"I'll tell you to the Taoist priest." Chen Wanrong began to explain in detail: "To make good medicine, diethyl ether is needed, and to get diethyl ether, sulfuric acid is needed..."

Zheng Qing interrupted him: "Wait first. I have to remember such an important thing. To do this, it takes a lot of people. If you go to Beidi, please ask the Taoist priest to teach you and organize a copy."

"Miaomiao!" Chen Wanrong and Sima Chengzhen praised at the same time.

Sulfuric acid is known as the mother of industry and has a wide range of uses. It is only one of the uses for making artemisinin. It can also be used for printing and dyeing, and for preparing smokeless explosives. Its use is a monograph with a wide range of uses. It can be said that starting with sulfuric acid, the next one is a systematic project, which requires so many people, and it is very necessary to cultivate it well.

He found paper and pen, spread it on the table, Qing'e helped grind the ink, Zheng Qing held the pen in her hand, and looked at Chen Wanrong: "You can say it."

Chen Wanrong thought for a moment and said, "Let's talk about making ether first. My wife has prepared this with me, and the requirements are not high. Just be careful that the raw materials must not be filled with water, otherwise there will be a divergent reaction. The so-called divergent reaction is a side reaction. Taoist master is very skilled in medical skills. When he knows that some medicines are treated, some discomfort symptoms are some of the drugs, which are the side effects brought by the drug. The divergent reaction is similar. If the divergent reaction is too violent, the dielectric ether will be obtained too little."

With such a metaphor, Sima Chengzhen immediately understood and nodded, "How to make the raw materials not carry water? According to my opinion, it is very difficult to prevent the raw materials from bringing water."

After spending so long with Chen Wanrong, Sima Chengzhen's vision was broader and his knowledge was much broader. This was a critical point.

Chen Wanrong admired his reaction: "The Taoist Master is very sensible, and he asked the point as soon as he came. This is not difficult, there are many methods, but we can not use much now. It depends on zeolites, burn the zeolite, let it cool, and then put it in sulfuric acid and alcohol to absorb water. Zeolites can be used repeatedly, and repeated for a certain number of times to get raw materials without water."

Zheng Qing added: "The zeolite no longer absorbs water, which means it becomes dry, which proves that there is no water in the raw materials." Thinking of the fact that she and Chen Wanrong were doing chemical engineering while developing their relationship, they couldn't help but feel sweet.

Chen Wanrong then explained: "Put the treated alcohol and sulfuric acid into the equipment, add a little zeolite, and heat it to prepare ether. At this time, the zeolite is used to absorb the moisture generated during the reaction. This process is very simple, and there is an important point. The temperature must be controlled well. If the temperature is not controlled well, a divergence reaction will occur. Fortunately, now that the thermometer is made, it is not difficult to control the temperature."

After Kou Yibing's efforts during this period, he made the thermometer over and over again, and finally he became more and more experienced. The thermometer was so satisfactory that Chen Wanrong was satisfied.

Temperature is one of the most important parameters in chemical production. With a thermometer, temperature control is much easier. This is a major improvement and is no less effective than the development of chemical vectorization.

Sima Chengzhen listened very carefully and nodded: "My friend, what else is there to be important?"

"Yes!" Chen Wanrong reminded: "Ether is harmful to people. If it is inhaled too much, it will kill people. Use it in moderation to anesthetize, which is better than Mafei San. It is best to use bone junction to heal injuries and can reduce people's pain."

"There is such a wonderful use?" Sima Chengzhen was both a little disbelief and excited: "I understand that you must be very careful when preparing and preserving ether."

Chen Wanrong admired his understanding very much. He also talked about some things that need to be paid attention to in the preparation of diethyl ether. Then he said: "With diethyl ether, you can make good medicine. After picking the stinky artemisia, crush it first, and must be fine, otherwise the extraction efficiency will be low, and then dry it. After drying, soak it with diethyl ether. After soaking, separate and recover the diethyl ether to obtain the crude product. Then refine the crude product, which can be used to treat diseases."

Since the discovery of artemisinin can be used to treat abuse diseases, countries around the world have been rushing to study it, but the most advanced technology is still in our country. After so many years of research, artemisinin extraction methods have emerged one after another, and there are all kinds of them. Chen Wanrong's method is not the best, but it is the most suitable method under the current circumstances.

If there is C-don, the artemisinin produced would be even better. However, where did Chen Wanrong find C-don now, he can only use the characteristics of Artemisinin to be easily soluble in ether to prepare it.

Sima Chengzhen had never heard of this kind of thing, both a surprise and a surprise. No matter what, it is more important to prepare drugs for treating severe cold and fever than anything else, and it is impossible to be unexcited.

Next, there was another detailed guidance. When Sima Chengzhen and Zheng Qing had no problems, Chen Wanrong reminded him: "The important thing is to prevent ether from hurting people. If you can't do it, just use alcohol and save a lot of trouble."

Artemisinin is also easy to soluble in ethanol and can be extracted with alcohol. However, until now, there is no process in this area, so Chen Wanrong insists on using diethyl ether. After all, there are ready-made technologies for using diethyl ether to learn from.

The boiling point of ether is lower than that of alcohol, making it more convenient to recycle. If it really doesn't work, it's OK to use alcohol.

A brief explanation made Sima Chengzhen excited, with a unique brilliance on his face. However, Chen Wanrong's next statement made him even more excited. Chen Wanrong said: "In preparing drugs to treat severe cold and fever, the amount of sulfuric acid is not large..."

When making ether, sulfuric acid is a catalyst, which can be reused and consumes very little.

Sima Chengzhen was overjoyed and said, "That's great! Let's collect some gallbladder and alum, and it can be used as medicine."

Chen Wanrong disagreed with his opinion and said, "Master Taoist, if you only make a pharmaceutical, you can do this. However, sulfuric acid is too widely used. In addition to being used in pharmaceuticals, it can also be used in other aspects. Master Taoist knew that the earliest I made was soap, and to make soap, you need soda ash. Alkalone is easy to use, but it sells too expensive."

"Soap is a good thing, and no one can say anything when it is expensive." Sima Chengzhen didn't care. Anyway, the soap he used now is provided by Chen Wanrong for free, and it has nothing to do with him whether it is expensive or not.

Chen Wanrong shook his head and said, "Soap cleanses the body, which is good for people. If it can be promoted and afforded by the people, wouldn't that be better?"

You should know that in the Tang Dynasty, there were not many cleaning products, and it was common for ordinary people to get skin diseases. Soap has a bactericidal effect and can reduce skin diseases by taking a bath. If it is really something that the people can afford, it is indeed a great merit.

Soap has such a wonderful feature, but it has not been fully promoted in history. Only rich people can afford it. The reason is that it is limited by soda ash. It was not until the soda ash could be artificially synthesized that soda ash was fully popularized and entered the homes of ordinary people.

What Chen Wanrong is going to carry out is a great project, and it is not an exaggeration to praise it no matter how it is.

Sima Chengzhen had the heart to save the world. When he heard this, he couldn't help but agree: "Yes! My friend, how can we promote this?"

"There is only one way, to have more soda ash. With sulfuric acid, you can make more soda ash. With soda ash, you can make more soda ash." Chen Wanrong's words interrupted Zheng Qing, and Zheng Qing said: "Even if the soda ash is solved, the oil is not enough, and you can't make more soda."

Although the living standards of ordinary people in the Tang Dynasty were good, they were not as good as those in modern times. To provide soap that ordinary people could afford, the oil needed was unimaginable. This made a lot of sense, and Sima Chengzhen couldn't help but agree.

Chen Wanrong smiled and said, "When we really reach that point, we can also produce fertilizers and plant more oil crops, will we have more oil? This also requires sulfuric acid. Let's talk about soda ash first. With sulfuric acid, we can make more soda ash, put sulfuric acid and salt together, conduct chemical reactions to produce sodium sulfate.

"Burn sodium sulfate with charcoal and limestone to get black ash. The black ash contains about 40% of the soda ash, soak it in water, concentrate the solution, precipitate and crystallize, and get soda ash. Master Taoist, do you think, can you get more soda ash if you do this?"

This is the famous soda ash made by Lublan. It is divided into three steps. The first step is to mix table salt and sulfuric acid to obtain sodium sulfate. Sodium sulfate is burned with charcoal and limestone, and then it is divided into two reactions. First, sodium sulfate reacts with charcoal to form sodium sulfide and carbon monoxide. Then, sodium sulfide reacts with limestone to form sodium carbonate and calcium sulfide.

The reactants contain black carbon, which is called black ash. Black ash contains 40 to 45% sodium carbonate. Calcium sulfide is insoluble in water. Just soak it in water to obtain a calcium carbonate solution. Then a little separation can obtain soda ash.

The advantage of artificial soda ash is that it has much fewer impurities, higher purity and safer than natural soda ash.

The Lu Bulan method is very famous. The reason why Chen Wanrong is useless is because there is no sulfuric acid. The little sulfuric acid extracted by the alum is not enough at all, so where can it be used to make soda ash?

Now, under the leadership of Chen Wanrong, military surveillance is undergoing tremendous changes. It can be said that the conditions for producing sulfuric acid are met. The creation of sulfuric acid alone is not beneficial to the Tang Dynasty. The most important thing is to find a use for sulfuric acid, so that it can be of great benefit to the Tang Dynasty. This soda ash is a must-create thing.

If you really want to create sulfuric acid, you can create soda ash and then create more soaps. This will benefit countless people. This goal is too grand, and just thinking about it makes people dazzle. After Chen Wanrong said that, no one responded for a long time.

Sima Chengzhen touched his beard with a look of surprise, and his original calm expression disappeared. After a long time, he said in surprise: "If this is the case, this is a great merit!"

He was already surprised enough, and what Chen Wanrong said made him even more surprised: "The sodium sulfate produced by the reaction of sulfuric acid and salt is Glauber's salt. Taoist master is proficient in medical skills. Glauber's salt is a drug and can cure diseases. I won't say much about this."

"Can Glauber's salt be obtained like this?" Sima Chengzhen stood up in surprise.

Glauber's salt can cure diseases. They are picked up from the fields and can be made through manual methods. This is too incredible. Not only Sima Chengzhen was surprised, but Zheng Qing and others, who didn't open their mouths and couldn't even speak?

Seeing their surprise look, Chen Wanrong teased: "Master, don't be surprised, what surprised you are still there."

Sima Chengzhen reacted and couldn't help feeling a little embarrassed and said with a smirk: "My friend is laughing."

Chen Wanrong smiled and said, "The soda ash prepared in this way is just one of the main products, and there are several by-products, which are of great use to us. This can obtain another acid, called hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is like sulfuric acid, and has a wide range of uses. With hydrochloric acid, we can do more. At least, we don't have to use sulfuric acid to analyze the purity of caustic soda."

Hydrochloric acid is a very important acid. Although industrial uses are not as good as sulfuric acid, it is also very broad. The exhaust gas of the soda ash produced by Lublan method is hydrogen chloride, which only needs to be absorbed with water to produce hydrochloric acid.

"If you don't want hydrochloric acid, it doesn't matter, it has other uses." Chen Wanrong continued: "Just treat the exhaust gas a little, you can get chlorine, and then pass it into the lime solution to get bleach. This bleach can be used for papermaking, weaving, and spinning. Of course, there is another wonderful use. The raw water eaten in Chang'an now will make people feel a little uncomfortable and will cause diseases. If you mix this bleach properly, it will be of great benefit to the human body."

The drinking water in Chang'an mainly relies on the nearby "eight waters". In order to solve the drinking water problem in Chang'an, the court built several ditches. This is raw water, which is not treated and will bring bacteria. If bleach is used to sterilize, the people of Chang'an will not have to worry about the diseases caused by drinking water.

The eight waters entered Chang'an, which certainly solved the problem of drinking water. Stale water, rotten water, and smelly water are inevitable. There are many diseases caused by unclean water sources. Sima Chengzhen had heard of them for a long time, and when he heard this, he couldn't help but be overjoyed: "If it really works so well, my friend will have infinite merits! The Immortal Heavenly Lord!"

It's been a long time since I heard his preaching, which shows that he is really happy.

Chen Wanrong finally said: "The black ash can be used. If there is a lime kiln, using the lime exhaust gas to treat the black ash can also obtain sulfur."

The Lubran method was originally used to make soda ash, and the exhaust gas was discharged into the atmosphere and polluted the environment seriously. Later, when he realized this problem, he conducted research and finally made hydrochloric acid.

Some alkali plants can further process it to obtain bleach, a very wide-purpose raw material.

The black charcoal was first directly discarded, and later it was processed to obtain sulfur. After people's efforts, the Lubran method was simply a perfect cycle and obtained many useful raw materials.

Sima Chengzhen was so intoxicated that he was very excited that he kept rubbing his hands and asked, "My friend, how do you get this sulfuric acid? You said, I will do my best."

Although Qingxu and the others' understanding of chemistry is not as good as Sima Chengzhen, after all, they have benefited a lot from following Sima Chengzhen for so many years. They urged them anxiously: "Yes, Lord Chen, please tell me quickly."

"No hurry, no hurry" Chen Wanrong did not satisfy their wish.

Sima Chengzhen completely lost the calm style of a monk and complained: "My friend, you keep such a novelty, but you keep it from worrying about it. Are you deliberately trying to make us anxious?"

"Haha!" Chen Wanrong laughed and said, "Master, don't worry, I will tell you to know. I will go to Beidi for a long time. I want to ask you to help you do it. Of course, you must know it. Before talking about the method of making sulfuric acid, let's talk about the use of sulfuric acid, which is what the Taoist master must work hard to do."

"Oh!" Sima Chengzhen suddenly realized and smiled, "My friend, you are really good, just say it all right? I'm still talking so much, so I'm so anxious."

He was obviously anxious, but he blamed Chen Wanrong. Chen Wanrong did not argue much: "Master, the use of sulfuric acid is too wide. Some uses are of great benefit to China. Please be more careful. What I want to tell the Master now is how to use sulfuric acid as fertilizer. The Master knows that ordinary people need fertilizer to grow crops, and it is generally fertilizer for farmers, and they rely on collecting filth from people and livestock. The problem with this method is obvious, that is, if there are too few people or livestock, the fertilizer will not be enough."

"People live, you can't suffocate to death!" Chen Laoshi plunged in and said excitedly: "When it comes to this kind of crop, I am from mud legs, and I have decades of mud legs, and I still have some experience. Wanrong, Dad, tell you that if you are not fat enough, you can also find a good recipe in the mountains, scratch the ground, and then burn it with firewood. Isn't it that there will be more fat? Wanrong, hasn't your father always taught you how to do this? You have forgotten now? You can't forget your roots even if you become a general!"

He has been a mud-legged man for decades, and he is quite proud of his crops.

This was too inappropriate. Chen Wanrong held back his laughter and asked back: "Dad, you said that the people near Chang'an are too far away from the mountains, so how can they accumulate fat?"

"This?" Chen Laoshi was stunned and immediately smiled: "You can also burn grass roots and straw."

This is also a way to accumulate fat, which means that the fat is limited. Chen Wanrong asked again: "Dad, do you think that the people near Chang'an rely on this kind of fat to accumulate enough?"

For ordinary people, no matter how much fertilizer is accumulated, it is not enough. It is far from enough to just burn some grass roots and straw. Chen Laoshi suddenly had nothing to say, he was stunned for a moment and asked, "Wanrong, do you have any other way?"

"Aren't I talking about this?" Chen Wanrong nodded.

Mrs. Chen came in and said with interest: "Wanrong, you have a way, let us listen. Old man, don't interrupt, let Wanrong talk well."

Chen Houshi said a few times, and then he stopped talking.

Chen Wanrong ignored him and continued: "We all know that there are many kinds of ore, such as iron ore, saltpeter ore, and sulfur ore. In addition to these, there is another kind of ore called phosphate ore. This ore is a good fertilizer. Of course, to be used as fertilizer, it must be processed. Acid is used, and sulfuric acid is formed. Phosphorus ore comes into contact with sulfuric acid, and after chemical reactions, phosphorus fertilizer can be obtained, which can be used to grow crops."

A good person's body needs nutrition. Similarly, if crops grow well, they also need "nutrition". The role of phosphorus fertilizer is mainly because phosphorus is a component of plant cell protoplasts and plays an important role in the growth and proliferation of cells. At the same time, photosynthesis, the transmission of sugar and starch requires phosphorus.

Therefore, phosphorus is an indispensable and important fertilizer for crops.
Chapter completed!