Zhao Han raised his hand, and some servants came carrying several large boxes.
"To be honest," Zhao Han glanced at the many scholars, "I am very disappointed with you. Many of you are civil servants, and there are also a few Ding You or dismissed scholars. Your family's land has also been forcibly divided.
Don’t you understand why this town is divided into fields? Mr. Huang (Xu Ying) spreads it everywhere, but you never read "Datong Collection"? "
No one spoke.
Zhao Han asked by name: "Renzhong, have you ever read "The Collection of Datong"?"
"I've seen it." Chen Zilong replied.
Zhao Han asked again: "Do you know why I divided the fields?"
Chen Zilong said: ""The Collection of Datong" discusses a lot. Regarding the policy of dividing land, it can be summed up in only sixteen words: restrain mergers, increase taxes, crack down on powerful people, and win the hearts of the people."
Zhao Han smiled and said: "Are you opposed to including mathematics and geometry in the imperial examination?"
"I don't object." Chen Zilong said.
"Everyone objected just now, why didn't you speak?" Zhao Han asked.
Chen Zilong sighed: "If you talk about it, you will offend many people. Mathematics and geometry may seem like a small path, but they are actually a big way. The draft of Mr. Xuan Hu's "Elements of Geometry" is now in my study."
No wonder Chen Zilong was not opposed to adding materials to the imperial examination. It turned out that he had already mastered it and even had the draft of Xu Guangqi's "Elements of Geometry" in his collection.
"What do you think of imperial power? Tell the truth." Zhao Han said.
Chen Zilong did not answer directly, but said: "To humans, it is difficult to distinguish between good and evil, snakes, insects, rats, and ants. To Heaven, humans are just like snakes, insects, rats, and ants. Heaven is mighty, but it is caused by the goodness and evil of humans."
As for misfortunes and blessings, good will be rewarded and evil will be punished, but the good will not be good and the evil will not be evil. Heaven has no reason to tell it, so it has not yet been understood. If you know that there is something you can't do, you should relax your authority less."
As soon as this statement came out, some scholars were shocked and some were amazed.
These words were clearly satirizing Chongzhen, and at the same time, they also reminded Zhao Han not to be stubborn.
People cannot understand the situation of snakes, insects, rats, and ants, just like the emperor cannot understand the situation of all the people. However, the emperor insists on understanding it, and then rewards and punishes randomly, resulting in unclear rewards and punishments, and no one can do anything. The emperor's rights should be restricted.
Many anti-Qing martyrs, including Chen Zilong, even though they died for the Ming Dynasty, their writings hated Chongzhen very much, and they all proposed the idea of limiting imperial power.
Chen Zilong's real idea is to carry out "family politics", restore the ancient fifth-class titles, and restore the gentry ecology of the Han and Jin Dynasties. Although it restricts imperial power, it is actually reversing the course of history.
Of course, after reading "The Collection of Datong", Chen Zilong's thoughts changed because he discovered that family politics would lead to worse negative effects.
Zhao Han heard another meaning: "Do you want to form a party?"
Chen Zilong said: "Who can do things when isolated and helpless? Everyone must have friends, and everything must have parties. Since ancient times, cliques have been hard to stop. The fierce party competition in the Ming Dynasty originated from the cabinet system. The imperial power was in power, and one was declining and the other was increasing. The power of the prime minister was one after another.
For this reason, everyone wants to be the chief minister. The monarch and his ministers are jealous, and the cabinet ministers fight with each other, and each of them invokes the six ministries in order to gain ministerial power. The combination of science and education makes the political struggle even worse, and the party struggle becomes more and more intense."
"Can friends rule the world?" Zhao Han asked.
Chen Zilong said: "The world should be governed by the party of gentlemen, and villains should not be allowed to form parties and occupy high positions."
"This is different!" A scholar suddenly stood up.
Zhao Han smiled and said: "Please state your name."
The scholar raised his hands and said, "Zhang Dai from Shanyin, courtesy name Zongzi."
Zhang Dai?
Zhao Han smiled even more happily: "Zhang Zongzi, please speak."
Zhang Dai rolled up his sleeves and said: "With the Donglin Party, there will be no villains after the society is restored. There will be no gentlemen among the eunuchs. How can we be a party of gentlemen and a party of villains? I do agree with Hou Chaozong (Hou Fangyu)'s "Theory of Clique"
, Cliques cannot be divided into gentlemen and villains, they should be divided into the party at the top and the party at the bottom."
"What is the party above and the party below?" Zhao Han asked.
Zhang Dai said: "Those who live in temples are the party above; those who live in the rivers and lakes are the party below. The party above contributes to state affairs, and the party below serves as an auxiliary. However, in terms of party disputes, the party above is in trouble.
, A party at the bottom is a source of great disaster. A party at the top is the combination of the pros and cons of countless parties below, and what it does is also the aggregation of countless pros and cons."
"Wonderful!" Zhao Han clapped his hands and exclaimed.
What this means is that a party has those in power, and behind them are countless members of the opposition party.
Once a party member is in power, his words and deeds cannot represent himself, but represent the interests of countless party members behind him. Even if a gentleman becomes the leader of the party, he will be swayed by the interests of countless party members and cannot govern according to his own wishes.
Zhang Dai raised his hands and said: "Zongzhen, this is not my opinion. I am just quoting Hou Chaozong's "On Clique"."
Hou Fangyu sees so clearly?
Zhao Han didn't know that "On Clique" was an article written by Hou Fangyu when he was a boy.
"Where is Hou Chaozong?" Zhao Han asked.
Chen Zilong replied: "Beijing."
Chongzhen is promulgating the "Atonement Order". As long as the family members pay enough money, the guilty officials in the imperial prison can be released.
Hou Fangyu did not come to Jiangxi this time, but went to Beijing to pay money to redeem his father.
Another Fushe scholar stood up and said: "Gentlemen can form associations, but they cannot form parties!"
Zhao Han smiled and said: "Please state your name."
Scholars from Fushe said: "Xia Yunyi, whose courtesy name is Yizhong."
This is Xia Wanchun's biological father. He was a county magistrate in Fujian before. The city surrendered some time ago. Since the official reputation was excellent and countless people were saved, he could directly become the county magistrate. However, he had to go to Bailuzhou Academy to study!
Xia Yunyi and Chen Zilong are good friends, but they have not seen each other for two or three years, and their views are very different.
As the day of the Ming Dynasty began to decline, the Donglin Party and Fushe were also reflecting on their internal affairs, and a large number of people became "mediators".
That is to mediate party disputes, let everyone put aside their personal grudges, and work together to discuss state affairs.
Historically, with the death of Chongzhen, there were more and more "mediators" who no longer wanted to engage in party struggle. However, those in power were unwilling to mediate, and the situation was already unrelenting. Xia Yunyi and Zhang Dai both firmly advocated mediation.
After the collapse of the Hongguang court, the "mediators" became even more thorough, believing that gentlemen should not form cliques, as cliques will definitely harm the country and the people!
Xia Yunyi continued: "If a gentleman does not party, the party will bring disaster. Once party strife occurs, everything will be black and white. What good will it do to the country and the people?"
"A gentleman has no party, but a villain will form a party. If he is squeezed out and suppressed, the whole court will become a villain!" Chen Zilong retorted.
Two former friends started arguing like that in front of Zhao Han.
At first, Zhao Han was still laughing, because Fushe was split, and it was a split at the root of the ideology.
Suddenly, Zhao Han's smile disappeared, and he thought of his Datong Society.
If after the founding of the People's Republic of China, all the people in the world are members of the Datong Society, what is the difference between there being no Datong Society?
It will definitely become like that. From now on, the Datong Society will occupy a high position, and everyone will break their heads and dig in. In the end, everyone will be a member of the Datong Society. By then, the Datong Society will be Confucianism, and Confucianism will be the Datong Society, and it will be difficult to distinguish between the two.
each other.
If this is the case, what else should Datong Society do? Can't it just change Confucianism directly?
In other words, directly change Confucianism into what you want!
The dispute between Xia Yunyi and Chen Zilong became more and more intense, and other scholars joined in, and the scene turned into a big debate involving hundreds of scholars.
Liu Rushi was frightened when he heard this, and looked at Zhao Han from time to time to see if he was irritated.
The debate was so outrageous that some people even proposed the idea of a false king, allowing the emperor to sit firmly in a high position and the gentlemen to form parties to rule the world.
Which emperor wouldn't be angry after hearing this?
"Pop!"
After arguing for a long time, Zhao Han clapped his hands to signal everyone to be quiet.
"Uu! Uu! Uu..." Unable to stop them, the guards began to blow the brass whistle.
It finally became quiet and the scholars calmed down. Many of them broke out in a cold sweat and realized that they had said many things they shouldn't have said.
Zhao Han said with a smile: "Such a big debate can be held in the future. It can be called an academic dispute or an ideological dispute. However, the dispute cannot be brought to the officialdom, let alone the court. I cannot tolerate party disputes.
."
"The wise general of the town!"
All the scholars shouted, sincerely convinced.
They were arguing like that just now, and they were talking about restricting the emperor's rights and turning the emperor into a statue of Bodhisattva. Zhao Han actually didn't get angry because of it.
This Mr. Zhao is really open-minded!
"Send the book!" Zhao Han ordered.
The officer took out the latest edition of "Datong Collection" from the box, which added three chapters: "Yuanjun", "Yuanchen" and "Yuanmin".
Zhao Han said: "Why the Ming Dynasty will be overthrown, I am too lazy to go into details today. It is very clear in the "Datong Collection", and it is also clear why your fields are divided. This is the latest edition, with three additional articles, you can
Read carefully."
After Chen Zilong got the book, he quickly opened three new articles and found that the signature was actually Huang Zongxi.
Huang Zongxi did not complete it alone. When revising and adding details, Kuang Lu made some suggestions, and Zhao Han also added some content.
Chen Zilong finished reading it quickly, combined it with the words of Confucius and Mencius, and combined it with his own thoughts, and he suddenly became enlightened.
The three articles discussed the relationship between the monarch, the people, and their subjects, established the responsibilities of the monarch, the people, and their subjects, thus constructing a complete national concept.
Put the people first, put the king first, and govern the country with ministers.
The people of the world are the foundation of a country, and the monarch and his ministers must serve the people. The people do not specifically refer to the gentry, but the head of Guizhou as the main body. From now on, the emperor and his father can no longer be called, nor can they be called parents and officials.
This simple truth was very shocking in the late Ming Dynasty, even though Confucianism had already made similar remarks.
To put it more solemnly, the three articles on the monarch, the people, and the ministers are the foundation of Zhao Han’s founding of the country!
Original, original, beginning.
The original king, the original ministers, and the original people means exploring the true colors of the king, ministers, and people.
Once this is clarified, the policy of governing the country will be clear, which can be called the "Three Principles". The three articles will be made compulsory courses in primary schools in the future. With the popularization of primary schools, all people will know it and the "Three Principles" will be deepened.
human heart.
Officials may deteriorate, "Datong Collection" may be shelved, but no one can erase the "Three Original Principles" imprinted in the minds of the people!
Regardless of the shock of all the scholars, Zhao Han said with a smile: "Gentlemen, let's have a banquet at noon, and I will take you to see the Datong army in the afternoon!"
