Southerners immigrating to Liaodong do not have to worry about their survival.
Zhu Yuanzhang carried out real-term border reclamation, and most of the criminals sent to Liaodong were residents from the south of the Yangtze River... They were said to be criminals, but in fact many of them were prisoners of hostile forces, or light-duty prisoners who were not worthy of exile.
At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang's immigration work was well ensured in all details. The mortality rate of southerners immigrating to the Northeast was much lower than that of Huguang who filled Sichuan in the early Qing Dynasty!
After all, it is a world of ice and snow. Zhao Han organized immigrants to Liaoning this time and the treatment was far more generous than before.
When the immigrants are confirmed, each person will be given two sets of winter clothes, which also include cotton hats and cotton boots. Based on the principle of proximity arrangement, twenty people in the same village will share a farm cow. The ownership of the farm cow is collectively owned by these twenty people.
It was given to them by the government.
Next year it is expected that 60,000 people will migrate to Liaoning, and 3,000 cattle will be needed for farming alone. Fortunately, many of them were seized from the Tatars.
Hou Fangyu was appointed as the magistrate of Fushun. When the Tatars moved their capital and evacuated, the people there were plundered, and many people were kidnapped to work as food transporters. Although he was the magistrate, the population under his rule could only be 10,000 at most.
Multiple people.
Moreover, if the war continues, Fushun will be the front line of the Datong Army's battle with the Tatars!
For now, the Datong Army is still sending troops to attack the Fushun Pass of the Liao Great Wall. After occupying Fushun Pass, the Datong Army can cross the Great Wall at any time and surround the city of Sarhu under the control of the Tatars.
Hou Fangyu did not complain about this harsh environment, because he took the initiative to apply to go to the Northeast.
Firstly, for the sake of his own career, as long as he works hard in Liaoning, his political achievements will definitely not be buried;
Secondly, his father Hou Xun was involved in the political struggle of the Qing Dynasty. His legs were broken and he was starved in prison. When the Tatars evacuated Shenyang, Hou Xun was forgotten in the prison. Datong
When the army rescued him, Hou Xun was completely starved. Hou Fangyu went to Fushun, where he could take care of his father.
"Let's set sail!"
Several official ships departed from Nanjing, some went to Shanghai, and then took sea ships to Liaoning. Some went straight to Hebei along the Grand Canal. As for Shaanxi, most officials passed by Hubei.
Following the officials, there were many merchant ships.
Although the immigrants have not yet set off and will have to wait for the early spring of next year to set off from the south. However, the merchants can't wait. They will arrive this winter. They will first establish a foothold, set up simple warehouses, open shops in the city, and wait for the spring to deliver the goods.
Ship it.
Every time the Datong imperial court expanded its territory, there were unlimited business opportunities, and many merchants made a lot of money.
In the past, the government had to mobilize and let merchants develop new sites. Now merchants are crazy about it. Stores in the city on new sites have to be bid and auctioned to win them. Even in the neighborhoods that were burned to rubble during the siege, there are still merchants.
Buy it at auction and use your own money to rebuild the house.
For small businessmen, as long as they immigrate with their families, they can have priority in purchasing shops without having to compete with big businessmen in auctions.
Moreover, such small businessmen were protected by the government and could take official ships and set off with officials who were appointed to their posts.
In the blink of an eye, I arrived in Shanghai to change ships. Hou Fangyu had not seen him for several years and found that Shanghai was extremely prosperous. It is backed by the Yangtze River waterway, and its population is increasing rapidly. Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu... the provinces along the Yangtze River, all
Some merchants came to do business.
"Hey, hey!"
The dock workers were shouting labor chants, and the hybrid human-animal crane was slowly pulling up more than 20 tied sacks.
After pulling to a certain height, the buffalo was stopped by the driver.
The workers collectively pulled the rope, and under the action of pulleys and gears, the long log arm began to turn and move. When it stopped above the deck of the ship, the workers slowly lowered the rope, and the more than twenty sacks fell steadily on the deck.
Cargo cranes like this have appeared in several ports.
Most goods are still handled manually, especially fragile goods such as porcelain. But for bulk and heavy goods such as grain, especially when you are in a hurry, you will choose to rent a crane at the dock. In addition to faster loading, it is also cheaper in terms of cost.
There is not much difference, after all, cranes also need to be built and maintained.
The real advantage is that when transporting items such as heavy siege guns, that is the correct way to use the crane.
Hou Fangyu got off the official boat on the inland river and walked all the way to the pier. Together with other officials, he went to board the navy ship. What he saw along the way made him feel fresh. There was a big difference between this place and Nanjing.
On the pier, you can occasionally see Japanese people, they are all Japanese wanderers who secretly came to China.
Tokugawa Iemitsu's policy changed again. The previously open ports were once again closed by the shogunate. There was only one Nagasaki port left for trade between China and the Netherlands, and only business with the shogunate was allowed.
After a brief period of opening up, Japan once again chose to close itself off, so the so-called Japanese pirates reappeared.
These Japanese pirates did not have the courage to come to Chinese waters and only robbed around Ryukyu.
They were the private armies of certain feudal lords. Tokugawa Ieyasu requested to establish diplomatic relations with China many times. Every time he made some progress, he would be destroyed by Japanese pirates. Behind the scenes, these feudal lords must be causing trouble.
There is another situation that seems to be unexpected and is being cleared up.
When Zhao Han first opened the ports, there were European merchant ships in every port. But now, European merchant ships have almost disappeared, and there is only a French trading station in Guangzhou.
The reason is that China's maritime merchants have collectively exerted their efforts to commercially monopolize the import and export trade along China's coast.
Chinese merchants can get goods at lower prices and have local advantages, beating European merchants in terms of price. Merchant ships from European countries are now simply waiting in Vietnam and Java to buy Chinese goods from those places, rather than sailing their own ships.
The cost of purchasing goods from China is still low.
France, which was always causing trouble, was expelled by various forces in Southeast Asia and was forced to go to Guangzhou to buy goods at high prices.
Hou Fangyu successfully boarded the warship and stood on the deck to observe. Then two European ghosts came up.
"Mr. Wei is also going to Liaoning?" Hou Fangyu took the initiative to say hello.
Wei Kuangguo said: "A Jesuit missionary was sent to Nanjing but was not received by His Majesty. However, Your Majesty allowed him to observe and learn about the situation. Hearing that there was going to be a large-scale immigration in Liaodong, I accompanied this Jesuit on the trip.
"
Hou Fangyu looked at the other ghost guy.
Wei Kuangguo introduced: "The Chinese name of this church member is Nan Huairen, south of Nanjing, Huairen is a Taoist."
"Nice to meet you!" Hou Fangyu handed over his hand.
Nan Huairen said in broken Chinese: "Nice to meet you!"
When Nan Huairen came to China this time, he first went to Macau, where a total of more than ten missionaries came.
The churches in Macau, which had lost financial support from the Netherlands and relied entirely on Portuguese believers in Macau, were almost unable to open. I heard that it was even worse in other places, and missionaries had to work to make a living. These new missionaries came one after another.
leave China.
Only Nan Huairen chose to stay. After all, the silly son of a landlord could live in China for a few years with enough money. His father was a hereditary judge and tax collector in the Netherlands.
The three of them left the deck and went into the cabin to chat.
Since Wei Kuangguo came to China only a short time ago, he did not hold a position in the Hanlin Academy, but he became a disciple of Ai Julius and Tang Ruowang.
怆愯瘽璇达纴鐩铓嶆湕畇簲扉涔︽涶濂界敤镄刟pp锛屽挭鍜阒呰hurt
Guard, protect.
Kuangguo, Kuangfu country.
This name means that it is the Ming Dynasty that needs to be defended and supported...
"What knowledge is Mr. Wei currently studying?" Hou Fangyu asked.
Wei Kuangguo replied: "I am studying Chinese history. I plan to write a history book to introduce China's Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors to the Qin and Han Dynasties to Europe. That is, the history of East Asia from the birth of mankind to the birth of Christ. Europeans do not understand this. , they should and must understand that China already had a glorious civilization before the birth of Christ Jesus."
Hou Fangyu nodded in approval: "This also has the effect of enlightenment. I wish you success in compiling the book."
Wei Kuangguo introduced: "This Christian Nan Huairen graduated from the University of Leuven. He is proficient in astronomy, geography, mathematics, calendar, mechanics, philosophy, and all kinds of knowledge. He is also good at casting artillery. Although His Majesty has not summoned him , but he admired his knowledge very much, so he was allowed to take a warship to travel to Liaodong. After traveling to Liaodong, he would also travel to the north, and then prepare to go to Sichuan."
"It's a great Western scholar, so rude, so rude!" Hou Fangyu said, cupping his hands.
Nan Huairen hurriedly handed over his hand: "I...Chinese...study...forgive me...please."
Hou Fangyu smiled and said, "It won't be a problem."
The warship set sail two days later, and was accompanied by more than 20 merchant ships. One-third went to North Korea for trade, and two-thirds went to Liaodong.
North Korea has made peace with Chinese merchants, and its monarchs and ministers are happy to trade. They exchange ginseng, minerals, and even North Korean grain for various commodities from China, making very huge profits. As for ordinary North Korean citizens, it doesn't matter how many people starve to death, as long as they don't Just rebel.
A few days later, the fleet arrived at Lushunkou, where trade prospered rapidly after the war and a group of dockworkers immigrated in advance.
The workers are also willing. Due to the lack of labor, the wages of working in Lushunkou are much higher than those in Shanghai.
Hou Fangyu led the officials of Fushun County all the way from Jinzhou to Shenyang. He introduced to two Europeans along the way: "This is the territory of our Han family, which was stolen by barbarians. Now there are not even ten Han people left. Your Majesty is wise and powerful, and has conquered the barbarians." Defeated and rescued the living Han people. Even some Mongolian and Jurchen civilians were forgiven and were able to divide their land and settle down like the Han people."
Nan Huairen has always been able to listen to Chinese, but not very well speak it. He has been communicating in Chinese these days and is already more fluent than when he was in Shanghai.
He observed the situation along the way, asked some questions, and started writing a diary when he arrived in Shenyang:
"I followed Chinese officials to the old Tatar capital. The arrogant Tatars conquered the Chinese capital a few years ago. Even Shenyang, the old Tatar capital, was taken away from the Chinese. Now And was recaptured by the Chinese Emperor..."
"China has a vast territory. This place designated as Liaoning is larger than many European countries, and the climate is similar to Northern Europe. The Chinese here were killed too many by Tatars, and the Chinese emperor decided to immigrate. The number of immigrants next year is set. In 60,000 people. This is not an army of 60,000 marching, but a family of 60,000 people. Land needs to be resettled, seeds and cattle need to be given to them, and even the Chinese emperor provides winter clothing. I think, no monarch in Europe can do."
"What's even more frightening is that immigration on this scale has been carried out many times in other provinces. The 60,000 people who will immigrate next year will only arrive in Liaodong. At the same time, 100,000 people will immigrate to Shaanxi and 100,000 people to Hebei... It is unimaginable.
scale of immigration.”
"His Majesty the Pope prohibits Chinese believers from worshiping ancestors and worshiping Confucius. I think it is ill-considered. China has its own traditions and they have their own beliefs. Christianity must follow this traditional custom, otherwise it will be difficult to carry out missionary activities..."
"Today, I watched the execution ceremony in Shenyang. A group of traitors were beheaded collectively. I heard that the benevolent Chinese emperor wanted to send these traitors to mine. But the emperor's teacher, an old wise man, still
A large number of Liaoning officers wrote letters requesting severe punishment for treason. The emperor allowed them to execute all the traitors who were notorious before the Tatars entered the customs..."
Shang Kexi had been beheaded by the formation long ago. Kong Youde, Zu Dashou, Wu Sangui and others were all beheaded collectively outside Shenyang City in public display.
Zu Dashou cried and complained at the execution ground: "I have defended Ningjin for twenty years. Even though I was besieged and ran out of food, I ate human flesh and refused to surrender. When I finally surrendered, there were no reinforcements. My ancestor Dashou lived up to the Ming Dynasty!"
Wu Sangui just knelt on the execution ground and said nothing, watching blankly as the traitor beside him was beheaded, while the people watching burst into cheers.
"puff!"
The executioner sprayed liquor on the blade of the knife and pressed down on Wu Sangui's neck.
brush!
The sword flashed and the head fell to the ground.