It rained last night and the heat has subsided a little.
Zhao Han did not go directly to the office. He had breakfast and walked around. The summer in Nanjing was too hot for him.
Several princes and princesses were walking over, chatting and laughing, and happened to bump into the emperor.
"Are you leaving the palace?" Zhao Han asked.
Zhao Furong said: "Reporting to my father, today is the school holiday and the weather is cool, so I went to the eastern suburbs racecourse to play."
"When you are about to get married, you will call me father, not daddy?" Zhao Han said with a smile.
Zhao Furong said: "The mother taught her daughter to be calmer in the future."
The second princess, Zhao Hanjin, held the hem of her skirt, spinning it in circles and saying, "Dad, does this skirt of mine look good?"
Zhao Han nodded: "It looks good, but where is the new style?"
Zhao Hanjin said: "The pleated skirts that have become popular in Suzhou recently are adapted from the Yuehua skirts. I heard that many girls in Nanjing already wear them."
"Not bad, but it's a bit laborious and laborious." Zhao Han commented.
In the Ming Dynasty, it was popular for women to wear horse-faced skirts, which were composed of seven cloth panels. By the end of the Ming Dynasty, seven panels had become ten panels, with more and denser pleats, and they swayed in the wind like moonlight spreading, hence the name "Moonflower Skirt".
Nowadays, pleats continue to increase, and there are often dozens or more than a hundred, so it is called "pleated skirt".
They are all worn by young ladies from wealthy families, but poor people really can't afford them.
Daughters from lower-class families can at most wear horse-faced skirts, which not only look good but also save labor and materials.
Zhao Han took a few casual observations and saw how the princes and princesses were dressed, and knew that they were going on a blind date in the suburbs today. As for the blind date, they were either children of official families or students of Jinling University.
The princesses all dressed up fashionably, and the princes were naturally chic too. They all wore drags for the convenience of riding horses.
They went to the East Palace to meet the prince. The prince was leading the trip today, and the concubines did not interfere.
Due to the cool weather, the princesses did not wear Zhaojun hats and were not afraid to show their faces outside.
The academic thoughts of the new dynasty were diverse, and the social atmosphere was becoming increasingly open, especially the establishment of universities, middle schools and primary schools, so that unmarried women no longer lived in boudoir. Even things like Zhaojun hats were simply turned into sun hats to hide women's faces.
The shame-covering function of the neck is weakened.
The practice of foot-binding has also been completely curbed. Primary school textbooks have a special article describing the dangers of foot-binding.
It's a pity that the corset cannot be corrected. First, due to traditional aesthetics, literati prefer small breasts; second, it is difficult for the government to inspect, so you can't let people take off their clothes. What if someone is born with flat chests?
Baykov was ordered to come to see the emperor. As soon as he arrived outside Donghua Gate, he happened to see the royal family's cavalry leaving.
In front was a group of guards clearing the way. Prince Zhao Kuanghuan led the carriage on horseback, and Li Yong and other East Palace officials were willing to accompany him. The rest of the princes were also on horseback. The crown prince and princesses rode in carriages and opened the curtains to enjoy the scenery of the city.
"Prince!"
Among the people watching on the street, someone suddenly shouted at the top of his lungs, which immediately caused a burst of laughter from the people.
Zhao Kuanghuan's myopia was only 300 degrees, and he usually went out without glasses. He didn't know who was calling him, so he let go of the reins and raised his hands in that direction. As a result, more and more passers-by shouted, "Good morning, Prince."
Please try my cake, it’s delicious”…
Going further east, there were already several people waiting at the gate of the city. They were Zhao Kuanghuan's former classmates. They had graduated from college long ago, but they would only take the national examination next year. During this period, they could review and consolidate themselves, or they could travel to various places to gain knowledge.
"These are the aristocrats of China, right?" Baykov watched the convoy go away, quite envious of the aristocracy here.
He himself is a Tsarist Russian aristocrat and has lived in Moscow for a long time, but his quality of life is better than that of small businessmen in Nanjing.
As the capital of Russia, Moscow currently has a population of only about 100,000.
About 22 years ago, the first manual workshop (hydraulic ironworks) appeared in Russia. Today, there are less than 10 manual workshops in Russia, and serfs are mainly used in the workshops, with only a few managers and craftsmen exceptions.
During the Little Ice Age, all countries were equal and no one could escape.
From 1601 to 1603, there was a great famine in Russia. There were floods in the summer and snowstorms in the winter. There was no harvest in many places. In three years, more than 2 million people died of starvation, accounting for one-third of the population of Russia. Following the death of the tsar, Russia suffered from internal and external troubles.
Entering a decade-long period of chaos.
Before the Great Famine, the retroactive period for serfs escaping was five years. If they successfully escaped for five years, they could become free men. After the Great Famine, the retroactive period was extended to 15 years.
Until now, looking back for a lifetime, even if you run away for a lifetime, you will still be a serf if you are caught!
Today, Russia's population has recovered to about 5 million, 90% of whom are serfs. How can such a country develop?
Even in the military field, Russia bullies Poland.
At this time, Poland was in such misery, with natural and man-made disasters, nobles seizing power, and Ukrainian uprisings annexing Russia. Russia had just defeated Poland and surrendered, and Sweden came with troops to kill it, scaring Russia into forming an alliance with Poland.
Just this year, the First Northern War started. Sweden was about to challenge the Russian, Danish, Polish and Austrian coalition forces. Midway, Sweden was also stabbed in the back by Brandenburg, and still defeated the coalition forces of various countries. If it weren't for the Netherlands,
Denmark suddenly came to intervene, and Denmark was almost annexed by Sweden.
Baykov looked at everything around him with fear and greed in his eyes.
It would be great if such a rich place could be captured. The Tsarist Russian nobles could seize more wealth than they could spend in a few lifetimes, and turn all the farmers in the countryside into serfs! But China is really terrible, with so much money and people,
Tsarist Russia cannot win.
Baykov was taken into the Forbidden City, and he couldn't help but compare it to the Kremlin.
Kremlin, the city wall perimeter is 2235 meters.
As for the Forbidden City in Nanjing, the imperial city has a circumference of 10.23 kilometers and the palace city has a circumference of 3.45 kilometers.
The more he walked in the Forbidden City, the more Baykov's greed was suppressed, and fear grew like weeds. He waited in a side hall with no tea or food, so he just waited since morning.
afternoon.
Not eating or drinking, feeling tired and hungry.
This treatment is different from the treatment of envoys from other countries. Baykov communicated with envoys from various countries in Zhongshan Temple. They praised the majesty of the Forbidden City, the greatness of the Chinese emperor, and also praised the tea and cakes in the palace.
All the envoys have tea and cakes, why don’t you but yourself?
The more Baikov thought about it, the more panicked he became. He felt that the rhetoric he had prepared might not work in front of the wise Emperor of China.
…
Calling people here and waiting from morning to afternoon was certainly Zhao Han's intention.
Lin Zhi, a doctor in the Ministry of Industry, is reporting the situation at the moment: "The Ministry of Industry and colleagues from Qintianyuan were ordered to go to Sichuan to investigate. In Fushun and Rongxian counties, craftsmen used bamboo and wood as dodders (gas pipelines) to cross mountains and rivers.
The river stretches for hundreds of miles, and the earth's gas (natural gas) can reach salt fields everywhere in an instant."
"How to cross the river?" Zhao Han asked.
Lin Zhi replied: "Bury the dodder tube at the bottom of the river."
Well, Zhao Han is convinced.
It was only in the middle of the 17th century that Sichuan not only used natural gas to boil salt, but even built hundreds of miles of transmission pipelines and buried natural gas pipes under rivers.
In fact, as early as a hundred years ago, the natural gas pipelines in Fushun and Rong counties were two to three hundred miles long.
In another time and space, the Ming and Qing armies, bandits, and thieves ravaged and completely destroyed this advanced production technology.
According to Li Juehui's Records of the City God's Temple, when he returned to his hometown in the 11th year of Shunzhi, which was the last year of this time and space, what he saw was this: there were only thirteen households left in Fushun County. The area from the north gate to Shuijing Street had already
It has become a tiger's den, and tigers live in groups directly in the city.
At that time, salt merchants and salt workers died or fled, and more than 90% of the salt wells were abandoned. Until the Qing Dynasty sent magistrates to manage them, there were only 99 frying (salt) pots left in Fushun and Rong counties combined.
"Can you write down the drilling method?" Zhao Han asked.
Lin Zhi said: "Every step has been recorded, with pictures and texts."
Zhao Han nodded in approval: "It's very good. It can be promoted in other places with wells and salt."
The Dun drilling method in Fushun drilled wells nearly 200 meters deep in the Song Dynasty. Later, during the Daoguang period, the world's first thousand-meter deep well was drilled.
Currently, the deepest salt well in Fushun is about 500 meters.
"Has the oil not been found yet?" Zhao Han asked again.
Lin Zhi said: "We have searched all over the country based on historical data, but have not found it yet. However, there is a ready-made oil well in Jiading (Leshan), Sichuan. It has been 134 years since the well was opened and it has not been exhausted."
The oil well in Leshan was purely an accident. I planned to dig a salt well, but ended up digging a few hundred meters deep, and what came out was black oil.
Then use it for boiling salt and lighting, since they have already been printed.
According to "Yuan Tong Zhi", there were two oil wells in Yanchang County, Shaanxi Province during the Yuan Dynasty, but that oil well was much shallower than the one in Leshan. It was mainly used to treat ringworm in livestock. The name "oil" was mentioned in Shen Kuo's "
It can be found in "Mengxi Bi Tan". In the Song Dynasty, Kaifeng had a workshop that made strong fire oil.
The earlier record is from the "Shui Jing Zhu" of the Northern Wei Dynasty. At that time, petroleum was used as lubricant for water conservancy rice pounding machines.
Zhao Han said: "Don't rush to find oil now. The Ministry of Industry and Qintianyuan sent a few people to Jiading (Leshan) to study whether lighter and more useful oil can be extracted from oil. Try something like this
Liquor is distilled like this, so be careful of catching fire, and safety is the most important thing."
To put it bluntly, Zhao Han wants kerosene.
This stuff is easy to refine, and gasoline can also be produced together. But with the current level of technology, gasoline is of little use. Kerosene can be used for lighting, and asphalt can also be used in the construction field.
Moreover, only using the original distillation method does not have a high utilization rate of crude oil.
"Yes!" Lin Zhi didn't know what the emperor wanted to do, but he just followed the order.
As the number of scientists in Qintian Academy increased, Zhao Han asked these people to connect with various departments. For example, mints under the Ministry of Industry, various mines, water conservancy departments, map drawing departments, etc. and the Ministry of War.
shipyards, gun factories, etc.
The official establishment of scientists is still in Qintianyuan, and at the same time they are seconded out, so they can get two salaries.
If you do well, you can choose to leave Qintianyuan and go to other related yamen for official promotion.
Lin Zhi bowed and retreated, while Zhao Han looked at the ceiling.
Once kerosene is produced on a large scale, it will be equivalent to a lighting revolution, and people all over the country will switch to kerosene lamps. Of course, wealthy people will not. In the early days, the smoke of kerosene was too big, and it was pungent and uncomfortable.
Workers... can also light up lights and go to work at night.
Zhao Han withdrew his drifting thoughts and ordered: "Bring in the Rakshasa ghost!"