【Original data】Echigo's agriculture and cultivated land
After changing the name of Dochi Road to Yue, Xinjiang Prefecture was the second largest in Japan.
Xinjiang County and other post-Vietnamese areas, just changed the name, surface area of 12583.83 square km, including over 6 mountain peaks, lakes and rivers, forests and other non-agricultural areas.
The farmland has a large capacity of cultivation, which is over 2,500 square kilometers, and is one of the most established in the country.
It is also called the Xinteng Plain.It is a long-shaped plain that stretches from the center of Xinteng County to the north, extending north to south for about 100 km, east to west for about 10-25 km, and having an area of 2,070 km2.To the west and south is the length of the Dongcheng Hills. Hilly mountains such as Nishiyama, Doyama, and Yashiki, which are located in the southern part of the country, fly by, and in the south and east, the Echigo Mountains are bordered by the Shamonuma Hills and its extension, which limits the plain as a front mountain. The area is extremely low at 20 m.The Shinho River and the Akano River flow through the basin at the upstream stage, so they drop most of their load there during floods, and the development of an alluvial fan at the outlet to the plain is a problem.
The Xinchu Plain, the Nagoe Plain, the 2,070-square-kilometre Xinchu Plain, the Xinhuan River, the Atonogawa River, which is concentrated in China and China.
This is the new and the largest plain, which is also the main food industry district, and the agricultural industry district of Joetsu is located at 2,500 square kilometres.
Is the cultivated land of today's new generation somewhat small?It is one of the most established.
This is a prefectural ranking for ``cultivated land'' covering 47 prefectures.
Starting from the top, Hokkaido is in first place with 11,560 km2, second is Ibaraki Prefecture with 1,752 km2, and third is Shintō Prefecture with 1,744 km2.
Starting from the bottom, 47th place is East Kyoto with 77 km2, 46th place is Osaka Prefecture with 139 km2, and 45th place is Kanagawa Prefecture with 204 km2.
Hokkaido is not available, Ibaraki Prefecture is always a country, Shin-Tsu Prefecture is the second country, Ibaraki Prefecture is only one and a half large and small, the amount of cultivated land in Shin-Tsu Prefecture is small, and the reason is how many there are?
Front page: 2070 square kilometres of plains, currently in Xinzhu County, we only have 1744 square kilometres of cultivated land.
Brief explanation of the causes: Castle formation, industrialization, and modern Japan's environmental conservation, tree planting, and the expansion of cultivated land into mature forests.
Tokyo, Osaka, and Kanagawa have no cultivated land either, and they have lost a lot of cultivated land in big cities, and the luxury agricultural industry has died.
After re-reading the number of units, I am currently writing, and the amount of food in Xinze County is 4,000,000 koku.
How many people are there? Report from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Industries in Japan in 2012, which may be of interest to you, as well as the following research.
Japan's food consumption amount is 8604,000 吨, of which Xinsheng County 粮泻 萻贻质质 is 664,300 吨
In the end, we saw that Japan's food industry decreased in 10 years, and in the first year of the Heisei era it reached 8.6 million yen, which is of course not important.
Xinzi County has 664,300 liters of food, with over 99.5% of rice, wheat, and soybean yields.
This also shows from the side that Niigata Prefecture does not implement rice-wheat rotation or rice-bean rotation. From the data, we did not find the production of high-yielding crops such as corn. Fruit trees and industrial crops have an output of between a few thousand and 20,000 tons.
In the livestock industry, pork production is relatively high, which is not the point.
The key point is that the cultivated land area is 1,744 square kilometers, of which the rice field cultivated area is 1,197 square kilometers.
Then we calculate according to the ancient algorithm, 1197 square kilometers = 119,700 hectares ≈ 120,000 machi steps.
1 hectare ≈ 1 town step, 1 hectare = 15 acres, 1 town step = 10 square meters, 1 square meter ≈ 1.5 acres, 1 stone = 150KG
Niigata Prefecture's grain output is 664,300 tons, divided by 150KG, which equals 4,428,667 koku.
120,000 machibu = 1.2 million farmland. Then divide the data of 4,428,667 shi, and you can get the unit yield of 100,000 shi, which is 3.69 shi.
Is this data very high? We multiply 3.69 shi by 150 kilograms of 1 shi, and the result is 553.5 kilograms.
1 land = 1.5 acres, the grain yield is 553.5 kilograms, then the yield per mu is 369 kilograms.
Why go to such trouble to back-calculate? The purpose is to verify what the average grain output is in modern Japan, especially in Niigata Prefecture.
Many people will ask, why is Japan’s food output so low? According to my analysis, this is related to their farming habits, probably for the sake of agricultural protection. They do not use chemical fertilizers or pesticides, and they grow green food.
It is possible to engage in rice-wheat rotation to ensure the taste of Niigata rice and so on.
After analyzing the modern data, let’s take a look at ancient Echigo. The Taiko land inspection was 391,000 koku. You must know that Shigao is a very unreliable algorithm, which is to calculate grain output, grain output in disaster years and good years.
Are they different? Can it be scientific to calculate grain yield?
A statistic that Wu Mei often says is that one small field yields 1 stone of grain. This statistic is the middle field, which is the so-called standard field yield per unit area.
The yield per unit area of the more fertile upper fields ranges from 1.2 to 1.5 shi. As for the lower fields, which range from 0.7 to 0.8 shi, the lower fields of 0.5 shi are basically abandoned.
1 liter = 1.5 acres, 1 stone = 150 kilograms = 300 jins, which is about 260 jins when converted into Ming Dynasty jins. One jin in the Ming Dynasty was equal to 596 grams, and 1 jin = 16 taels, which is one-fifth heavier than the modern jins.
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What is known is that the average grain yield per mu in the Ming Dynasty was 300 kilograms, and the yield per mu in the Jiangnan region was higher. If rice and wheat rotation were implemented, the gap would be even greater.
So how big is the gap between this and the agricultural level of the Ming Dynasty? It is simply ridiculously big.
260/1.5 = 173 jins, the yield per mu is 173 jins. What level is this? There are also six citizens and four citizens, and excessive taxes and miscellaneous taxes. Therefore, the agricultural society of ancient Japan was extremely deformed.
Using an average of 50% more arable land than the Ming Dynasty, they could grow less grain than the Ming Dynasty. This was the level of agriculture in Japan at that time. The farmers did not understand farming and the use of fertilizers. They were no better than slash-and-burn farming.
Basically, it has stayed at the same level as it was thousands of years ago.
Then let’s talk about Echigo. We all know that the agricultural development in the Edo period was like that. The increase in the total amount of food was obtained by opening new fields. For example, in Echigo country, it soared from 391,000 koku to 1.15 million koku at the end of the Tokugawa period.
Xintian, where does Xintian come from?
Echigo Plains! Even if it is useless in the past two hundred years, 30% of the arable land can be cultivated. One-third of 2,000 square kilometers is 600 square kilometers, or 60,000 hectares. Roughly converted, it is 600,000-700,000 koku. This
This is also the reason why Echigo's stone height increases rapidly, almost matching the figure of 1.15 million stone.
To sum up, the current level of agriculture in Niigata Prefecture is better than that of the ancient Ming Dynasty because of scientific planting technology and management, and mechanized farming to improve efficiency. As for fertilizers and pesticides, they do not have any advantages, and even the lack of a crop rotation system makes
The stone height is not very high.
Based on the conditions of ancient Echigo, if there was no impact of urbanization and industrialization, the cultivated land area in the future would exceed 200,000 machibu. With the implementation of crop rotation, fertilizers to increase production, and the planting of new grains, how many stones should the Ming Dynasty's intensive farming technology be?