capital.
After the nuclear fusion design project was established, a series of scientific and technological conferences were held.
Among them, the theoretical conference on superconducting technology has attracted much attention.
Technical theory will involve not only technology, but also theory, which is the direction of future research and development and development direction.
In the first half of the superconducting conference, various institutions still released the latest material technology information, allowing attendees to see the application research of advanced elements in various materials fields.
Deng Huanshan is one of the most famous scholars.
As the head of the Superconducting Materials Research Center, many scholars gathered around him to inquire about the research of superconducting materials. The result produced by the Superconducting Materials Research Center is a brand new first-order iron-based superconducting material.
This is the material Wang Hao recommended to the space agency.
At normal temperature, the resistivity of this material called 'CWF-071' is higher than silver and lower than copper, which means that it can be used as a replacement for conventional wires at normal temperature.
In addition, the transition temperature of CWF-071 is as high as 201k, and as the temperature decreases, the resistivity will also decrease significantly.
The resistivity of general conductors will also decrease with temperature, but the decrease is not large. For CWF-071, a significant decrease can be clearly seen.
"In the future, when CWF-071 is mass-produced, it can replace conventional conductors in many environments and serve as a conductor."
Deng Huanshan said with a smile on his face, "The ultimate goal of research and development of superconducting materials is to achieve room temperature superconductivity."
"In the field of superconductivity, upgraded materials have great potential. Our next goal is to create superconducting materials with higher transition temperatures..."
He also stated the established target data-230K.
This data is very amazing.
230K, which is minus 43.15 degrees Celsius, is close to the South and North Pole and other special zones, and this temperature can be reached.
In fact, Deng Huanshan and other scholars subconsciously ignored one issue -
Current carrying capacity.
All superconducting materials currently in use are complex metal compounds, and the conductive properties are mainly determined by the metal elements.
To achieve the same superconducting state, the current carrying rate of elemental metals is much higher than that of complex metal compounds.
The resistivity of CWF-071 is lower than that of copper, but the current carrying capacity is far inferior to that of copper. When using CWF-071 at room temperature, thicker wires must be made to achieve the same resistance value.
Of course.
If the superconducting state can be achieved, its performance will suddenly surpass that of copper. The problem is that even the development of first-order iron-based superconducting materials has encountered the limit problem of transition temperature.
The so-called 'transition temperature limit problem' means that during the research and development process, a special temperature value will be discovered. The transition temperature of most superconducting materials cannot exceed this temperature value, and a small number of them can and are difficult to exceed.
too much.
It turns out that when studying superconducting materials with conventional elements, the limit of transition temperature is about 180K.
Now using first-order iron, it has risen to 200K.
At the meeting, scholars from the Key Laboratory of Superconductivity of the Academy of Sciences talked about the "limit issue of transition temperature" and made a targeted research report.
Many scholars have thought about it.
Wang Hao listened with great interest. The report he prepared was to explain the research direction of superconducting materials. To a certain extent, it meant to illustrate a way to break through the limit problem.
"Upgrade elements and material manufacturing technology!"
When Wang Hao took the stage to give a report, he talked about two points. One was the upgrade element. There was a lot to talk about.
"We can find that after the application of first-order iron, the limit of transition temperature increases. Many domestic and foreign materials teams have developed superconducting materials with critical temperatures close to or exceeding 180K."
"Limited by current carrying capacity, most materials have no application value."
"But anyway, the discovery of upgraded elements has raised the limit of transformation temperature."
"In the process of studying upgraded elements, we found that compared with conventional elements at the same temperature, the activity of the outer electrons of all upgraded elements will increase. Simply put, the resistivity will decrease."
"So we can simply infer that second-order, third-order or higher-order metal elements may have superconducting properties at room temperature."
"Of course, this is not possible for the time being."
"We also have another direction, which is to create metal materials with high current carrying capacity close to superconducting properties at room temperature."
Finally, what Wang Hao said was related to dense materials.
Dense materials not only increase the density of materials, but also effectively reduce the resistivity of metal materials.
They have created dense silver whose resistivity at room temperature is more than five times higher than that of conventional human silver.
This material is of course very valuable as a conductor.
Unfortunately, the produced dense silver has certain radioactivity and cannot be used as a conventional material. The annihilation force field experimental team is constantly reducing the intensity of the annihilation force field in the hope of producing dense silver without radiation.
…
After the theoretical conference on superconducting technology, many people were talking about Wang Hao's report.
Generally, superconducting materials conferences talk about superconducting material manufacturing technology, either to showcase the latest superconducting materials, or to talk about the research and development directions of superconducting materials.
In the field of superconductivity, achieving room temperature superconductivity is the ultimate goal.
Wang Hao's report felt a bit "unreasonable". He talked about upgraded elements and material manufacturing technology, directly based on the underlying elements to reduce the material resistivity and increase the transition temperature limit.
But what he said makes sense.
Many scholars lamented, "So, the realization of room-temperature superconductivity in the future does not rely on the research of superconducting material technology, but on the research of annihilation force fields."
“If you want to completely conquer a technology, you must break away from the technical field to do it.”
"This is normal."
"There are so many people and institutions studying superconducting materials. They only study the element composition and manufacturing methods. It is simply impossible to achieve room-temperature superconductivity."
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! "What Academician Wang Hao said makes so much sense."
"I really look forward to seeing those high-level elements, but I feel... there is no hope in the short term..."
"..."
This is the case in the field of superconducting material technology.
If we just rely on conventional research, it is almost impossible to solve the problem of extreme values ​​of transition temperature.
Now that there are first-order iron materials, 200K is close to the extreme upper limit. It seems that most materials with a transition temperature close to 200K will have various problems, making it difficult to put them into applications.
In terms of application direction, the most widely used one is 141k CW-019.
This is also the signature of Superconducting Materials Industrial Company, which has the largest production and widest application. It has been applied in many fields.
A large number of materials institutions have used experimental research to prove that it is difficult to break through the ultimate problem by only studying superconducting material technology, so we must find ways in other directions.
Wang Hao provided a good idea and a good direction.
Unfortunately, most people cannot participate in the research, and they can only learn about it.
Wang Hao attaches great importance to material issues, and they have already given a definition for dense first-order iron materials, which is the 'future iron element'.
The ‘future iron element’ is named first-order beta iron 56.
β represents the second order, 56 represents the atomic mass, and conventional dense materials are named first-order a materials.
For example, conventional first-order iron is first-order a-iron 56.
On the way back to Xihai University, Wang Hao was also thinking about research in the direction of 'future elements'. "It seems that experiments must be started. The short-term goal is to study several iron isotopes, hoping to find a future iron that does not contain radiation."
element."
This research is related to strong annihilation force field technology.
The ‘future element’ will not be affected by special phenomena and can support the creation of high-intensity strong annihilation force fields.
…
After returning to Xihai University, Wang Hao continued to pay attention to the research of the F-ray experimental group and the annihilation force field experimental group.
Both experimental groups are making good progress.
At the same time, he also needs to participate in the nuclear fusion design project. The first step is to form the main team of the design project.
This work is still dominated by Tang Jianjun.
Tang Jianjun is very enthusiastic about nuclear fusion research. He is already over 60 years old and he is still working energetically.
To be continued...