Scholars, farmers, industry and commerce, this is a classification standard that has been continued since the Spring and Autumn Period. Although soldiers defended the country and fought bloody battles, they were looked down upon, even the bottom-ranked businessmen. Although Zhu Yongxing improved the treatment of soldiers, his political status
The improvement in rank officially started with today’s conferment of knighthood.
"... A scholar establishes virtue in his heart, makes meritorious deeds in the world, proclaims his virtue and merits in words, and benefits future generations; a soldier is a major event of the country, the place of life and death, and the way of survival. Is it possible for soldiers to fight bravely and fight bloody battles?
Farmers are the foundation of the world, and the origin of kingship. If you want to do your job well, you must first sharpen your tools. This is the skill of craftsmanship; businessmen——"
Zhu Yongxing paused deliberately and continued: "How can it be despicable? With tens of thousands of capital, through the dangers of wind and waves, humiliated by officials, endured criticism in the market, all kinds of hard work."
Many of the people below bowed and raised their hands to express their respect for Zhu Yongxing and their sympathy for the businessman.
Zhu Yongxing smiled faintly and said: "Everyone in the world is bustling for profit, and the world is bustling for profit. It can be seen that pursuing wealth is human nature, and getting rich is also what people want." His face became solemn and he spoke in a deep voice.
Said: "As long as you respect the rules and abide by the law and do it in the right way, why should you be worried and feel inferior to yourself? However, I heard that business has no nationality, and businessmen have nationalities. Among those who are also businessmen, there are loyal and patriotic businessmen who are greedy and shameless
, two types of businessmen who are heartless and traitorous to their country.”
The hall immediately fell silent. Most of the people attending the conferment were businessmen, some from Yunnan Province, some from Kuangxian, and Chinese businessmen from Siam, Chenla, and Guangnan. For the first time, they came to observe and learn.
, the second is to get a share of the newly built Chinese merchants' guild hall in Hai Phong, so that they no longer have to admire the Zheng family of Annan in Tuan Xian and be blackmailed by the Annan people. At this time, seeing Zhu Yongxing's serious expression, many people felt uneasy.
"The eight great merchants of the imperial business, hehe. What a big fortune." Zhu Yongxing sneered several times and said disdainfully: "If I look at it, two words can be used to describe these eight great figures - traitor, three - traitor, four
One word - profit-seeking, five words - greedy and shameless. Six words - want money but not ancestors."
"Profiteers are both treacherous and immoral, and they are traitors and traitors. These profiteers colluded with the Tartars, sold intelligence, sold arms, and exchanged the bloody battles and fearless sacrifices of the national heroes for their own blood-stained silver. They are heartbroken and crazy.
At this point, it is difficult to avenge the deep hatred of the loyal ministers and righteous men of our Ming Dynasty without being cut into pieces by thousands of swords and beheaded by the Manchus. It is difficult to avenge the deep hatred of the thousands of people who were slaughtered in our Ming Dynasty." Zhu Yongxing was already very serious in his voice, and it has slowly been on his body for such a long time.
Cultivated a kind of power, coupled with a murderous aura from a long battle, immediately silenced the hall, and many people's faces had changed color.
Zhu Yongxing slowly took a deep breath and re-adjusted his emotions. To flatter the powerful and collude with government officials was not an unusual thing in the embryonic stage of capitalism and when businessmen faced the heavy pressure of feudalism. Therefore, he wanted to both
Get help from businessmen and beat them again.
"Zhuo Zaixian Gaozi, Shang Yin is unique. He served the Zheng Kingdom and rewarded the Qin army. He rewarded and repaid his righteousness without accepting it, and kept the public to destroy his private interests. He was humble and noble, and lived in Jiuyi." Zhu Yongxing's tone.
He became gentle. His eyes also softened, and he slowly smiled and said: "In ancient times, there were patriotic businessmen with strong ties to their country, and today there are countless businessmen who are deeply attached to the country, which makes me very happy." As he said, he stretched out his hand to
Pointing his finger, he said with a smile: "Chen Banchao, a Chinese businessman from Siam, lives overseas and is worried about China. He has done a good job for today. Boss Chen, please come forward to receive the title."
There is no conclusion yet on when the Chinese first immigrated to Siam. However, at least in 1165, there were Chinese businessmen who came to Thailand today, either to trade or to live in exile, becoming the earliest overseas Chinese. The prototype of Thai Chinese society should have been formed in
Around the time of the Ayutthaya Dynasty (1349-1767 AD). According to historical records, "There are many Chinese living in Siam. They enjoy the power of free trade no matter where in the country, and are respected by the king; many of them have high status
They held important official positions; many Chinese became the most capable agents, merchants and ship owners. Most of the agents, warehousemen and accountants sent by the king overseas were Chinese."
Siamese Chinese businessmen usually settled for more than five years, and about half of them married local women. After being successful locally, the first generation of Chinese businessmen generally continued their business by their descendants, regardless of whether they returned to the country or not. The King of Siam also promoted the business through official titles.
And business privileges attract Chinese businessmen to assimilate into Thai society. Chinese businessmen intermarry with Thai people and are naturally assimilated into the Thai economy and Thai society. Intermarriage ensures that Chinese business capital is Thai national capital, and Chinese business capital becomes Thailand's national capital, which is also the case in Southeast Asia.
Unique.
Chen Banchao was a Siamese rice merchant, and his love for his motherland was one of the factors. As a general secretary, he accompanied the Siamese mission to Annan, which shocked him. Zhu Yongxing forced the Zheng family in Annan to cede land and pay compensation, and opened up the seaport.
The establishment of overseas trade channels also made Chen Banchao aware of the future development potential of the Ming army and saw the business opportunities therein.
Businessmen's pursuit of profit makes them usually have a forward-looking vision and the nature of investment and gambling. Chen Banchao not only wanted to continue to operate the rice industry, but also took a fancy to the tea industry in Yunnan Province, so he had preliminary communication and discussions with the Zheng family.
After the Ming army won the counterattack in western Yunnan, Chen Banchao's mentality became even stronger. After Tuan Xian heard that Zhu Yongxing sent people to buy grain, he shipped thirty ships of rice from Siam and was willing to give it to the Ming army on credit.
, I just want to obtain the distribution rights for some tea leaves from Yunnan Province.
In everything, it is necessary to grasp the model and to deceive everyone, it is undoubtedly a good way to set an example first. Chen Banchao's request was approved by Zhu Yongxing, and he was awarded a knighthood and honor. A decent title, in exchange for
The donation of thirty boatloads of rice, and the long-term cooperation that followed.
As the flagship product of Yunnan Province's future trade, tea, its current output is not very high. If we want to expand the scale of planting, we must solve the contradiction between growing cash crops and food crops, and we must have food shipped from outside as subsidies.
Before the Mekong Delta was developed and became a grain base to resist the Qing Dynasty, purchasing grain from outside was unavoidable.
With excitement on his face, Chen Banchao stepped forward to receive the title documents, and Zhu Yongxing personally wore the medal and scarf, becoming the first overseas Chinese to receive the title of civilian knight.
Only two businessmen were awarded civilian titles. In the Ministry of Military Industry, two people were awarded the eighth-grade civilian title "Ming Gong" for their innovations and hard work. Two veterans were awarded the ninth-grade civilian title for their diligence and loyalty.
"Mingqin", scholars and farmers are temporarily absent.
Zhu Yongxing was working on a balance, and he also hoped that in the future he could use these people to compete with the Confucian scholars and gentry. Therefore, the people were filled with people from all walks of life. They were not dominated by scholars.
It does not emphasize business, nor does it suppress business. As long as businessmen abide by the law and make money in a proper way, it can provide a relatively relaxed environment; support the workers as a class, so that the weak sprouts of capitalism that have emerged can grow, and the agricultural society will gradually become more mature.
Industrial society or commercial society undergoes transition and transformation; farming must also be guided and promoted. After all, China is a traditional agricultural country, and industrialization must maintain a certain rate and develop in accordance with national conditions.
Of course, Zhu Yongxing was also very cautious in conferring civilian titles to avoid reducing their value due to excessive titles. Similarly, he also temporarily excluded those businessmen whose family members were in the areas ruled by the Qing court from the conferral of titles. Nothing else, I hope
In the name of civilians, merchants are allowed to transfer their wealth and contribute their strength to their own rule.
After the conferment of honors and honors was completed, Zhu Yongxing gave some words of encouragement and appreciation, and then left the venue. The rest was for the businessmen to discuss opening a business store in Haiphong and establishing a business group. The government's intervention in this matter was reduced to
At the minimum, it only collects taxes, supervises, audits, mediates, and punishes illegal activities in accordance with the law. The rest of the business matters are negotiated and resolved by the chamber of commerce established within the business group, which can be regarded as giving the businessmen a relatively relaxed environment, allowing them to work more freely.
Development. At the same time, businessmen will form a group to do business more powerfully and more targeted. In the future, they may also become a force to compete with the British and Dutch East India Company.
Of course, the merchants also discussed accepting and using newly minted coins and subscribing for ZTE treasury bonds in exchange for a charter to do business in Yunnan Province and other areas occupied by the Ming army. Perhaps the agreement reached would not be too satisfactory.
The number will not be too much. But this is just the beginning. As the war continues to win, the territory occupied becomes larger and larger, the charter will become more and more valuable, and the number of subscriptions for ZTE's treasury bonds will also become larger and larger.
It is very natural to stand on the side of the winner. Zhu Yongxing sees this very clearly, so he does not just rely on people's patriotic sentiments and some impassioned propaganda slogans. Always let people see hope,
Only when there is an impulse to invest and achieve results can it flow together and form an increasingly powerful force.
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When using troops to win, food comes first. When soldiers use their lives, pay is the most important thing. For the feudal army, food and pay are the key to ensuring combat effectiveness. This is the saying "the emperor never lacks hungry soldiers".
Although Zhu Yongxing was worried about money and food, he still knew that he could not impose excessive taxes, so as not to lose people's hearts and lose the foundation for long-term resistance to the Qing Dynasty. This was not the case with the Qing army in Yunnan Province, especially the Manchu generals.
The province has caused widespread resentment and the people are in dire straits.
Wu Sangui and the Manchu generals had different strategic opinions, so they could only report it to the imperial court for a decision. The Qing court felt that it was difficult to decide on a memorial that was suspected of exaggeration and underestimating the enemy, especially regarding the request for food and salary.
The request is difficult to fulfill.
At this time, Annan General Da Su of Quanzhou was mobilizing troops and preparing to attack Jin and Xia to complete the mission of annihilating Zheng Chenggong, who was seriously injured. This battle was of great importance, and the Qing government had already committed all the naval forces in the southeast and was gritting its teeth.
After paying a huge amount of food and salary to supply Manchu generals and naval officers and soldiers in Zhejiang, Guangdong, and Fujian provinces, there was no surplus food and salary to give to Southwest China. Therefore, Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty issued two relatively vague decrees.
"Your Majesty Sangui invites you to suppress the false clan. One of the orders is: If the situation is not feasible, be careful not to force it. The other is: You may be able to raise your own food and salary, but you must make plans and consider it carefully. The words of the heaven are great, please be careful, my minister.
The wisdom is rough and the words are impeccable. But after repeated preparations, I thought that the Yunnan campaign was not over yet, the border troubles continued, and the soldiers and horses were restless. I have been deeply gracious to Levi Fan, what is my duty?
I can't bear to worry my father by doing this..."
"...Dian Province has experienced several wars and has been extremely devastated. If the people are in need of food and grass, it is difficult to provide relief regardless of the period of money shortage in each province. There are many people who have money coming to Yunnan to buy goods. The people's houses are suffering from hanging on the rocks, and the price of rice in the market is increasing day by day.
, public and private relations are difficult, and it is difficult to pay. Moreover, the pseudo-clan is good at playing tricks on people's hearts, and the new scriptures of Nanfu have been opened, and it is difficult to know what people's direction is. Now that there is an incident in Yuanjiang, the chieftains are shaken all over the place. Once they are incited, swarms will appear all over the place. If not
How can those who plan to defeat the leader in one fell swoop fear our emperor’s mighty spirit, and know that it is impossible to escape from a method that goes against the will of heaven..."
Wu Sangui was eager to secure his own garden, and he regarded Zhu Yongxing as a serious problem. As the general manager of Yunnan and Guizhou, he mobilized Guizhou troops and horses, and once again submitted a petition to the Qing court for support. He was a smart man and knew the shortcomings of Yunnan Province after the war.
If one goes by the imperial court's advice of "raising one's own food and wages", it is very likely that the excessive persecution will cause the people and chieftains to become resentful and repeat the mistakes of the Yuanjiang Rebellion.
But Wu Sangui ignored the urgency of the Manchurian soldiers in Yunnan Province and overestimated their IQ and vision. Since there was an imperial edict, the Manchurian soldiers acted vigorously and resolutely. They immediately began to "raise their own food and pay" and prepared to destroy the Ming army in Yunnan Province.
Return to Beijing and have fun.
When the Qing army first entered Yunnan Province, they divided the land into several grades according to its fertility and stipulated different tax amounts. In Yunnan Province, only the top-grade fields in Heyang County (Chengjiang) levied eight liters of rice per mu, which was the national tax rate.
The most important grain quota in the province. Now, the Manchu generals are sending people everywhere with imperial edicts to increase grain at will.
For example, Guangnan Prefecture and Kaihua Prefecture (Wenshan) are "remotely located in thousands of mountains, bounded by hills and mountains". The nanometers per mu are as high as one bucket, six liters and three tons, and their tax amount is twice as high as that of the top places in Heyang County! There are also
"The land is all rugged and valleyy", and places with less cultivated land should have been exempted from surveying and were only charged symbolically. Now, thousands of dans of additional tax rice have been added. "Land tax silver", "tea tax silver", etc. have also been collected.
.
Not only did they increase grain at will, but the Manchurian soldiers also distributed their "daily necessities and other items" to the people of the ethnic minorities. They distributed the village's annual silver, seeds, walnuts, fungus, etc., and also distributed horse feed.
The chieftains of the ethnic minorities in Yunnan were rich, so naturally they could not escape extortion. The Manchu generals ordered the native officials to donate gold and silver, which was called "helping salaries." However, gold and silver were not calculated by weight, but were calculated based on the local "leather helmets".
Measuring device. The wealth of the "Turkish Chief" was calculated one by one with this leather helmet. He was forced to hand it over to the government and was "unbearably miserable"!
In a nutshell, both the Han and ethnic minorities in the areas occupied by the Qing army in Yunnan Province became enslaved by the Manchurian soldiers. In addition to paying national taxes, they also shouldered various private services. A poor and war-torn region is very difficult.
It is difficult to imagine the hardships suffered by the broad masses of people who cannot bear this heavy burden.
"Dian Province has been ruined many times. How can the relics bear the sudden increase in food supply several times? It is called self-raised food and wages, but it is actually a private levy. It has been brutalized and the people are suffering so much that more than half of their fields have been abandoned and turned into ravines.
The desolation is getting worse. This is sowing beacon fire all over the land, destroying the reputation of the prince among all the people..." Since the defeat of Yuanjiang, Liu Xuanchu has been somewhat taciturn and less likely to make suggestions, but today he hurriedly came to see Wu Sangui. He was very surprised.
He spoke angrily and somewhat worriedly.
"Brother Xuanchu——" Fang Guangchen was also sitting there. He smiled bitterly and shook his head, seeming to explain, but then said helplessly: "You should know that this was not the intention of the prince, but the doing of the Manchu soldiers."
"How can the prince, who is in charge of Yunnan and Guizhou, allow such wanton behavior?" Liu Xuanchu's tone softened a little, and he looked at Wu Sangui and said full of hope: "The chaos in Yuanjiang has caused the local chiefs to be shaken, and it is time to calm them down. Now they are forced to do so.
It's so tight. Isn't it just asking for trouble? My lord, you should stop it immediately, lest the beacon breaks out and becomes difficult to control!"
"Don't I know the pros and cons?" Wu Sangui said in distress and irritation, with hatred and anger: "I have hurriedly reported to the emperor and asked him to issue an order to stop it. I hope there will be no chaos. Alas, I hope so!"
"The Manchu soldiers have always acted recklessly, and the imperial edicts were vague." Fang Guangchen saw Liu Xuanchu's face full of anger and his mouth open to speak, so he hurriedly tried to persuade him: "The prince is also in a difficult situation. Brother Xuanchu is willing to sacrifice himself and understand the prince's difficulties.
!”
Liu Xuanchu's lips parted, but he finally said nothing more, and just sighed heavily. Although he was a prince, he was still a slave of the Manchurians, and he did not dare to compete with the Manchurian generals. He was in charge of Yunnan and Guizhou, but he could not give orders to the Manchurian soldiers and generals, allowing them to do whatever they wanted and cause chaos.
Yunnan Bureau. This sigh contains various complex emotions.
………………
Is Wu Sangui so short-sighted? No, it shouldn't be. When Zhu Yongxing received the information from the Intelligence Department and the letters asking for help from the secret chieftains, he quickly dismissed the thought that arose.
If it is said that Wu Sangui also imposed excessive taxes in Yunnan Province, causing deep resentment among the people, but it was only after he wiped out the remnants of the Southern Ming Dynasty, captured and killed Yongli, and defeated the chieftain rebellion in Yuanjiang and other places. Dading, Yunnan Province,
Only Wu Sangui dared to do this because he could no longer shake his rule in Dian Province.
Now, those with a clear vision should know that if they want to send troops to attack western or southern Yunnan, they must ensure the general stability of the occupied area. The defeat of Yuanjiang has already made people's hearts wander. To add a handful of firewood at this time, how short-sighted and stupid this is.
What a great job!
With the arrogance of claiming to be the victor, the contempt for the enemy who was in a corner and had a chance to take a breather, or the confidence and habit of conquering the world with cruelty and cruelty, Zhu Yongxing speculated on the thoughts of the Manchu soldiers and generals, and couldn't help but reveal his coldness.
's smile.
There is no one left in Manchuria! Thinking of the "hair-shaving order" that sparked wars all over the south of the Yangtze River, and the "widening of the sea" that harmed others and not benefited oneself, Zhu Yongxing once again affirmed his conclusion. The defeat of Ming Dynasty was actually caused by himself. Internal strife continued, making
The anti-Qing forces fell apart and were defeated one by one; Hong Chengchou, Wu Sangui, Kong Youde, Shang Kexi, Geng Jingzhong, Zhao Liangdong and others were the formidable enemies of China's revival. In a word, the traitors are too powerful. (To be continued, please search Gone with the Wind.
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