Chapter 606 Global Economic Crisis
The words of Zhang Zhai, the imperial minister of finance, boosted Zhang Yunmao and others.
China has been observing the US economy in secret. The US economy has been very stable until the US broke out in the banking crisis in 2019, and China saw the opportunity to invade the US economy.
With the outbreak of World War I, the US currency depreciated to a certain extent, and a large amount of gold flowed out, which reduced the reserves of US banks. The US stock index continued to rise due to the impact of the war. Americans firmly believed that the United States would defeat it. Therefore, countless Americans invested money into the stock market. However, the unexpected end of World War I made the Americans not benefiting and the stock market was in danger of falling. For this reason, the US government began to export capital to Germany on a large scale, and greatly expanded its military preparations to stabilize the stock market, and finally stabilized the overall US stock market.
However, the negative impact of the large-scale arms race between the United States and China gradually became prominent as China began a cold war. Because the US economy was not as good as China, and the long-term arms race with China has caused the US fiscal deficit to remain high. Especially after the war, the international economy was sluggish. US foreign trade continued to shrink, and countries were reducing military spending, while the United States continued to increase military spending. In the end, it caused a crisis in the credit of the US government.
Zhang Yunfei has never relaxed his economic offensive against the United States, and it can even be traced back to Li Nian. At this time, major Chinese banks and Zhang Yunfei's Royal Bank secretly held a large amount of US Treasury bonds and stocks through various means. According to Zhang Yunfei's later experience, if you want to destroy a country's economy, you must first make large-scale investments in the country. When it reaches a certain level, and then suddenly withdraw funds, it will inevitably destroy the country's finances in a short period of time.
Tang Shaoyi asked worriedly: "Will it affect the empire's financial system?"
Once you take action against the US economy, you must consider the various consequences it brings. Obviously, the Imperial Treasury Department has made comprehensive considerations.
Zhangzhai said confidently: "Your Majesty, Prime Minister, please rest assured that the Ministry of Finance has made careful plans to deal with a series of consequences.
After the empire withdraws investment in the United States, it will inevitably lead to a credit crisis in the United States, which will further expand to stock market collapse, and then financial turmoil. The United States will have an economic crisis in a short period of time. As for the external impact, the United States did not have sufficient funds after the war, and the only large-scale loans were made to Germany. Britain and France also held a certain amount of US dollars. But more of them were dragon coins. But overall, in addition to Germany, European countries will also have a certain impact on the post-war reconstruction of the economy, which is not very big."
Zhang Yunfei knew that today's European economies are basically linked to China, and the currencies of various countries are basically the only foreign reserves with dragon coins. However, the connection between Europe and the United States is complicated, and they also hold a certain degree of US dollars, so they will be more or less affected by the United States.
However, Zhang Yunfei treated the United States and Europe equally. They were not good things and were punished by China. Of course, what Zhang Yunfei was most concerned about was whether the empire would be affected.
Zhang Sai continued: "After the empire withdraws funds from the country, it can be used directly in the great development of northern and western Xinjiang. The excess can be expanded, or continue to expand interest-free loans to the people to stimulate the domestic economy. Large-scale infrastructure construction in underdeveloped areas. In this way, even if foreign trade shrinks, the domestic economy can still be compensated. Overall, the imperial economy will not be affected and maintain a high growth momentum!"
Zhang Yunfei nodded and said, "Very good! Since it will not have a big impact on the empire, what are you waiting for? Take action!"
Zhang Sai hurriedly replied: "I obey the order!"
The British pound is the main reserve currency in the world in the old century, the main currency for international trade and financial settlement, the valuation unit for international asset transactions, foreign investment, and securities trading, and a hard currency that can be exchanged with gold at any time. In addition, British companies dominate the international financial industry banks, insurance companies, investment banks, and foreign exchange dealers. From which perspective, "the century was the British pound standard, and it was a certain degree of the British pound standard system. The old century was the golden age of the gold standard. Because the British bribery can be exchanged freely with gold. The British Empire was the dominant rule of the national financial system. We can naturally say that the old century was the British bribery standard era.
However, just as the author of the rise and fall of the Roman Empire lamented in the face of Roman ruins: "Good times will always last forever"!
The eight-year war of World War I completely destroyed the world hegemony of the British Empire and ended the era of British rule. The deepest reason for World War I was that the newly emerging China, the United States and Germany wanted to re-dividate the world's spheres of influence. They no longer tolerate Britain, France and Russia dominate the world.
A few years before the outbreak of World War I, another far-reaching incident was: that is, the Chinese Empire Central Reserve Bank opened its doors for business in the past year. The first day of the Chinese Empire Central Bank opened was actually the world's most powerful central bank. The reason is very simple. The scale of the Chinese Empire's economy has surpassed Britain, the United States, Germany, and France. China's first attempt at the power era was, so China's economic scale was 6 times that of the United States at that time, and it was the sum of Britain, France and Germany.
When the major financial consortiums of the Chinese Empire, which are the two world financial centers of Beijing and Shanghai, are preparing to lend a large amount of loans to Europe and other countries around the world, and are preparing to fully control the economy of the capital-importing countries, including infrastructure, tariffs, domestic taxation systems, mineral resources, etc., the Prime Minister of the Empire of Imperiality Tang Shao, just assured: "Let go of your hands and feet, behind you is the invincible Chinese Empire!"
How can the British let it go!
In order to save the British system of wrong order and to save the status of London's first international financial center, Britain can be said to have tried all its strength. The representative figure is the famous Churchill, who was then the British Chancellor of the Exchequer and the President of the Bank of Monteau England.
Britain was lucky because in order to engage in a Cold War with the United States, China strengthened the Sino-British Alliance. With the help of the Chinese elite, Britain saved the pound. The most important one was the strong Royal Bank of China, which provided Britain with the gold standard adjustment gold to attract Yilong coins to help Britain restore the gold standard. Of course, the British also paid a certain price. That was to return the cultural relics that robbed the Royal Old Summer Palace in the year.! In Xuannian, the British and French allied forces robbed the Old Summer Palace, about 10,000 cultural relics, accounting for two-thirds of the entire Old Summer Palace. The second robbery of the Old Summer Palace in the year was stopped by Zhang Yunfei. It was not born, and the mouth was still preserved.
After the first time the Old Summer Palace was looted, Cixi rebuilt it, but she was only included in the forbidden area because she felt it was unlucky and had never stayed there. After Zhang Yunfei entered the throne, she also visited the Old Summer Palace twice, which was not the kind of destruction that later generations saw. It was just that no one lived in it for decades and became much more desolate.
The cultural relics plundered by the British and French forces during the 1990s were not of high value in the 1990s, especially the Old Summer Palace was actually a place where the emperor spent vacations and cooled down. There were not many real treasures, most of which were jade, calligraphy and paintings, antiques, pens, ink, paper and inkstones in the emperor's daily life, and various daily necessities used by concubines. Westerners did not like these things. At that time, the British and French forces focused on snatching some gold and silver products.
For example, one or two silver nickel Yuanmingyuan is a bad omen. Various Ruyi Yuanmingyuan deposits, jade, inkstone, pen washing and other Yuanmingyuan deposits; first-class porcelain stoves, bottles, cans and other worms. Most of the royal treasures are stored in the Imperial Palace Office and did not flow into Britain and France. The treasures that actually flow into Britain and France were basically when the Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China and ransacked the Beijing Palace.
Therefore, when the Chinese government proposed to take back the stolen cultural relics in the Old Summer Palace, the UK did not show strong protests. However, when the Chinese political game asked the British government to apologize, the UK showed a rebound and refused to admit it if it was beaten to death.
There was no way, for various reasons, the Chinese government finally demanded that the commander of the British and French coalition forces be held accountable. After researching with the French side, Britain and France believed that they were still counting on China's economic aid at this time, so they agreed to China's demand.
In March of the year, China, Britain and France formed a jury to trial the British commander of the old British and French coalition commander Major General Grant, commander of the Chinese Royal Garden, and Major General Bentoubang, commander of the French army. In fact, they were dead. The jury was just a formality. The two dead were sentenced to a deadline, sentenced to a dead year to a deadline and return the robbed items.
In fact, except for gold and silver being divided up by the British and French armies, the remaining oriental items were given to Queen Victoria of England at that time and King Napoleon III of France. The total value of gold and silver was only a bad 10,000 dragon coins. China will no longer pursue this.
The remaining items are basically stored in the Oriental Art Museum in the British Museum and the Chinese Pavilion in the Palace of Fontainebleau in Paris, France. The Oriental Art Museum has about 30,000 Chinese cultural relics, such as the "Scroll of the Female Shiwei" by Gu Kaizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which is a rare treasure in ancient Chinese scroll paintings and is priceless. However, Westerners refused to spend money to buy them for the old fast money, so they all dedicated them to the Queen of England. There is also a 3-foot-long and 2-foot-high white jade horse, which is considered a thing that Westerners have seen. France has collected about 40,000 pieces, the most
What is noticeable is a huge pagoda, 2 meters high, bronze zero gold, and emeralds are inlaid with emeralds. On the left and right of the pagoda are placed an object tooth and a pair of bronze sculptured dragons. The same shape is the same as the bronze dragon placed in front of the emperor's throne in the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and other places, indicating that this pair of bronze dragons should be placed in front of the emperor's throne in the Zhengda Guangming Hall of the Old Summer Palace. A pair of gold cans and a golden temple decoration of Jinmanzha Tibetan Buddhism. The golden cans are shining with Ruyi patterns throughout, and Jinmanzha is inlaid with pearls, turquoise and rubies, indicating how luxurious the decorations in the Old Summer Palace were at that time.
There was a string of large rosary beads placed in the glass table cabinet. The beads had concave pieces, which were different from the ordinary and wounded beads. This was when Bentopia presented a string of emperor's beads and two strings of queen's beads to Queen Eugeni. Unexpectedly, Queen Eugeni was not satisfied because she had already heard that the officers who had been expeditioning to China returned with a full load. She complained that Bentopia only brought her such gifts and goods, so Bentopia also gave her three carts of treasures, and gave her a total of seven carts, including various bronzes, jades, porcelains, lacquerware, gold and silver products, and cloisonné that she snatched from the Old Summer Palace.”
Finally, Britain and France spent money to buy some Chinese cultural relics from the public and return them to China. Many of them were not robbed from the Old Summer Palace. However, the political significance of this matter is greater than the actual value, so in the end, the cultural relics with a total of more than 10,000 pieces were taken back. These things were very valuable in later generations, but they were limited to the Chinese. Because Westerners were not interested in them at all. The reason why they did not return them to China in later generations was because they wanted to humiliate China.
After solving the Old Summer Palace problem, both Britain and France received economic help from China, France accelerated post-war reconstruction, and Britain restored the gold standard.
Since World War I destroyed the gold standard in Europe, it naturally destroyed the pound standard. In order to save British sales, restore the wrong international status of Britain, and save the London International Financial Center, the key task is to restore the exchange of British and gold, that is, restore the gold standard.
On April 7, the British Chancellor of the Exchequer Churchill solemnly announced in Parliament that the UK would restore the gold standard based on the pre-war exchange rate parity, the British pound was resumed by the 4-dollar dollar. In order to support the UK's return to the gold standard, the Central Bank of the Imperial Empire provided the Bank of England with loans to the Bank of England with Yilong coins, in order to help the British government deal with the possible speculative impact on Britain and the US dollar. At that time, the equilibrium exchange rate of the British and the US dollar was about the 4-dollar dollar. According to the pre-war parity of the British and the Dragon Coin, the gold standard was restored, which meant that the British and British exchange rate was at least overvalued. In order to prevent the depreciation of British sales, the Chinese and British monetary authorities greatly increased the interest rate spreads between the three major capital markets of London, Beijing and Shanghai to prevent capital from fleeing from the UK or to promote capital flow into the UK, in order to support the high exchange rate of British exchange.
Adopting such an extreme capital market and money market intervention policy is actually a direct confrontation with the real economy and market forces, especially artificially lowering the interest rates of China's capital market and raising the interest rates of London's capital market, which finally caused extremely serious consequences.
However, this is a small way for China to deliberately mislead the British economy, and it is unconsciously destroying the British gold system. The poor British people thought that China was sincerely helping them?
Since then, the high exchange rate and high interest rates in the UK have greatly damaged the international competitiveness of the British industry. It has led to a severe recession and deflation in the UK, and there have been frequent strikes in various parts of the UK and complaints.
Tao Dongyue. The UK had a general strike that swept the whole country. This strike was caused by the main mines forcibly lowering the wages of coal mine workers. The coal mine owners threatened the closure of alliances, demanded the abolition of the minimum wage standard, extended working hours, and refused to sign a collective contract nationwide. After the request was rejected by workers, the mine owners announced that the alliance would be closed from the day to the day. On the 4th of the morning, British workers held the first general strike in British history. In addition to coal mine workers, there were also transportation, railway and mechanical workers. Soon, tens of thousands of people were made, causing factories to close down, traffic pauses and city paralysis.
Then, Britain finally failed to maintain the gold standard. In February of 2019, domestic currency contraction and unemployment pressure forced Britain to escape the gold standard. Britain depreciated significantly, thus touching a wave of international currency depreciation that was higher than the wave. The world began to usher in a new currency standard system.
However, before China's dragon currency standard dominated the world's monetary system, it still had to burn hard and fight the US dollar, because the US dollar is second only to the dragon currency and the British currency.
It can be said that China's crackdown on British and US dollar was carried out at the same time.
Tianlin 8 years, when the London gold standard was about to collapse, major banks in the Empire secretly began to transfer shares held in the United States. At the same time, all funds stored in the United States were withdrawn in just three days, and through major American banks and foreign banks, they exchanged the US dollar into gold or dragon coins and exited the US market for circulation.
On February 2019, the New York stock market plummeted. From then until the year of the year, New York stock prices fell by more than one-sixth, and the depreciation of securities across the United States totaled US$100 million. After the New York stock market plummeted, the US economy fell into crisis. The United States drew back a large amount of investment in Germany, and the German economy collapsed in a full-scale manner. Britain also invested a lot in Germany. The British securities market responded to the ground, and the British economy was in crisis. The French economy had relatively higher independence, but it could not get rid of its dependence on the international market. Moreover, the French economy itself had already overheated investment. By the year of the year, France finally fell into crisis. In this way, a Great Depression that swept the world began.
The United States is the biggest victim. From the year to the age of the year, the US GDP has dropped from 100 million US dollars to 700 million US dollars, a drop of up to 100 million US dollars. The decline is as high as 100 million US dollars. Industrial and commercial enterprises have closed down 800 million US dollars, and import and export trade has dropped sharply, and corporate profits have dropped from 100 million US dollars to 100 million US dollars. At the worst of the crisis, major American industrial enterprises have basically stopped operating. The operating rate of the automobile industry is only nephew, steel industry, gills, and agriculture has also suffered tragic disasters. Cereal prices have dropped by two-thirds, and the total income of agricultural currency has decreased from 100 million US dollars to 100 million US dollars.
The banking system was in the brunt of the brunt of China's funds, which led to the US financial crisis. The number of bankruptcies reached the stupid ones, accounting for all the banks' swords. Gold flowed out of China, deposits were run, and the entire banking system was paralyzed. The unemployment rate did not include the sentenced operators. After the year, the US economy entered a long period of so-called "special depression". Despite the "New Deal" and other measures to ease the crisis, the US economy still recovered weakly. Xie Miyun's starry sky was so handsome that he was generous in the Tianjie reward.
Chapter completed!