As the top commander on the front line, Song Biao personally arrived on the battlefield to inspect. He was not to direct the army in combat, but to further accurately confirm the combat effectiveness of the Japanese army and the Northeastern Army.
War is the only practical standard to test the level of military combat effectiveness.
On the Chunniling Highlands, Song Biao carefully inspected all the Japanese army's fortifications. It was probably because of the heavy losses suffered in the Liaoyang Battle. Compared with the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese Army had obviously made great progress in the construction theory of fortifications.
Progress, the fortifications in Chunniling and the entire Qingcheng defense line have an obvious point-line-surface depth system.
The Japanese army built multi-layer trenches and more than 20 earthen forts on the sloping ridge about 700 meters long in the Chunni Ridge Highlands. There were also several solid bunkers built with cement. The barbed wire was stretched very wide, and more than 20 barbed wires were used.
The firepower of heavy machine guns is deployed to strangle large-area attacks.
Offense and defense are always a pair of spears and shields in modern warfare. If fortifications are used for stronger defense, how to attack a stronger fortification system? These two points are important indicators to test the positional warfare level of the troops.
The Battle of Chunniling Highlands had just ended. Corpses of the Northeastern Army were scattered everywhere on the hillside. The blasted corpses were scattered everywhere, and the land was dyed red with blood. Layers of new soil and debris were also blasted away by artillery around the Japanese military fortifications.
The rocks and fire are still burning, and the smoke is billowing.
Experience told Song Biao that this battle was not brutal. The Japanese army's defenses were indeed of a certain level, but the defense design still failed to make adequate preparations for large-scale artillery attacks. The trenches were relatively small.
Shallow. There are too many earth fortifications, too few bunkers, and especially the lack of facilities such as cat-ear holes, making the infantry easily injured in the covering strikes of shrapnel.
On this high ground, the Northeast Army lost about 600 soldiers, but they still relied on artillery and infantry coordination to attack quickly without fear of sacrifice under the cover of artillery fire and machine guns. Popnin submachine guns and shotguns were used to clear the trenches.
the enemy in the
The solid cement bunker uses shelling, grenade blasting, and even a 37mm rapid-fire machine gun. Aim at the hole to fire phosphorus smoke bombs to suppress the enemy's machine guns. The final solution is to rely on soldiers to rush up and kill the inside with grenades.
of enemies.
Next to a bunker that had been blasted open, soldiers were carrying their comrades who died on the battlefield. When they saw the emperor appearing on the battlefield, everyone was particularly happy and sad.
Some soldiers were eager to run over, and the non-commissioned officers stood up to stop them. Song Biao raised his hand to greet them from a long distance away, indicating that they could continue working and not pay attention to his arrival.
War is an empirical matter that can be predicted. How many people and ammunition are usually required to capture a high ground or a bunker are relatively stable figures. Unless the opponent's morale drops significantly in the later period, or the ammunition supply is exhausted.
When Song Biao inspected Chunniling, he had a more accurate estimate of the combat strength level of the Northeastern Army and the Japanese Army. Only when the war actually started could he estimate the opponent's level and prove his own level.
Evaluating based on the performance of this battle, Song Biao roughly guessed that in order to complete his battle plan, the entire Northeastern Army would have to sacrifice about 50,000 soldiers out of nearly 500,000 soldiers.
If he is willing to pay such a price, the five divisions of the Japanese army will basically be within a hundred kilometers of the south side of the Yalu and Tumen rivers.
Hearing that Song Biao was coming, Chen Wu and Sun Shulin, the commander of the 14th Infantry Division, dared to come in a hurry. They both rushed over on horseback. When they arrived in front of Song Biao, they saluted. Sun Shulin was in good condition.
Chen Wu was obviously personally commanding at the front line. He was covered in dirt and dust, and his face was also full of gray. He looked quite embarrassed, but his happiness was genuine.
Song Biao happily shook hands with them and praised: "This battle was very good. Keep working hard. I think you won't give Masataro Fukuda a good life."
Chen Wu laughed and said: "Your Majesty, we are really overkill. Two divisions surrounded their brigade and captured it easily."
Song Biao hummed and said, "It's one thing that we have more troops. You guys did a good job."
After saying this, he and Sun Shulin asked: "Is the situation over there with the 14th Division still stable?"
Sun Shulin nodded and said: "Stable, the training level of the Fourteenth Division is still good. After adjusting the equipment and organization, and replacing a group of officers, including establishing the staff office system, the reorganization is relatively good at present.
.I used an infantry regiment to fight a regiment of the Japanese 21st Brigade. We had the advantage and kept them pinned outside the 158th Ridge."
Song Biao praised: "Okay, as long as the Fourteenth Division is stable, there is no reason for the Fifteenth and Twelfth Divisions to be unstable. The Northeastern Army, the New Army and the Patrol Army can all execute orders steadily."
, moving forward, the Japanese army has no reason not to lose."
Sun Shulin said: "Your Majesty is wise."
The 14th Infantry Division was reorganized from the Fourth Town, which was Yuan Shikai's direct unit. In order to reorganize it, the Army Ministry first exchanged a group of troops and officers with the 20th Town and the 22nd Town.
A large number of recruits and non-commissioned officers were recruited from the Northeast Patrol Army to supplement the troops. The division commander was Sun Shulin, the former instructor of the 1st Cavalry Division, and Guo Yuchi, who was from the Far Eastern Department, was appointed as the instructor.
At this time, Song Biao was not sure about the combat level of the Japanese army, so he asked Chen Wu and Sun Shulin: "What do you think of the current level of the Japanese army?"
Chen Wu immediately said: "It's worse. It's worse than the Russo-Japanese War. Your Majesty, let's put it this way. If I were to guard Chunni Ridge, there would be the same infantry regiment here. Even if others were three
If an infantry regiment attacks, I can hold on for at least three days. Not only is the Japanese army's equipment worse than ours this time, but the soldiers are not as capable and courageous as last time. Let's put it this way...!"
He gestured carelessly, pointing from the trench left by the Japanese army to the temporary fortification in front, and said: "There is a distance of three hundred meters from that point to the Japanese defense line. First, the artillery fired 6,000 rounds of artillery shells.
Two bunkers hidden in the middle
It exploded. I personally mobilized 110 light machine guns, more than 200 Popnin submachine guns and more than 20 heavy machine guns to suppress the opponent. However, the opponent's infantry regiment only had less than 10 heavy machine guns. I not only had machine guns
and submachine guns, and grenade launchers
, mortars and machine guns, suppressing them and hitting them. The Japanese soldiers did not dare to shoot at all. As a result, our two charge companies easily tore open the openings from both sides. It only took me 20 minutes to suppress this wave. The Japanese soldiers were completely
There is no time to react. If you wait
In the past, even if we rushed up, the Japanese army wouldn't all put up their bayonets and fight us head-on? No, they had nothing. They surrendered directly, so I say that the Japanese army is not as capable as before, otherwise it will be beaten by us.
I was stunned."
Song Biao nodded slightly. He also felt that the attack went smoothly.
In his analysis, he has always felt that the military quality of the third-level officers of the Japanese army, generals and lieutenants, is still very good. They have accumulated war experience and strict training and theory. The Northeast Army has a big gap in this aspect, mainly due to the recruitment of Russian soldiers.
Military advisors and the implementation of the staff headquarters system are used to make up for this.
In terms of soldiers, the quality, spirit and combat level of both sides are similar. However, as for the non-commissioned officers, the Japanese veterans suffered heavy injuries in the Russo-Japanese War and there is insufficient follow-up replacement. The Northeast Army has a large number of non-commissioned officers’ accelerated education mechanism and continuous training.
They were trained in bandit warfare and were relatively better than the Japanese army.
As for equipment and theory, the Northeast Army is obviously much higher than the Japanese Army.
After a real fight, the question of who is stronger and who is weaker, and how much stronger and weaker will really come to light.
Song Biao turned to Sun Shulin and asked, "What do you think?"
Sun Shulin was obviously not as arrogant as Chen Wu and replied: "Strength and weakness are all relative. As far as the 14th Division is concerned, the Japanese army is really not weak. There are only two key differences. One is our army's attack and
The speed of action is fast. The second reason is that our army has a large number of troops, and other reasons are secondary."
Song Biao replied noncommittally: "Perhaps, fast advance and fierce attack have been the consistent requirements of our army over the years. The Japanese army is not yet accustomed to such speed. Before they sort out their ideas and countermeasures, the armies must continue to speed up the attack at all costs."
The price is to constantly and quickly encircle and annihilate the opponent. We must continue to attack and encircle. It is getting late.
, you go back first and continue to command the troops. You must also take the opportunity to move forward at night and strive to completely annihilate the Japanese Fifth Division before 12 noon tomorrow. The three divisions will then encircle and annihilate the Sixth Division and the reinforcements of the Korean rebels, and stabilize the situation.
Shuozhou, go south to attack Taichuan County, and prepare for the decisive battle with the Japanese Manchurian Army Third Army in Taichuan."
"yes!"
Chen Wu and Sun Shulin obeyed the order at the same time and left Chunni Ridge together.
Song Biao continued to study in Chunniling for a while, carefully checking some details of the Japanese army's fortifications, and asked the translator to sort out the documents of the Japanese 9th Brigade as soon as possible, so that the staff could more accurately estimate the Japanese army.
combat level.
From 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., within 12 hours, Song Biao used three infantry divisions and seven newly formed infantry regiments, plus the Northeast Artillery Corps to encircle and annihilate the Japanese 9th Brigade and the 5th Division directly under the
The 5th Field Artillery Regiment and the more than 3,000 Korean rebels relied on the four words "rapid advance and fierce attack."
This kind of speed and fierceness is a stable inertia gradually formed during training and equipment adjustment. It is like a person with quick hands and feet who can do everything quickly. When the Northeast Army attacks quickly according to this inertia, the Japanese army will be beaten as soon as they come up.
Confused.
The commander-in-chief of the Japanese Manchurian Army, General Oshima Yoshimasa, is indeed not as good as Oyama Iwa. Such a dispersed arrangement seems to be comprehensive. When faced with a force like the Northeastern Army that pursues fast and fierce maneuvers and quick attacks and annihilations, he really can't beat him no matter how hard he fights.
of.
After confirming that the Japanese army could not adapt to the combat characteristics of the Northeast Army for the time being, Song Biao seemed much more relaxed. After returning to the front-line temporary command headquarters, he did not make too many adjustments and let the entire army forcibly advance according to the original plan.
In order to avoid the advantage of the Japanese navy, Song Biao and the General Staff conducted a lot of analysis and decided to set the main direction of the Northeast Army's offensive in Shuozhou, attack Taichuan all the way south from Shuozhou, and use Shuozhou and Turtle City to attack Taichuan.
Create a fuss about the passage connecting multiple basins between Taichuan and Sichuan, and establish a supply line hundreds of kilometers long on this line.
In the section of the Yalu River between Taiping Bay and Jiulian Town, the Northeastern Army sank many steamers to block the river, preventing the Japanese Navy's small warships from going up the river. They took the opportunity to build many bridges around Hekou Island to improve the entire
The supply line of the Northeastern Army.
Before capturing Taichon, the 4th Infantry Division would also bypass Soju and move south, leaving only the 1st Infantry Division and the 12th Infantry Division to attack the Japanese 3rd Division stationed between Uiju and Sinuiju, but not to annihilate them.
.Prevent the Japanese Manchurian Army's Third Army from hastily retreating when the situation is over.
After the main force separates the Third Army, the 1st and 12th Infantry Divisions, with the support of the 2nd Artillery Brigade, must annihilate the 3rd Division as soon as possible, and the entire army will converge southward to fight the decisive battle with the Japanese Third Army in Taichuan.
All of Song Biao's tactical plans were based on one thing, which was to make full use of the Northeastern Army's characteristics of good equipment, large supplies, fast speed, and fierce attacks. He was not afraid of sacrifices and injuries, fought decisively with speed, and continuously achieved encirclement and annihilation of the enemy with several times the force.
combat objectives.
…
As we all know, Suvorov's military theory did not receive real attention in the Soviet Union until the 20th century. The military general who really carried forward this theory and effectively solved the balance between "fast" and "fierce" before the 1950s was
Mr. Su. Mr. Su's method is also very simple, which is to break through the inertia of traditional military organization and greatly expand the size of each column. Emphasize the ability of rapid mobile combat and use the advantage of numbers to solve the constraints of "fast" and light troop equipment.
The Northeast Army is basically implementing this policy, and on this basis, it emphasizes three major strengths. First, the basic skills of artillery and infantry coordinated operations are very solid. It can be said that an army can be formed without artillery, and it will win with artillery;
Firstly, it has strong capabilities in large-scale maneuverable surprise operations and outflanking operations; thirdly, in small-scale areas, small groups of elite troops have strong capabilities in sudden penetration and infiltration operations.
In addition to the three major specialties, the Northeastern Army also emphasizes the expansion of the supply troops, focusing on organizing militia to participate in the war through recruitment, propaganda, forced recruitment, etc., making full use of China's manpower advantages to greatly increase supply and transportation capabilities.
The strength of the Japanese Army is not weak. It is stronger than the Northeastern Army in many aspects, but in the initial stage it was extremely unsuitable to the Northeastern Army's combat style and new tactics under the new theory.
Before the command organization had time to react, the troops were already surrounded and divided.
They were constantly surrounded on several sides by forces four or five times their own. This situation was just like the situation during the War of Liberation and the U.S. Army in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea. In fact, the overall strategic plan made by the Northeast Army on the Korean battlefield and the Huaihai Campaign
, the first battle to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea also has great similarities.
A brigade of the Japanese army is usually responsible for a defense line of about three kilometers. According to the experience during the Russo-Japanese War, especially the experience of the Liaoyang Battle, such a defensive posture can hold the position for three to three times even when facing four or five times the enemy force.
Five days is enough time for the headquarters to send troops for reinforcements, but in reality
In a battle, it usually only takes two hours for the entire defense line to be continuously broken through, penetrated, and finally divided and cut. The entire defense line troops are surrounded and besieged, reinforcements are intercepted, and they have to hold up hundreds of doors, or even high-rise buildings.
The pressure of thousands of artillery pieces faced the siege of two or three divisions of the Northeast Army.
Faced with a special offensive like the Northeastern Army, the Japanese army lacked sufficient understanding and corresponding experience from top to bottom. It originally thought it could withstand the offensive for three days, but was annihilated in one day. It originally thought it could hold on, but in the end it took just a few hours.
He was beaten to the headquarters within a short time. He originally thought that reinforcements would arrive soon, but as a result, he was not wiped out yet, and the reinforcements were defeated halfway.
Under such a complicated situation, all the Japanese generals and colonels did not know how to command and dispatch the troops, how to predict and evaluate the opponent's attack, and the middle and lower-level non-commissioned officers and soldiers did not know what was going on with their troops. They thought it was
The extremely brave and elite steel troops were beaten into mud as soon as they went into battle and were slaughtered by others. There were ambushes everywhere. This feeling was really terrible. The troops had been defeated and the officers still didn't understand what was wrong.
The Northeastern Army took the initiative to launch an attack on April 5, 1911. In just three days, the Northeastern Army defeated the Japanese Fifth Division in Shuozhou and the Third Division of Yizhou, as well as the Sixth Division that came for reinforcements.
The regiment was defeated. The Fifth Division, the Third Division and the First Artillery Brigade were directly surrounded and annihilated by multiple troops. More than 4,000 Japanese and Korean soldiers surrendered and became prisoners. Only one brigade of the Sixth Division was in distress.
Withdraw to Bochuan County.
This unreasonable large-scale and bold rapid penetration of the Northeastern Army made the Japanese army embarrassed. Oshima Yoshimasa and the Japanese Army Headquarters were also incredulous. The Japanese Manchurian Army's Third Army stationed in Pyongyang, Anju, and Jiechuan had no time to do anything.
Without any adjustments, the 3rd Infantry Division quickly advanced to Yongbyon, and the 4th Infantry Division advanced to Dingzhou, forming a two-line pincer attack.
Oshima Yimasa's military deployment once again put the Japanese army into an extremely embarrassing situation. Neither the Korean rebels stationed in Jiechuan nor the Japanese fifth reserve brigade stationed in Anju could retreat. The main Japanese second division stationed in Pyongyang
We can't move forward easily. The situation is as awkward as the previous arrangement on the Yalu River line.
The Northeastern Army's offensive was so fast, and the defeat of the Japanese Army exceeded all previous expectations, so that the Japanese Navy was completely unprepared. At this time, it belatedly rushed to Dingzhou from Lushun Port and Nanpu Port with the intention of
Use warships' artillery to assist the remnants of the Japanese army in Dingzhou to defend it.
The Japanese army was defeated all the way on the western front, and it also suffered many rapid sieges on the eastern front, causing heavy damage. The speed of the defeat completely exceeded everyone's expectations. Even Song Biao did not predict the defeat of the Japanese army.
So fast.
…
Tumenjiang battlefield on the Eastern Front.
At 9 o'clock in the evening on April 4, 1911, the 5th, 6th and 27th Divisions of the Eastern Front Army, the 3rd Artillery Brigade and 12 new regiments of the Yanji and Jilin Patrol Forces, with a total of 37 regiment commanders and
Regiment instructors collectively arrived at the frontline headquarters of the Eastern Front Theater.
As the deputy commander-in-chief of the Central Army's Northeast Defense Revolutionary Army, Jiang Yanxing concurrently serves as the commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front and the commander of the Eastern Front Group Army. He is also the highest local military commander. For him, this is obviously a heavy test.
Commander Wu Yuanze of the 6th Division, Brigadier Shan Qipeng of the 3rd Artillery Brigade, and Jiang Yanxing all graduated from the first batch of Japanese Army Corps students. They were classmates. At this time, they also served as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front and served as the 5th Infantry Division.
General von Eske, a major general of the Tsarist Russian Army who had served as an instructor for many years, served as the top military adviser on the Eastern Front.
General von Eske did not attend the meeting. First-class chamberlain Jiang Zuobin secretly arrived in Yanji with His Majesty the Emperor's handwritten handwriting to convene the secret pre-war mobilization meeting on behalf of the Emperor.
In the Western Front Theater, such a meeting was presided over by the emperor himself two days ago.
Commanders and staff officers from the Eastern Front Theater also gathered here, which can be said to be the best of the Northeast Army. Jiang Yanxing, Wu Youzhen, Chang Wanchun, Wu Yuanze, Shan Qipeng, Zhang Liangyuan and Wan Tingxian ranked first.
One row represents the war zone
The commander-in-chief and deputy commander-in-chief and the chief-deputy chief of staff were at the first level, while 74 regimental commanders, including Li Fugui, Li Zhaoyun, Zhu Zhaoxiong, Zhang Ceping, Liu Li'ao, Liu Tingwu, Huang Benpu, Xia Zhankui, Yuan Zonghan, Gao Kuien, and the instructor stood in the back rows.
The atmosphere in the war room was solemn.
Jiang Zuobin was wearing the black military uniform of a first-class chamberlain, and with a solemn expression he walked into the hall holding a gilt-yellow envelope with a pattern of red and red dragons seizing pearls. He turned around and faced the generals.
He opened the envelope and took out the letter from the inside to remind everyone: "Generals of the army, this is the handwriting of the Holy One, and I will read it here on behalf of the Holy One."
After hearing these words, all the generals, led by Commander-in-Chief Jiang Yanxing and Chief of Staff Wu Youzhen, collectively bowed to Jiang Zuobin with the etiquette of a saint.
Jiang Zuobin then began to read the emperor's handwritten letter aloud, saying: "The soldiers of the army are working hard in Yanji to serve the country. I deeply feel that it is a blessing for the country. Because I am commanding the three armies on the western front and cannot go to the eastern front in person, I can only write this handwritten note as a promulgation. I hope that
various
You are trustworthy and considerate of you, and you are fully aware of the thoughts of me and the people. The current trend is that Britain and Japan colluded to humiliate our country, in an attempt to prevent our country from being unified, to divide the nation, and to weaken it for a long time.
non-soldier
The war cannot be resolved. Only by proving the prestige of our people can Britain and Japan recognize the dignity of our nation. Only by sacrificing our lives can we defend the dignity of the Chinese nation. The three armies can seize the commander.
An ordinary man cannot seize his ambition, and a nation cannot seize its dignity. Five thousand years ago, the Yan-Huang alliance was formed. Since then, our Chinese nation has flourished, repeatedly created brilliance, and has great ambitions. It has written history since the Xia and Zhou Dynasties, and has existed since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
Roots of Chinese Civilization
Foundation, five thousand years of history, three thousand years of glory, endless inheritance. As a nation, our Chinese nation should be the best in the world, but now we are bullied and oppressed by foreign thieves. It is really a humiliation for us men. Life is precious, and family
Although it is important, parents should be supported and children should be nurtured, but if we endure humiliation and live in an ignoble existence for this reason, let the country be divided, let the nation be bullied, let foreign countries trample on my compatriots, massacre my compatriots, and wait for my husband.
Why should we be worthy of being human beings when we were born in this world? Let alone us soldiers? The history of our nation has been ten thousand years in the past and will be ten thousand years in the future. How can it be destroyed by the hands of our generation? Because our generation
People are selfish and timid, which leads to the death of the nation
This small country is at the hands of the Japanese. If this is true, why should we be human? Twenty million Chinese men should commit suicide to thank their ancestors and descendants. Starting from me, everyone should commit suicide. Why bother living in the world to waste rice and grain?
That’s all.”
Until he read this, Jiang Zuobin paused and glanced at everyone, and waited for a moment before continuing to read: "Therefore, I hope that you will fight with me on the battlefield and fight Japan to the death, at all costs, even if the entire army is defeated.
Corpses litter the fields, and all the soldiers and soldiers in the army have killed their brothers and uncles. We should also annihilate the Japanese army."
After hearing these words, the generals in various departments were filled with anger. They were extremely excited, and finally knew that the news of the emperor's personal expedition was indeed true, and he really wanted to have a showdown with the Japanese army.
Jiang Yanxing didn't know how long the letter was. But seeing that Jiang Zuobin had not officially handed over the emperor's edict to him, and that there was probably more to come, he felt uneasy.
He has been following the emperor for six years. He has always been deeply cultivated and taught by the emperor. He has repeatedly had the opportunity to lead various regiments to participate in the battles to encircle and suppress bandits. In the Northeast Army, his talents have never been conspicuous and outstanding. He can only be steady and steady.
He was just famous, but he always got the most and best opportunities and cultivation, which made him extremely grateful, and he was always determined to swear allegiance to the emperor.
But at this moment, he didn't know whether he could shoulder the important task entrusted to him by the emperor.
He was really worried that if he lost the war, it would really harm not only the country, but also the nation and the emperor. At that time, he would not be able to forgive himself even if he committed suicide a thousand times, let alone undo the losses he had caused to the country and the emperor.
Listening to this handwriting, Jiang Yanxing felt even more uneasy.
While the generals were waiting for the emperor to give the final general instructions on the Eastern Front battlefield, Jiang Zuobin put away the manuscript and continued to fold it back into the envelope, saying: "For the sake of confidentiality, His Majesty's final instructions on the Eastern Front battlefield were not written in
In the handwritten letter, I will dictate it on my behalf, so all colleagues should keep it in mind."
Jiang Yanxing and others bowed again and said: "Thank you, Your Excellency, Chamberlain Jiang!"
Jiang Zuobin said: "Your Majesty said that from the Anti-French War to the Russo-Japanese War, there has been no major breakthrough in the army's military combat theory in the past hundred years, especially taking the Russo-Japanese War as an example. Although a large number of new operations appeared during the war,
methods, such as trench warfare and machine gun blockade and suppression, etc., but in terms of combat theory, they are still the same.
In the past, line-type passive defense was the mainstay. Both warring parties imitated the combat thinking of the Napoleonic era, deploying defense lines on the front line and shrinking some of the main forces at the rear as total mobile forces. Whether it was a two-line operation or a three-line operation, all
Focusing on the principle of frontal advancement and duel between the main forces, military thought emphasizes modern military
The advancement of events and the cooperation of multiple arms, as well as the suppression and counter-suppression strikes of artillery superiority. The Japanese army is still implementing this thinking. Whether it is on the western front or in the eastern front defense posture, it has completely retained this classic
The basic principles of military combat theory, and our army’s offensive in the Eastern and Western Front wars broke through the traditional combat theory
The constraints of theory. Taking the Eastern Front battlefield as an example, the general guiding ideology of this war is 'attack at multiple points and advance with key points'. These eight words are the most emphasized by His Majesty, and they are also what all colleagues must keep in mind.
We must adhere to the overall policy and have absolute confidence in the new combat thinking, and never lose confidence midway due to heavy casualties."
After a pause, Jiang Zuobin continued to add: "In addition, His Majesty dictated that the Eastern Front battlefield is related to Yanji and the so-called Jiandao dispute. It is a matter of great importance and cannot be lost. However, the divisions on the Eastern Front are temporary organizations, and each department is in order to
To adapt to this operation, there have been large-scale adjustments in equipment and large-scale training of new tactics. Because of the time
In such a hurry, I am afraid that all the ministries may not be able to adapt effectively. However, under the general policy of "attack at multiple points and advance with key points", all ministries forcefully advance and attack the high ground and key points of the Japanese army. Sacrifice is inevitable. Therefore, all generals must have
Be prepared to make heavy sacrifices, and at the same time strictly abide by the Western Front Theater Group Army Staff
There must be no selfish motives in all orders given by the Supreme Commander. We must have absolute trust in each other and be worthy of the trust of other ministries. At the same time, His Majesty has decreed that after the victory of this war, all ministries that perform qualified, even the patrol corps,
Each new regiment will also be officially converted into the official establishment of the Central Army. I hope you will tell me.
Subordinates, you must have the courage to dare to compete with the Japanese army. Finally, Your Majesty asked me to convey that I wish you all, under the leadership of the Western Front Theater Group Army Headquarters, to win bravely and annihilate the two Japanese divisions in one fell swoop. Our final victory
The goal is to prevent a single Japanese soldier from leaving Chinese territory alive, and this is also His Majesty’s determination.”
"Follow the Holy Order!"
When all the generals and officers present heard these last words, their willpower became even more determined.
As the supreme decision-maker of the Northeast Army's military ideology and theory, Song Biao's operational plans for the eastern and western fronts in this war were completely different. If the eastern front was a replica of the Huaihai Campaign, then the western front was a replica of the Chinese and Russian forces in World War I. A replica of the Brusilov Offensive on the German-Russian battlefield. The guidelines behind both tactical plans are completely different.
In the Western Front Theater, in the mountainous area from Maoshan to Hunchun, the Japanese Army, the Korean Army and the Northeastern Army each controlled dozens of important highlands and faced each other. Their military deployments were intertwined, making it difficult to carry out large-scale and wide-scale military mobilization.
Therefore, Song Biao has been considering launching a Brusilov Offensive in this area since September last year with "multiple points of attack and focused advance". From March last year to March this year, the total production of Shenyang Arsenal and Benxi Arsenal 140 million Popnin submachine guns were purchased, half of which were installed in the Western Front Theater. The purpose was to make the Western Front Theater more reliable in fighting the Brusilov Offensive.
Considering that the Northeastern Army's general-level qualities, qualifications, prestige, experience and abilities were lower than those of the Japanese Army, and Jiang Yanxing also lacked the prestige to coordinate divisions, Song Biao could actually only adopt this tactical plan. The unit is reduced to the regiment level, and fourteen elite infantry regiments are organized to serve as the main force. Each regiment is matched with a second-level regiment and a new regiment, as well as an artillery battalion and militia team, and multi-point attacks are organized at fourteen points. , launched two key breakthroughs at Hedongling and Liudonggou on the north side of Tianfozhi Mountain, and divided the troops into two groups to pin down the Japanese troops in Maoshan and Huining.
From the Anti-French War to the Russo-Japanese War, modern military has increasingly developed in a more scientific direction. Especially in the Franco-Prussian War, the layer-by-layer combat system implemented by the German army has long become the mainstream of the world's military, just like the pawns in chess. In the front, the horse runs in the center, and the military minister follows behind. Everything should be systematic and step-by-step.
In this war, both the Eastern and Western Fronts used combat ideas that were completely beyond conventional theories and got rid of the shackles of "On War". Based on the basic principles of rapid and fierce attack that the Northeast Army traditionally adhered to, the Western Front campaign Adopting General Su's mobile encirclement and annihilation theory, the Eastern Front campaign adopted General Brusilov's all-out offensive theory from the German and Russian battlefields of World War I.
The Brusilov Offensive was Russia's most successful tactical innovation in World War I. It was also the most creative and determined large-scale battle in which the Russian army fought in World War I. If it had not been for the insertion of the main force of the German army, the Austrian army would have been destroyed. The 450-kilometer defense line built by the Hungarian Empire will be quickly torn into pieces by the Russian army. This theory first grasps the shortcomings of the late-mover advantage theory in the traditional "On War" military thinking that emphasizes retaining the main mobile force. Through large-scale military A forceful attack prevents the enemy from identifying the specific direction of the main attack, and is unable to mobilize reserve forces to support the front line in a targeted manner. It then achieves breakthroughs in key areas, defeats multiple enemy defense openings, tears open the defense line, and inserts key points such as command and material transfer behind enemy lines. area, forcing the enemy to completely rout.
In this offensive, the artillery troops no longer require centralized large-scale attacks and deep attacks. Instead, the artillery troops are dispersed to various infantry regiments. Each regiment controls a small number of artillery and uses more flexible, precise and short artillery strikes. It is different from traditional large-scale persistent bombardment, because long-term large-scale bombardment can always be easily detected, giving the enemy ample time to implement targeted fortification construction, as well as disrupt transportation, battlefields, etc., while being short and flexible The artillery bombardment is difficult to defend, and the infantry unit is required to organize a large number of more elite small commandos, with the company as the basic unit, to concentrate firepower and machine guns to find the opponent's weak areas on the battlefield.
This tactic is actually the predecessor of the German penetration tactics (Hutil tactics). After the Brusilov offensive, the German army absorbed many advantages of this offensive and put forward the theory of penetration tactics, which changed the subsequent infantry combat.
Many basic principles in thought.
Compared with the Brusilov Offensive, the Northeastern Army first strengthened the training of penetration tactics and improved equipment on the Western Front battlefield. The entire army reduced barrel artillery equipment on a large scale, and even the number of heavy machine guns was reduced.
Each squad is equipped with a Madsen light machine gun and a Popnin submachine gun. Each row is equipped with a 60mm mortar. Each company is equipped with the M1910 newly improved 80mm mortar. The same is used at the battalion level.
Mortar replacement barrel artillery.
In the main assault force, each squad is usually expanded to 20 people, equipped with three Popnin submachine guns, grenade launchers, or grenade launchers, plus a Madsen light machine gun, which improves the unit's penetration capabilities.
Greatly enhanced.
In the additional artillery battalions allocated to each regiment, the barrel artillery has also been replaced with the m1908 75mm light field gun. The third artillery brigade has been split up and organized into various units. Only the sixth artillery regiment retains 32...
The 105mm Krupp light howitzer and some 9cm bronze mortars and cannons are under the direct control of the military headquarters.
Although Song Biao could not go to the Eastern Front battlefield in person to boost morale, First Class Chamberlain Jiang Zuobin successfully completed this task. After the outbreak of the Western Front Campaign, at 6:10 a.m. on April 6, 1911, Jiang Yanxing commanded the Eastern Front Group Army
Officially launched a multi-point offensive against the Japanese and Korean troops.
Unlike the Northeast Army, which has made substantial progress in military theory, equipment and tactical training in the past six years, the Japanese Army has not made any progress in military theory as it did during the Russo-Japanese War six years ago.
During the War of 1911, the Japanese army remained the same as during the Russo-Japanese War.
The same deployment was adopted, and its obvious common feature is to deploy the troops along the defense line, retaining a large number of reserve forces at the headquarters to wait for the enemy's main offensive to be exposed. The third army is the reserve of the first army, the second army, and each division.
There is a reserve infantry brigade, and the headquarters also has a general reserve division and brigade.
This kind of preemptive combat deployment is a typical static defense. It appeared in the Napoleonic era, was carried forward by Germany during the Franco-Prussian War, and was torn apart by the German army using Hutier tactics during World War I. It was gradually eliminated after World War I, and France
This tradition continued during World War II. As a result, the entire defense line was defeated by the German army before the main force could react, and the country was destroyed before all the war power could be unleashed.
In modern warfare, the progress of theory and the progress of equipment are synchronized. New equipment produces new theories, and new theories produce new equipment. This is a mutually reinforcing process, and stagnant development will be eliminated.!~!
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