"In addition, these special cell preservation solutions can always control the cells to be printed at low temperatures, keeping the entire cells in a state of dormancy and extremely low activity. This will help extend the storage period of these cells and provide a better environment for future generations.
3D printing buys time.
Of course, there are pros and cons to using liquids to preserve and transport cells. The biggest drawback is that these liquids adhere to these tiny cells. How to remove excess water from these cells before printing without damaging the cells is an extremely difficult problem.
technical problems to be solved.
In addition, there are millions of cells to be printed. Among such a large number, there will inevitably be some outliers, such as necrotic cells, mutated cells, heterosexual cells, etc. How to eliminate these cells? Don’t let them
These bad cells are also printed into organ tissues, which also requires an urgent technical problem to be solved.
In the past, it was basically impossible to solve this problem. But now with the help of artificial intelligence systems, we can monitor the status of these cells at all times during the transportation process of these cells. And use tiny probes to accurately remove the contaminants in a timely manner.
Those bad cells among these large populations of cells ensure that the cells used for printing are healthy and good cells."
Having said this, Wu Hao took a breath and said with a smile: "After solving such a series of problems, the next step is to print. How to adhere these different cell combinations together is also a problem we need to solve.
Use hot melt stacking or light curing?”
Wu Hao smiled and shook his head: "Cells are alive. How to stack these cells together in an orderly manner, whether it is hot melt stacking or light curing, is obviously not suitable. This requires a new printing technology.
As we all know, human wound healing generally requires several basic processes. The first is the acute inflammatory phase. The early changes in the wound include varying degrees of tissue necrosis and blood vessel rupture and bleeding. An inflammatory reaction occurs within a few hours. As a result, congestion, serous fluid, and
Exudation and white blood cells swim out, resulting in local redness and swelling. Subsequently, the blood and fibrinogen in the fluid that leaked out of the wound quickly solidified to form a clot, forming a scab on the surface to stop bleeding and isolate and protect the wound, preventing
Infection and other effects.
Next, comes the cell growth period. After two or three days of wound contraction, the entire layer of skin and subcutaneous tissue at the edge of the wound moves toward the center, so the wound shrinks rapidly until it stops in about two weeks.
The proliferation of granulation tissue and scar formation begin approximately on the third day after the injury. Granulation tissue grows from the bottom and edge of the wound to fill in the wound. Fibroblasts produce collagen fibers starting from five or six days, and collagen fibers form in the following week.
It is very active and then gradually slows down. As the number of collagen fibers increases, the scar formation process occurs. The scar is completely formed about one month after the injury. Possibly due to the effect of local tension, the collagen fibers in the scar eventually become parallel to the skin surface.
.
Therefore, during the printing process of organ tissue, we also need to simulate the process of wound healing by smearing and injecting a biogel based on collagen, which can evenly adhere these cells together and then be evenly absorbed by the cells.
, there will be no residual situation.
In this way, through continuous printing, we obtain a complete biological 3D printed organ tissue that we want."
"Simple, it seems very simple, but in fact there are still many problems that need to be solved. For example, we seem to have overlooked one problem, that is, where do the cells for organ tissue printing come from?"
Hearing this question, all the people watching the live broadcast began to get curious and talk about it. Indeed, where did these somatic cells used for printing come from? There are many speculations. Some said that they were directly dug out, dissolved and isolated from the patients, and others
Some say they got it from donors, while others say they made it themselves.
Wu Hao smiled and then replied: "In terms of obtaining cell sources, there have always been disagreements within our scientific research team. Some people believe that we should screen out a universal somatic cell group to undergo continuous cloning, cultivation and division.
Finally, the printing-specific biological cells we need are formed.
But there will be a problem, that is, the printed organ tissue is not the patient's own, and it will cause rejection when implanted in the patient's body. This requires the patient to constantly take medicine, and the lifespan of such organs is generally not long, and the prognosis is
The effect is average and cannot really restore the patient's health.
So other people think, why don’t we directly extract cell tissue from the patient and then clone it? The organs and tissues printed using these cells will not cause rejection when implanted into the patient, and the prognosis will be good.
, allowing patients to basically return to normal life.
Finally, after constant discussions and research, we chose the second method. Although it is more difficult and technically demanding, it can better cure patients and bring health to them.
In this way, we have to solve this somatic cell cloning technology. Again, this technology seems to be very simple. After all, in everyone's perception, cloning technology seems to have been available decades ago, and it should not be possible
What's the problem?
However, the cloning technology that everyone knows is very different from the cloning technology we need. We cannot use the mother body for cultivation, which will bring about a series of social moral, ethical and legal problems. So we can only carry out cultivation.
In vitro cloning culture requires us to develop an 'artificial z-uterus' or 'artificial placenta'.
And this equipment must be efficient enough to clone and culture enough cells in the shortest possible time.
As we all know, the condition of patients undergoing organ transplantation is generally very critical, so there is not much time to wait. This requires us to control both cell cloning and biological 3D printing within a very short period of time.
.
However, cell division and reproduction, including cloning, take time. Special hormone drugs can speed up the cell division and growth time. However, doing so will also cause harm, and problems will occur in the printed organs and tissues.
Implantation into the patient's body would pose a risk to the patient.
Therefore, a new cell cloning cultivation technology is needed, which can allow cells to divide and grow rapidly and healthily, so as to obtain enough cloned cells in the shortest time.
In order to develop this technology, we invested a lot of financial resources, manpower and material resources, and cooperated with famous domestic and international scientific research institutions, and the laboratory began a long road of scientific research and exploration.
We also invited relevant scientific research experts and hospital experts to conduct discussions and research, and finally obtained a set of feasible research plans."
