Ten years of trees, hundred years of trees.

For the Ming Empire ruled by Emperor Zhu, the most difficult thing was not industrialization, nor was it the use of land and silver dollars to build a powerful army, but to build people and turn more than 40 million kings and subjects into civilians of the country.

The word "military and national" may sound a bit harsh to later generations. However, after the mid-19th century, most of the world's powers actually took the militarist path. Because the wars of this era were to some extent fighting against the sea of ​​people. On the one hand, the era of high-tech wars had not yet arrived. Several countries that had initially achieved industrialization had similar weapons, and no one could crush their opponents with high-tech advanced weapons; on the other hand, the emergence of a series of new but new weapons that had low requirements for soldiers' skills, such as guns, rifles, new cannons, blasting bombs, barbed wire, etc., which also made elite troops submerged by the sea offensive. In the wars of this era, whoever could concentrate the largest army in the shortest time would often win victory.

Therefore, militarism is the only way for the great powers to become kings and dominate. To transform subjects into military and national people is a long process, which requires starting from both education and propaganda. The ultimate goal of the former is to establish compulsory education for all people. Compulsory education does not mean that children of appropriate age must go to school and study, stay in class for a few years, and read some sage books that are not very useful. If military and national education is like this, Frederick the Great of Prussia would not be the first to promote compulsory education in his own country! In fact, in this era, the primary goal of national education is to cultivate outstanding soldiers with a strong sense of nationality and nationality! And such education is not something that traditional Chinese Confucian education can provide.

Otherwise, even if you only have millions of such male citizens, the Song Dynasty and the former Ming Dynasty would not have been destroyed by Mongolia and the Qing Dynasty! However, a new education that imitates the West and cultivates military and national people can not be established in China in the short term.

The Old Summer Palace is dedicated to the Virtue Hall. Zhu Jishizheng and Luo Zenan explained several key points of cultivating small militarists in the Ming Dynasty. For example, the establishment of national consciousness, the brainwashing of nationalism, military sports training, etc. Around her is Maria Clementina who was summoned. Her belly bulged slightly again and was already three months pregnant. She sat upright and participated in the discussion from time to time.

"Your Majesty, I have discovered that although your subjects use the same words, they speak not the same language." Maria Clementina smiled slightly, "I think the people of a country should be able to speak the same common language first. This is also an important part of cultivating national and national consciousness, and the basis for becoming an excellent soldier."

"Oh. I need a common Mandarin." Zhu Jishi frowned slightly. The Ming army now has a sense of the south and north. If the officers and soldiers are not fellow townsmen, it would be a bit difficult to command.

The problem Maria said does exist. Before the Ming Dynasty restored the country, the main language used in the Qing Dynasty was Beijing Mandarin, which was the basis of later Mandarin. Although Nanjing Mandarin left behind by the Ming Dynasty also had a certain market, there were not many officials who could use it proficiently - even Zhu Jishi could understand it, but he could not speak it.

However, his Japanese concubines Akiko Tokugawa and Queen Shuko, as well as the maids of Teng from Japan, were able to skillfully use Nanjing Mandarin. Because Nanjing Mandarin has a certain market in Japan and is the language used in Japanese Confucian education.

In addition, the officials of Emperor Zhu's Korean Kingdom could speak fluent "Hongwu Zhengyun", which was a mandarin language ordered by Zhu Yuanzhang himself in the early Ming Dynasty.

If we start from the perspective of political correctness, we should naturally choose one of Nanjing Mandarin and Hongwu Zhengyun as the standard Mandarin of the Ming Dynasty. However, there are not many Chinese people who can use these two Mandarin correctly now, and it is very difficult to promote it. Moreover, China does not have Chinese pinyin, but uses a complex method called "reverse cut". It is easy to write the same text, but it is difficult to pronounce the same pronunciation.

Maria Clementina suddenly thought of something at this time: "By the way, my master, I have a book called "The Western Confucian Eyes and Eyes", which was published by the Roman Catholic Church to teach Westerners to learn Chinese. This book was compiled by monk Jinnige more than 200 years ago. The book uses Latin letters to pronounce it, and only uses 25 letters and 5 symbols representing tone to spell out all the syllables of Nanjing Mandarin."

"Chinese Pinyin..." Zhu Jishi said in surprise and turned his head to look at Luo Zenan. "How about using the method in this book "Western Confucian Eyes and Eyes" to pronounce the official language?"

Luo Zenan looked at Zhu Jishi in surprise. Could it be that the emperor was going to suppress Confucianism again? But he knew that once the matter was proposed, it would not be easily concluded, so he whispered: "Emperor, I also have the study of phonology and rhyme in China. "The Song and Rhyme" "The Four Songs Detection" and "The Song and Rhyme Tongran Collection" are all excellent phonology and rhyme books."

"It's too complicated..." Emperor Zhu showed a painful expression. Luo Zenan said "reverse" and is a traditional Chinese character pronunciation method. It started in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. It was easier to learn and master at the beginning. However, as the pronunciation continued to develop and change, it became more and more complicated. Even many scholars could not understand the usage of "reverse". Zhu Jishi, a great intellectual who mastered several languages, also studied the phonological books mentioned by Luo Zenan, and felt that "reverse" was extremely difficult to master, at least not something that children in first grades of elementary school could understand. In contrast, it was much easier to use Latin letters to pronunciate.

Luo Zenan shook his head: "But scholars don't know Latin letters."

Zhu Jishi smiled: "It's just 25 letters, and you can learn it in one day." He looked at the embarrassing expression of Luo Da Junshi and said, "I don't want all private schools all over the world to learn it, but all new schools must teach this method of letter pronunciation, and use Nanjing Mandarin to teach Confucianism within three years. In addition, all court officials must learn Nanjing Mandarin within two years, either using Latin letter pronunciation or reverse cut to learn it."

"I obey the order." Luo Zenan breathed a sigh of relief. After all, there are not many new schools, so it should be easier for people to accept.

Zhu Jishi nodded: "For all Western nation-states, the basis of national education is to write the same text and pronunciation. However, for two thousand years, there have been books and pronunciations in China, but the pronunciation is not done well. I plan to change the Latin alphabet pronunciation method invented by monk Jinnige to Chinese pinyin and promote it to all places where Chinese characters are used."

"All places where Chinese characters are used?" Luo Zenan was a little puzzled.

"Yes, at least let the Koreans and Japanese use Nanjing Mandarin in their new style and Confucian schools."

Zhu Jishi paused for a moment and said, "I will issue an order to the North Korean government in the name of the King of Korea, ordering them to promote Nanjing Mandarin and Latin Pinyin, and the Ministry of Mission and Education will cooperate. As for Japan, I will write to Akiko and let her promote it in China."

At this time, Chinese characters are not only popular in China, but also used Chinese characters in Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Not only can they write them, but many people can read them. The pronunciation is similar to a certain Chinese official language. It can be said that the influence of Chinese culture on the surrounding areas is far greater than that of later generations. Zhu Jishi did not intend to give up this advantage. Even if Japan will form a nation-state like the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Zhu also hopes to popularize Chinese in Japan. As for North Korea, of course, it will be more Chinese.

After speaking the Chinese pinyin, Zhu Jishi turned the topic to publicity: "I read the main newspapers such as military advisors, Qingliubao, Shilin Daily, Ta Kung Pao, and Industrial and Commercial Times every issue. The public opinion has been one-sidedly anti-Russia during this period, which is very good. However, these newspapers have a problem. Almost all articles are written in classical Chinese, so scholars can naturally understand them, but what about those who do not read? Not only can they not understand them, but they probably can't even understand them?
Chapter completed!