After sending Yinchang to take office in Fengtian Governor's Yamen, Song Biao returned to the military headquarters and held a small meeting in the Governor's Yamen Secretariat. He arranged four things. One was to sort out the list of all officials and the total number of vacancies in the three eastern provinces;
Organize the maps of the three provinces and prefectures
County information; the third is to organize the New Deal matters and draw up an outline; the fourth is to establish the Agricultural Reclamation Section, in charge of agriculture and reclamation, seize the time to promote soybean planting along the railway, introduce improved varieties, promote planting technology, improve water conservancy matters in soybean planting areas, etc.
wait.
After the war between Zhao and Song, Song Biao truly became the king of the Northeast. This status allowed him to quickly recruit several local staff who were proficient in government affairs, such as Yuan Jinkai, Su Huichen, Qian Ying, Wang Yongjiang, Wang Shuhan, Tan Jiwu, Jin Ding
Xun Xun, He Zhongxun, Guan Haiqing, etc. all joined the Governor's Yamen Secretariat organized by Yuan Jinkai on behalf of Song Biao during this period.
Yuan Jinkai was very addicted to officialdom. Song Biao originally wanted to set up a secretariat, but Yuan Jinkai persuaded him several times, saying that the level of the office was too low and it would not be easy to recruit talents.
Whether it is a bureau or a department, to Song Biao, who was the governor of the three eastern provinces, it was just a word difference, but it meant something different to others. Song Biao listened to Yuan Jinkai's advice and established the Governor's Yamen Secretariat, headed by Yuan Jinkai.
Served as a promotion in the Secretariat, which consists of five departments: clerical, confidential, supervisory, special agents, and foreign affairs.
Yuan Jinkai has been active these days, and has recruited many well-known people in the three eastern provinces to join the Secretariat. Before these people join, Song Biao will take time to talk to them in detail, and ask them what each person is good at and what they are good at.
In terms of their ideas, everyone else is okay. Especially Wang Yongjiang and Wang Shuhan, who are known as the two kings, are indeed more intelligent people. Jin Dingxun, He Zhongxun, and Guan Haiqing are not simple.
After just a brief chat, Song Biao was able to realize that these three people were people with strong revolutionary consciousness. It can be seen from these three people how powerful Japan has penetrated in Kanto. Jin Dingxun graduated from Meiji University in Japan.
Fa Ke. Guan Haiqing and He Zhongxun studied at Yokohama Commercial School in Japan. Before graduating, these two people hurried back to China with Jin Dingxun to organize the anti-Russian army.
Although they have not graduated from technical secondary schools, Guan Haiqing and He Zhongxun are not considered young students. The former is 27 years old and comes from a scholarly background, while the latter is 30 years old. He is actually famous for being a civil servant. They are both from local gentry families in Jilin Prefecture.
These three people all had a revolutionary consciousness of being anti-Qing and anti-Manchu, and their words and deeds were not out of line. Song Biao left them to work in the Foreign Affairs Department and continued to observe.
In order to facilitate the daily handling of official duties, after Song Biao established the Secretariat in the Governor's Yamen, he allocated an office building as the Secretariat among the many new government buildings in the military headquarters. In addition to the Secretariat in the Governor's Yamen, in the military headquarters
There is also a separate secretariat, with Shu Fangde and Jiang Fangzhen serving as the chief adjutants of the secretariat.
Although he didn’t think that Yuan Jinkai had much insight into the New Deal, Song Biao still asked Yuan Jinkai to reorganize a "New Deal for the Three Northeastern Provinces" in the Secretariat as the outline of the New Deal. This copy was to be given to the Qing government and the three eastern provinces.
Officials saw it.
As for the "New Deal Five-Year Plan for the Three Eastern Provinces" in Song Biao's hand, Song Biao doesn't want to take it out yet until he has sufficient capital and finances.
During this time, many local officials from the three eastern provinces came to see Song Biao. In addition to the three governors, there were also Zhang Xiluan, the general office of the Andong Port Opening Bureau, Zhang Yuanqi, the prefect of Jinzhou, Wang Jinghuan, Yin of Xingjing Road, Wang Honglu, the salt transport envoy of the three eastern provinces, and Jin
Ma Tingliang, the governor of the state, Fengtian Banner
Jin Liang, the general office of the Affairs Office, and others, including his old acquaintance Qiu Tongfu, the magistrate of Tonghua County. In the past ten days, Song Biao met with at least more than forty officials from the three provinces, but in his opinion, they were truly capable of executing the "
There are very few people who believe in the New Deal Five-Year Plan of the Three Eastern Provinces.
Other things can be left to others to take responsibility for. Even if they are not handled well, it doesn't matter. However, the matter of Northeastern soybeans is indeed so important that Song Biao must take care of it himself.
This was the first official meeting of the Secretariat. After it was over, Song Biao asked Wang Yongjiang and Jin Dingxun to stay, and asked someone to bring Almolo Nunerico, an agricultural and botany expert who had just arrived from Russia.
Please come here, sir.
When the Russian botanist Almolo Nunerico recommended by Lieutenant Colonel Neznamov arrived in Fengtian, Song Biao learned that this gentleman was quite famous in the Russian botanical and agricultural circles, and his level was also very high.
, Song Biao immediately asked him to serve as the general consultant of Fengtian Agricultural Research Institute, and hired more than a dozen assistants from missionary schools in Russia and Harbin to cooperate with Yufeng Bank and Far East Trading Company in the cultivation of improved soybean varieties.
Before Dr. Nuñerico arrived, Song Biao asked Wang Yongjiang and Jin Dingxun to sit down first, spread out the map of the three northeastern provinces and said to them: "I have just mentioned the establishment of an agricultural reclamation department. This matter will have great impact on the three northeastern provinces."
The most important thing is that if done well, the total annual exports of the three northeastern provinces can surge to tens of millions of pounds, which is hundreds of millions of silver dollars. Both of you are the candidates that I think are more suitable for the chief and deputy section chiefs. The problem is that you
Are you willing to take up this burden?"
After hearing Song Biao's words, Wang Yongjiang and Wang Yongjiang were both shocked and looked at each other in disbelief.
After waiting for a moment, Wang Yongjiang spoke first: "My Lord Governor, if I want to take on this position, it concerns the people of the three eastern provinces and the imperial court. I dare not entrust you with it, but I am fully confident that I can handle this matter well."
Song Biao nodded and said, "What are you going to do?"
Wang Yongjiang said: "When exporting soybeans to foreign countries, we first consider railway transportation. Now there are only two railways in the three eastern provinces. One is the Far East Railway built by the Russians, and the other is the Far East Branch Railway from Harbin to the Liaodong Peninsula. We should follow
These two railways promote the planting of soybeans. Where soybeans are planted along the 60 kilometers along the line, officials from all regions are strictly ordered to cooperate."
Song Biao was not in a hurry to answer and asked Jin Dingxun: "What do you think?"
Jin Dingxun thought for a while and said: "Most of the government officials have a lot of deductions. It is not appropriate to let local yamen get involved too much. We should publicize more in newspapers and promote planting through local gentry. If it is beneficial to the people, there will be more natural growers."
Song Biao said slightly, but was still not in a hurry to express his position.
Wang Yongjiang retorted abruptly: "Sir, most of the farmers are illiterate. No matter how much you publicize it in newspapers, it will not have much effect. Besides, although the three provinces are large, none of the newspapers can have much sales. If the publicity is too good,
, the result is flashy, but rather
We have broken the trust of the people. Our subordinates believe that as long as we promote planting along the two railway lines, as long as they are willing to grow soybeans, they will sell high-quality soybean seeds at low prices. If they can't afford to buy soybean seeds, they will buy them on credit, and then sign a contract to purchase them at a fixed price next year.
Just make the people feel at ease."
Song Biao then replied: "Your method is more practical. I originally planned to let you be the section chief of the Agricultural Reclamation Section, but I think you are more pragmatic. Deputy Section Chief Jin. You and Section Chief Wang must cooperate with each other."
Do this thing well. Forget everything else except
This matter is of the utmost importance to me. If you can't handle it well, you won't show up in front of me in the future. There is no place for you in the three northeastern provinces. If you want to take this matter personally,
Little Abacus, I advise you to grow two more heads."
Wang Yongjiang and Jin Dingxun were greatly surprised and hurriedly stood up to pay homage and said: "Please rest assured, Lord Governor, my subordinates will not dare."
Song Biao sneered. The reason why he wanted to use Wang Yongjiang as the section chief was indeed because this person was very shrewd. The two previous conversations had a good feeling and his ideas were very pragmatic. However, Jin Dingxun talked about some very pragmatic things in his words.
The impractical topic made Song Biao feel bad, but this person had a very detailed understanding of modern law, and he was still a talent that could be developed.
He continued to order the two of them: "You must work together, talk less nonsense, do more practical things, and complete this matter thoroughly. I will have another suitable appointment. In addition, after the reclamation supervision ministers of the three eastern provinces take office, I will
The matter of promoting soybean planting in the three northeastern provinces will be fully handled by him. What you have to do now is to make a good plan and calculate the numbers carefully to determine whether to promote it.
How many acres of planting area, how high is the expected annual output, what is the purchase price, what is the expected selling price, how many improved seeds are needed, what goals are achieved in several years, and whether labor will be invested in the water conservancy ditches in the soybean planting areas along the line.
We must think clearly about our financial and financial resources. The more things benefit the country and the people, the more we must be down-to-earth and handle things in a more detailed manner.”
Wang Yongjiang immediately replied: "Please rest assured, Governor, my subordinates will do their best to ensure that the soybean affairs in the three northeastern provinces are handled beautifully."
Song Biao praised: "It's good if you have this confidence!"
At this time, Dr. Almolo Nunerico also happened to arrive at the Secretariat. Although this doctor was young, he had already started to go bald very early. He was not tall and had a big beard that is unique to Russians.
Looks a bit sloppy.
This person has a pretty good academic status in Russian agriculture. He studied under the Russian botanical master Nelliub Stankovianch at the Institute of Botany in St. Petersburg, Russia. He published a lot of research on Russian agriculture when he was a student.
and treatises on boreal plants of Siberia, viz.
Even though Russia was facing a bad situation, he was not worried about finding a suitable agricultural and botany research job. The reason why he chose to work in the three eastern provinces was largely due to his special feelings for General Song.
Curiosity and admiration, as well as positive advice from the Russian War Ministry and Lieutenant Colonel Neznamov.
When Dr. Almolo Nuñerico arrived in the conference room, Song Biao introduced him enthusiastically to Wang Yongjiang and Jin Dingxun, and invited Dr. Nuñerico to sit down and prepare to ask detailed questions about Dong
Some problems in the soybean planting industry in the three provinces.
As soon as Dr. Almolo Nunerico sat down, he couldn't wait to open a file and reported to Song Biao in Russian: "As for your hope that the Fengtian Agricultural Research Institute will study the contrast between American bean seeds and local bean seeds in the three northeastern provinces,
Although more planting experiments are needed for comparison, it is interesting to see some of the phenomena we have discovered. By
Comparing the basic data provided by the ten different regions in the three northeastern provinces and the United States, we can roughly judge that the local bean species in the three northeastern provinces and the American bean species are homologous. This is because American soybeans were originally introduced from northern China, but Americans
Through careful selection and cultivation, we continue to select improved varieties with higher oil yields. The most interesting ones are truly
The point is that American bean seeds introduced from the Chicago area have significantly higher oil yield and disease resistance when planted in Changchun, Liaoyang, Hunjiang and other places. My analysis is as follows, first of all, the two bean seeds
It has homology and has the same adaptability to cold areas. Secondly, the land and climate environment of the three northeastern provinces are more suitable for soybeans.
Production. In all the areas where American soybeans have been tested, we found that the planting effects in some newly reclaimed areas in Changchun and Hunjiang are very amazing, thanks to the land being rich in phosphorus, potassium and calcium. As well as other necessary
Elements, such as the most important sunlight conditions. Generally speaking, soybeans are indeed the best plant to grow in the three northeastern provinces."
Song Biao thought for a while and asked: "Does this mean we can introduce bean seeds directly from the United States on a large scale?"
Dr. Almolo Nuñerico shook his head and said: "Although Americans go through certain selections in the selection of bean seeds, I think the work they do is still relatively basic. I recently visited some local Unfortunately, the soybean farmers in the three northeastern provinces are only small-scale planting. They are not aware of the value of soybeans as special economic crops. Even so, according to some bean seed samples we collected from rural areas around Shenyang, Look, the gap is actually not big. If local farmers can pay better attention to this, or we strengthen the selection of bean seeds ourselves, then there is no need to introduce soybeans from the United States. In addition, I recently asked the St. Petersburg Botanical Research Institute My friend checked some reports and found that at present, the main suppliers of international soybeans are still too scattered. Germany has a very high demand for soybeans, and the scale of locally grown soybeans is relatively large in Europe. The United States, Brazil, Argentina, Even Mexico exports soybeans to Europe, but the overall scale is still small. Asia still has the highest soybean planting scale in the world, and the total amount of soybeans planted in Japan is higher than that in France."
With these words, he took out a piece of information from the file bag and handed it to Song Biao, adding: "This is some information I received. Judging from the scale of planting in the United States, their soybean planting area is not large. Most of them are used for feed. They do not attach great importance to the issue of oil yield like Europe. Simply speaking from the important indicator of oil yield, there is no difference between American soybeans and local soybeans from the three northeastern provinces."
Song Biao picked up the information and looked through it. The source of the information was the St. Petersburg Institute of Botany and a German cash crop research company, which recorded the total amount of international soybean transactions in the past few years, as well as the soybean planting area around the world.
Judging from this data, Asia, Europe, and the Americas are all major soybean farmers. Asia accounts for about half of the total international soybean planting, but except for Japan and India, which export a small amount of soybeans to Europe, most of the soybeans are exported to Europe. It is used for local consumption. The soybean planting industry in Europe has developed rapidly with the development of oil extraction industry and grease industry in the past two decades. In particular, the scale of soybean planting in southern Europe is very large.
The United States, Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina all have soybean cultivation to a certain extent. Generally speaking, they are used as silage, and the export scale to Europe is not large.
Germany accounts for almost half of the global soybean import market, which also proves the prosperity of Germany's oil, paint and other food raw material industries.
After Song Biao had almost finished reading the report, Dr. Almolo Nuñerico cautiously persuaded: "Your Excellency, Governor, please allow me to secure some research funds from you for the Fengtian Agricultural Research Institute in the near future. From my observations, I can confirm that there are many types of local bean species in the three northeastern provinces, as well as wild and semi-wild bean species, which provides a very good basis for our further research on soybeans. If there are sufficient funds and time, we can also If we have the personnel, we have every chance to surpass Germany's research work in the field of soybeans and develop better hybrid soybeans with higher oil yield, higher disease resistance and high yield."
Song Biao nodded slightly and asked, "I completely agree with this project. How much does it cost approximately?"
Dr. Almolo Nunerico replied cautiously: "It costs about 400,000 rubles per year. In addition to selecting some good land in the three eastern provinces for cultivating seedlings and observing, we also need more manpower.
Experimental planting, as well as field visits from the three northeastern provinces, including other parts of China, to select wild and semi-wild bean seeds. Although our purpose
The goal is to cultivate better economic bean seeds, but without huge basic research, it is difficult for us to do this. Therefore, what we need to do is a comprehensive research on leguminous crops, and the system goes deep into various aspects.
If this is the case, we may need to continue to increase some funds, and I personally hope to invite some suitable assistants from Russia."
Song Biao weighed it for a moment and agreed readily: "There is no problem at all. It is definitely not a problem in terms of funding. I will always support you and Fengtian Agricultural Research Institute. I only make one suggestion, that is, Fengtian Agricultural Research Institute must
Take on some student training work. You need to recruit some suitable Chinese students, guide them in their studies, and become suitable
Assistants, or even assign them to do some research work. As the director of this institute, you have every right to invite other experts you think are appropriate to come here to work with you. However, whether you want to engage in basic research or economics
Crop research. I hope you can cultivate suitable bean seeds for the three northeastern provinces as soon as possible and continue to improve."
Dr. Almolo Nuñerico happily agreed and said: "This is simply great. There won't be any problems, Your Excellency the Governor."
Song Biao nodded, and then asked Dr. Almolo Nunerico: "As a Russian expert in botany and economic crops, in your opinion, the climate environment and characteristics of the Northeast are suitable for planting."
Other crops... Or let me ask you this, how do you think agriculture in the three northeastern provinces should be developed, and what new aspects should we focus on?"
"oh."
Dr. Almolo Nunerico exclaimed and said to Song Biao: "This is a big topic. To put it simply, I personally feel that the climate environment of the three eastern provinces is relatively close to that of Germany.
The three provinces should be more suitable for growing soybeans and sugar beets, two cash crops. From a general perspective, I think the development potential of agriculture in the three northeastern provinces will be amazing. Agriculture is a very
It is a very broad topic, for example, it also includes animal husbandry, forestry, fishery, etc. From this point of view, the three northeastern provinces have a lot of room for development in almost all fields of agriculture. Especially in animal husbandry and forestry
The space in the three northeastern provinces is very broad, including the soybeans and sugar beets we are talking about. If used rationally, the by-products of these two cash crops are suitable for processing feed."
After Dr. Almolo Nuñerico said it, Song Biao remembered the beet matter and said: "Yes. You can also consider the beet matter."
Dr. Almolo Nunerico said: "We can introduce sugar beet seeds from Germany and find a place in the three northeastern provinces for trial planting. If the effect is good, it is best to invest in some sugar mills at the same time, and it is best to be more dispersed.
Some, this will help reduce sugar beet processing and transportation costs. From a general perspective, the agricultural development of the three northeastern provinces is definitely inseparable from the commercialization of cash crops and the widespread opening of railways."
Song Biao nodded silently, and then simply translated everything he discussed with Dr. Almolo Nuñerico to Wang Yongjiang and Jin Dingxun, and then told these two people: "I will give you scientific advice."
We will arrange a Russian translator here, and you will need to closely cooperate with the work of the Fengtian Agricultural Research Institute for a long time to come."
After hearing a series of good news from Song Biao and Dr. Almolo Nuñerico, Wang Yongjiang and Jin Dingxun were equally happy and nodded in agreement with Song Biao's arrangement.
Back in this era, those who did not grow soybeans must have IQ problems. In the international market, the annual international transaction volume of soybeans is about 2.5 million tons, with a total transaction volume of nearly 100 million pounds, and the total transaction volume is increasing at a rate of 5% every year.
Increasingly. After slow development, it took Northeastern soybeans twenty years to occupy half of the entire international soybean export market.
In the past two decades, the dominance of soybean trade in the three northeastern provinces has always been in the hands of Russia and Japan. Even so, it was enough to ensure that the economic development speed of the entire three northeastern provinces exceeded that of the rest of the country. When Zhang Zuolin was in charge of the Northeast, the economy of the Northeast was
The scale has exceeded that of Shanghai and Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions.
If this speed can be accelerated and Northeastern soybeans can occupy half of the international market within five years, and firmly control the trade dominance of Northeastern soybeans, or even directly monopolize the entire trade, how much benefit will this bring?
Fifty million pounds flows into the three eastern provinces every year. How much silver will this bring?
Selling oil can help the Soviet Union quickly become a major industrial country in the world. Oil was not as widely used in international industry in the early 20th century as soybeans. As long as it is done well, selling soybeans can make the three northeastern provinces the richest regions in Asia, and
There is no one.
Song Biao wanted to do this as well as possible at this time. After talking for a long time with Dr. Almolo Nuñerico, Wang Yongjiang, and Jin Dingxun, he had already made up his mind to build the Dongqing Railway.
A large number of soybean planting areas have been established along the railway lines and branch lines to reduce taxes.
Policies and various other means are used to forcefully promote soybean planting, improve bean seeds, improve planting techniques, improve water conservancy and irrigation conditions in soybean planting areas through various means, and do everything possible to increase the high-quality rate of soybeans in the three northeastern provinces and increase the export scale of soybeans in the three northeastern provinces.
.
In this era without chemical fertilizers, pesticides and biotechnology, Northeastern soybeans are definitely the best soybeans in the world. They have no rivals in the international market.
Regarding sugar beet cultivation, Song Biao also specifically assigned Jin Dingxun to be responsible for cooperating with the Fengtian Agricultural Research Institute to carry out related introduction work. If the effect is good, he should immediately start to formulate a huge plan to establish a complete sugar beet industry in the three northeastern provinces.
industry.
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