In 1215, King John of England was forced to sign the "Magna Carta", which restricted the power of the feudal monarch for the first time in history and later became the legal cornerstone of the British constitutional monarchy. Later, the "Oxford Regulations" were formulated in 1258 and 1295.
The convening of the "Model Parliament" became a landmark from the origin to the formation of the British parliamentary system. After 1325, the era of convening parliament without civilian representatives finally ended. After more than a hundred years, the British Parliament finally came to an end.
, the process of production and formation.
It was not until the mid-17th century that, with the development of the British economy, a new class emerged, and they strongly demanded to participate in national politics. They used Parliament as a position to oppose the royal power. After the "Glorious Revolution" of 1688, the British political system transitioned from a monarchy.
to a constitutional monarchy.
From just protecting the political and economic rights of feudal nobles, to civilian representatives attending parliament, to the formation of a bicameral system, it took more than four hundred years for Britain to establish a constitutional monarchy. As for Zhu Yongxing, how many years does he plan to use to form a similar political system and end the decision-making by one person?
Feudal monarchy that brings happiness to the world?
In fifty years, there must be at least a prototype, a constitutional document, provisions to limit the power of feudal monarchs, and a mechanism for collective decision-making. This is the timetable Zhu Yongxing set for himself. It is very tight, very tight. But
He also has a very favorable condition, that is, as long as he does not get dizzy, such reforms will be promoted by him and will be done willingly.
The British parliamentary system has gone through many iterations and struggles, and the British king has tried every means to destroy it and tried his best to take back his supreme power. In this tortuous process, there has been bloodshed, sacrifices, wars, and conspiracies.
A trick. Anyway, it took a lot of time.
As for the stage of the aristocratic parliament, it is unlikely to exist in China, and there is no need to exist. As for the civilians, the business groups that grew up during the war, the traditional gentry class, retired meritorious soldiers, and factory owners can all be counted.
Peasants, due to their limited knowledge level, will probably be the last social class to enter parliament.
It is not required to be perfect from the beginning. This should be a long-term and continuous improvement process. Zhu Yongxing will not let go of too much power from the beginning. It is not that he is reluctant, but that no one will do better than him.
.
Confidence is the unique quality of a time traveler. Not to mention the current Zhu Yongxing, even if he travels through time and becomes a beggar, the world will still change. Who will step on whom, and there will be hordes of beauties...
"No Ming citizen may be imprisoned, have their property confiscated, be deprived of legal protection, be exiled, or suffer any other harm without a ruling under national law..."
The first step to rule the country by law? Zhu Yongxing looked at it carefully for a long time, slowly picked up the jade seal, and solemnly covered it.
Zha Rulong, the supervisor of the Prime Minister's Office, opened his mouth and smiled helplessly. He bowed and received the edict with utmost respect.
Blackton, a pioneer of English jurisprudence in the thirteenth century, wrote decades after the establishment of the Magna Carta: "The king cannot submit to his subjects, but must obey God and the law: for it is the law that makes the king."
Now, Zhu Yongxing does not have to obey God, but this paper edict formed the theoretical basis of "the king is under the law" in writing, making the Ming Dynasty truly move towards a "law-based society".
When it comes to a society ruled by law, we must strictly define it. The rule of law of the ancient Chinese Legalist school is based on monarchy. It is very different from the modern rule of law based on human rights. The first is that it cannot stand before the law.
Everyone is equal, and secondly, the monarch and the government do not rule according to the law but according to their own will.
In addition, the rule of law is inseparable from political enlightenment. Once government officials are indifferent, the law will become poisonous and become a cruel tool to persecute kind and law-abiding people. As a result, it will form a tyranny and the government will force the people to rebel.
Therefore, the essence of the rule of law lies in the government's compliance with the law, which is the rule of law in a narrow sense. The government's compliance with the law is intended to prevent arbitrary power, provide effective guidance for people's behavior through open and stable rules, and thereby provide certainty and predictability in life, so that people can
Reasonably arrange and plan one's life and achieve autonomy under the law. Therefore, in Zhu Yongxing's view, the rule of law is similar to honesty, and the government's failure to abide by the law is similar to deception and violates the original expectations of citizens to abide by the law.
"It's just that I no longer have the power to take life and death. I am not a person who kills indiscriminately, so there is no need to regret it." Zhu Yongxing exhaled a long breath, pointed to the bench next to him and motioned for Zha Rulong to sit down, and said in a deep voice: "National law
The more developed a country is, the more important the role of the rule of law plays in national governance. This not only has intrinsic value, but also has external functions. With the help of rich laws, effective implementation and legal adjudication will promote the stability and prosperity of economic exchanges and resolve problems.
A large number of social disputes and contradictions, maintaining social stability and basic fairness and justice."
"Long live the wise God, with excellent knowledge and far-sighted vision..."
"But I'm not proficient in legal provisions." Zhu Yongxing smiled and waved his hand, "Do you want to decide the case personally? I don't want to embarrass myself." After saying that, his face calmed down and he said in a deep voice: "From a small perspective, the rule of law can safeguard society.
Stability; in the big picture, it can promote the rise and prosperity of a country, and even prevent large-scale political turmoil for hundreds of years."
Zha Rulong seemed to understand. Although he also knew that "princes who break the law are guilty of the same crimes as the common people" has been said since ancient times, but this is just a saying, and there are really no special examples. As for the role that the rule of law can play, he sounds a little bit
Suspicious, not a little suspenseful, but I don’t really believe it will have such a big effect.
In fact, Zhu Yongxing is not exaggerating. In the context of large-scale commercial exchange and industrial manufacturing, the rule of law has indeed played a very important role in the development of the United Kingdom. With the help of the political governance method with the rule of law as the core, the United Kingdom has enjoyed great success for hundreds of years.
There has never been a large-scale political turmoil in the past, and it further promoted the rise of Britain.
In the first year of Zhaowu, under the imperial edict, perhaps not many people would think about "the king is under the law", but thought that this was to make up for the bad government of the previous dynasty, such as Jin Yiwei, Dongchang, Xichang and other evil deeds of violating the law; or
It was to reassure Ming officials and generals with complicated backgrounds, so that they would not have to worry too much about the imperial court settling the scores.
The deviation in understanding does not matter. After all, people are still stuck in the feudal society and are still rejoicing in the rejuvenation of the country and the wise monarch. No one thinks too far ahead, let alone what will happen decades or even hundreds of years later.
Time, and only time, can allow people to deeply understand its profound meaning, and only true implementation can let people know that the times are completely different. (To be continued, please search Piaotian Literature, the novel will be better and updated faster!