Seeing Zhao Han start reading "Yuan Jun", both Gu Gao and Wu Yingji felt uneasy.
This article is an explanation of monarchy. The country is like a big business, and the common people are all shareholders. The emperor is the hired big shopkeeper, and the officials are the hired second shopkeepers, third shopkeepers, and semicolon shopkeepers.
It vaguely reveals the meaning of limiting the monarch's power.
Although Huang Zongxi risked his life, he was still quite nervous and kept observing Zhao Han's expression.
Surprisingly, Zhao Han was actually smiling.
That smile was neither contempt, nor joy, nor anger. It was just like... like a village school teacher, reviewing homework for schoolchildren. The meaning is hard to describe.
The article is very short and can be read quickly.
Not angry at all?
This was beyond the expectations of Gu Gao and Wu Yingji. They were both impressed by Zhao Hanzhi's broad-mindedness and shocked by Zhao Hanzhi's government. They believed that Zhao Han was able to tolerate dissent and control his emotions at the same time, and they probably already disliked Huang Zongxi in their hearts.
Zhao Han asked: "Do you want to limit the power of the king?"
Huang Zongxi replied: "Sage kings from generation to generation are naturally the best, but it is inevitable that there will be mediocre ones."
Zhao Han said with a smile: "You said that the common people are shareholders, so tell me, which ones are the major shareholders and which ones are the small shareholders? Which shareholders will count?"
Huang Zongxi was suddenly stunned.
"Let's go small," Zhao Han put down the article, "this firm in the world has ten thousand shareholders. Ten of them are major shareholders. They can elect the second shopkeeper, the third shopkeeper, and the semicolon shopkeeper. Except for the emperor,
Except for the big shopkeeper, all other shopkeepers have to listen to the words of the ten major shareholders. The shopkeepers join forces with the major shareholders to fabricate false accounts, shortchange the business, and embezzle money for personal gain. So, who owns this big business? It belongs to the ten major shareholders.
Or for all 10,000 shareholders?”
Huang Zongxi fell into confusion.
Zhao Han continued: "In the Ming Dynasty, the shopkeepers were losing money. The major shareholders annexed the shares of the small shareholders, causing the company to continue to operate at a loss, and its business was also squeezed out by Manchu and Qing firms. As the big shopkeeper, Chongzhen wanted to turn the tide.
, but no one could believe it. While he lectured other shopkeepers, he forced shareholders to invest money. Large shareholders were unwilling to invest money, so they asked small shareholders to invest. Small shareholders had no money and starved to death one after another. Li Zicheng, Zhang Xianzhong and I both
The small shareholders who were forced to have no choice but to withdraw their capital and establish another company."
Gu Gao and Wu Yingji's eyes widened, how could they describe the general situation of the world like this?
Zhao Han pointed at Huang Zongxi again: "The so-called Donglin Party, Fushe, is either the second shopkeeper, or a shareholder who wants to be the shopkeeper. You think you can run the business prosperously, but you have been greedy for the money of the business. Even if you are not greedy now
, will be greedy in the future! How many honest officials are there in the world? In my opinion, the Eunuch Party and the Donglin Party are the same species... Don’t be angry, I know you are virtuous, but what is the benefit of being virtuous in governing the country and bringing peace to the people?"
Huang Zongxi stood up, cupped his hands and said, "Thank you sir for your advice, I'll take my leave!"
Zhao Han said: "Let's live on this boat."
The three of them were taken to the cabin, where Zheng Sen, Kuang Lu, Wang Dai, Zhang Jiayu and other secretaries who followed the army lived together.
While exchanging pleasantries, Huang Zongxi took out "On the Family, State, and World" and re-read it while thinking carefully.
The next day, we took a boat to the west.
Huang Zongxi wrote quickly, not only making changes to "Yuanjun", but also wrote two articles "Yuanchen" and "Yuanmin" one after another.
Taken together, the three articles are roughly as follows:
All people are born to be nourished by the earth, and they work to survive and reproduce. All kinds of industries, regardless of high or low, are all creating wealth for the country.
However, people need to resist natural disasters, fight against foreign enemies, mediate disputes, and punish crimes. Therefore, there must be a leader, and this person is the king of the world.
The monarch is supported by the people and has supreme power. His power is given by the people, and he should benefit the people. Otherwise, he is an incompetent monarch.
There are many people, and the world is too big for the monarch to govern alone. Therefore, hundreds of civil and military officials and officials are needed. The way to be a minister is not to be loyal to the emperor, but to be loyal to the people. Officials do not eat the emperor's salary, but eat the people's salary.
.
After writing "Yuanjun", "Yuanchen" and "Yuanmin", they were first circulated in the cabin.
Kuang Lu exclaimed: "Sir, you are a great talent, and this is an extraordinary piece of literature!"
"Such words are harmful to the country!" Tao Aizhi was furious, "As a minister, you should be loyal to the emperor. He said Mr. Zhao, without him raising his arms and shouting, would there be great governance in Jiangxi? All the people are like a flock of sheep. Without a leader to lead the way, they will inevitably
Buried in the belly of a tiger and leopard. It is not the people who support Mr. Zhao, but Mr. Zhao who provides for the people. We, the ministers, eat the emperor's salary and are loyal to the emperor!"
Although Zheng Sen, Wang Dai, Zhang Jiayu and others did not speak, they all looked thoughtful.
Wu Yingji said: "It's useless for you and me to argue. Why not ask Mr. Zhao to take a look at it?"
"Just go!" Tao Aizhi said angrily.
Everyone went to the cabin next door together, and Huang Zongxi held the manuscript and presented the article.
This time Zhao Han smiled even more happily and nodded in approval: "It's very much to my liking. Everyone, please sit down and talk."
Tao Aizhi couldn't help but said: "Zongzhen, this article is misleading the public. In the future, if someone secretly instigates a new dynasty, it may cause a big mess. Let's talk about the three dynasties of Chenghua, Zhengde, and Jiajing. The people also had hardships, such as
With the popularity of this article, I am afraid that the Ming Dynasty would have been destroyed long ago, and how could there be Zhang Jiangling’s reforms?”
"It's not as serious as you said. People will rebel if they can't survive. Are these three articles all the same?" Zhao Han said with a smile. "Those Datong theories and these three articles are not only teaching people to rebel, but also
Teach the king and his ministers how to govern the country. If the king and his ministers fail to govern the country well, the people will rebel. If my children and grandchildren become cowardly kings, the people will also rebel. If they perish in the second or third generation, they will also bring disaster upon themselves."
As soon as these words came out, everyone was speechless.
How can there be a founding monarch who cursed his own dynasty, the second and third generations, to perish?
Just when everyone was looking at each other, Kuang Lu suddenly knelt on the ground and said, "Nanhai Kuang Lu, I am willing to die for our lord!"
Huang Zongxi also straightened his clothes, knelt down with the hem of his clothes upright, knelt down and shouted: "Huang Zongxi of Yuyao, I am willing to die in the service of my lord!"
When Zheng Sen saw this, his blood boiled and he was ready to come over and kneel down.
Zhao Han raised his hand to stop Zheng Sen and said to the other people: "You don't have to kneel down, they are willing to do so. The two of them are not kneeling on me, they are kneeling on all the people in the world. I can only live and suffer on behalf of all people."
Of."
Zheng Sen said: "I am also willing."
"Haha, you are still young, and you need to slowly understand some truths." Zhao Han stood up and bowed to Kuang Lu and Huang Zongxi in return, "Two gentlemen, please get up."
Gu Gao looked at Wu Yingji, and Wu Yingji also looked over. Both of them had extremely complicated moods.
Their words and deeds in the past were already very radical, and they often posted big-character posters together in Nanjing.
But compared with Zhao Han, Kuang Lu, and Huang Zongxi, they pale into insignificance.
Zhao Han returned the three articles to Huang Zongxi and warned: "Governing a big country is like cooking small delicacies. Your articles are not detailed enough. You only restrain the monarch and officials, saying what the monarch should do, what officials should do, and what to do."
Not to restrain all the people?”
"Restrain the people?" Huang Zongxi was confused.
Zhao Han asked: "Are the powerful gentry the people? Are the bandits and traitors the people?"
"Thank you for the instruction, lord. I will take it back immediately to make up for it." Huang Zongxi said with sincere admiration.
Zhao Han said to everyone: "If the king, ministers, and people each perform their duties and are in their proper place, then the world will be peaceful and the world will be prosperous. If there is a foolish king, the ministers should advise him; if there are dishonest ministers, the king should punish him; if there is a coward, the king should punish him.
If there are treacherous people, the king and his ministers should rule them out. If the king and his ministers are unfaithful and lead to great chaos in the world, all the people should rise up and revolutionize their lives!"
Zhao Han pointed at Huang Zongxi: "This passage is also included in the article, and will be selected into the "Datong Collection" and published all over the world!"
Huang Zongxi bowed respectfully, his eyes suddenly moistened, and he was sure that he had met the Ming Lord.
Everyone dispersed.
Gu Gao pulled Wu Yingji to the corner and whispered: "What Mr. Zhao said today reminds me of Taizu's "Imperial Imperial Edict"."
Wu Yingji smiled bitterly: "The imperial edict only allows the people to arrest corrupt officials and bring them to Beijing, but this one asked the people to rebel. But it's not that serious. If the people have food to eat, they will definitely not rebel. If forced
The whole world has rebelled, and whether or not these articles exist is actually irrelevant."
"This set of remarks is self-contradictory," Gu Gao said, "Since it is reasonable for the people to rebel, then as officials, should you and I help the people rebel, or help the emperor quell the rebellion?"
Wu Yingji said: "If the Ming Dynasty can still be saved, you and I will naturally help the emperor quell the chaos. Now that the Ming Dynasty is hopeless, aren't you and I here to help the people rebel? Your doubts are really unnecessary."
"Indeed." Gu Gao nodded.
Wu Yingji suddenly had a flash of inspiration, clapped his hands and exclaimed: "This Mr. Zhao is really awesome. The publication of these three articles not only confirmed that his rebellion was justified, but also confirmed that Emperor Chongzhen was a foolish king who deserved to be revolutionized. Moreover, the landlords were powerful.
He can still be criticized as a traitor, and his policy of forcibly dividing the land is right. Tartar slaves and bandits are all causing trouble to the people. Only Mr. Zhao of Jiangxi Province is the truly wise monarch! No matter what he does in the future
Everything can be justified!"
Gu Gao was stunned and inexplicably frightened.
He thought that Zhao Han was just passionate and caring for all people, but he didn't expect that Zhao Han had so many complicated thoughts!
Wu Yingji added: "The imperial edict was shelved by Emperor Cheng, so how long can the Datong Collection exist? At most, within one or two generations of kings, the Datong Collection will be deleted beyond recognition."
"Dong~dongdong~"
A burst of piano music came, but Kuang Lu was in a happy mood, playing the piano and singing on the deck.
Kuang Lu didn't think as much as Wu Yingji. He was a wild boy when he was young, and he traveled half of China to avoid trouble. He heard a lot, saw a lot, and thought a lot. When I heard what Zhao Han said today, I was completely impressed by his magnanimity.
An hour later, Huang Zongxi came over with the updated article: "Brother Kuang, please help me correct it. If there is anything wrong, I will take it and revise it."
"Correction shouldn't be done, it's just mutual confirmation." Kuang Lu said happily.
These two people, who had never known each other before, now seemed like good friends who had known each other for many years.
While they were discussing the article, it was almost dusk, and the fleet was docked between Hekou Town and Ehu Town.
After many years, Zhao Han finally returned to Qianshan, bringing a large army with him.
