"Mr. Danba, this journey has been really difficult for you. "Thank you for your hard work. Please drink tea. This is the authentic Pu'er tea I brought from Yunnan." Haha." Mr. Danba is a Tibetan celebrity in Litang.

Tang County

Although it is not as big as some towns in Sichuan, there are a lot of Tibetans. This old man from Danba was used to walking on the Tea Horse Road in his early years. He is "well-informed" and can speak Chinese. He is also very open-minded, even though he is almost sixty years old.

, but two years earlier

He was still doing business and had just given up his responsibility and became the leader of a local Tibetan village. When the large army passed by Litang County, they picked up two Tibetan Bayi who were oppressing the Tibetans and rescued the imprisoned civilians.

After dividing the land, Mr. Danba realized that the previously rumored new "government" was indeed true. It "makes decisions for the people, does not discriminate or suppress ethnic minorities, and also respects the customs and habits of ethnic minorities." The army entered Litang and was actually able to do this.

Mistakenly.

The old man was used to Sichuan and Tibet and knew that this was a heavenly army that could make a difference and could bring a truly happy life to the Han and Tibetans, so he took the initiative to volunteer and lead the team of businessmen in the village as guides. They

He can speak some Chinese, can communicate at a basic level, and is familiar with the road, which can help the army eliminate many problems in communicating with the Tibetan people. In comparison, he is much better than the few Tibetan guides hired by the army before.
To be continued...