How many transactions are there and how much currency is issued.
As long as you can exchange for corresponding products, there will be no problem of over-issuance of currency.
In fact, there are problems in issuing banknotes based solely on the gold and silver inventory, and it is an issue that many people ignore. Because commercial transactions objectively require a certain amount of currency, the more developed the commerce, the more currency is needed.
In the past dynasties of China, after the world was at peace, it would not be long before the price of food plummeted sharply. For example, in the early Tang Dynasty, the price of a bucket of rice was worth several thousand yuan. However, soon after the world became peaceful, there were records of four or five yuan per bucket of rice, and the price dropped sharply.
Hundreds of times more.
Regarding this situation, most people still hold a positive attitude, believing that the prosperous times were prosperous, the people were plentiful, the price of rice was reduced, and the people's livelihood was good. They even regarded the cheap price of rice as a political achievement and a characteristic of the peaceful and prosperous times, and vigorously promoted it.
In fact, if you have a little common sense in economics, you will find that this is problematic.
It is certainly not enough to pay several thousand yuan for a bucket of rice, but the low price of the grain hurts the farmers, and the consequences are even more terrible.
Because generally speaking, although people don’t use much currency, they still need some currency to pay exorbitant taxes and celebrate weddings and funerals.
Food prices plummeted, and farmers could not exchange enough currency. When they needed to spend money, they had to borrow money. Some people had to sell their land and go bankrupt if they could not repay the loan sharks... Therefore, looking at the first few decades of the past dynasties,
There is such a pattern, first of all, because the war has just ended, there is a lot of waste waiting to be done, and prices are extremely high.
Then within a few years, as production resumed, food prices plummeted, and the imperial court entered a prosperous age. Then, the prosperous age contained crises. People's incomes dropped, bankruptcies increased, and mergers became more and more serious. A few decades later, crises were everywhere.
There is an urgent need for adjustment, and calls for reform will arise one after another.
From the Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song Dynasties, it basically came like this.
The reasons for this situation are naturally very complicated, but they are also related to the insufficient supply of precious metals... The price of rice has plummeted, but from another perspective, the price of money has skyrocketed.
Why is money worth more?
Because of the lack of gold, silver and copper.
To put it more bluntly, if the treasure banknotes are simply bound to gold, silver and copper, and there are not enough precious metal reserves, so many banknotes will not be issued... As a result, the banknotes will still be expensive and the food will be cheap, and the people will suffer.
So all in all, behind banknotes is by no means a simple currency reserve, but the commodity production capacity backed by national credit.
There are two elements here, one is national credit, and the other is the production capacity of the commodity.
National credit is easy to understand, but what is the commodity production capacity? It means that there must be enough commodities. Otherwise, even if your currency is universal and your credit is unparalleled, your industry will be hollowed out and nuclear power printing will be activated.
Money machines will definitely cause inflation, and it will become more and more serious.
Zhang Ximeng explained his idea to these people. They were all refreshed. Although they did not fall in love immediately, they all admired him a little.
But Song Lian asked out of curiosity: "Mr. Zhang, how much business is going to be done among the private sector? How do we know this?"
Sun Yan thought for a while and then took the initiative to say: "In fact, it's not difficult. We can count how much land tax we collect. Based on the land tax, we know how much food there is in the people. The people have to sell the food before they can buy what they need.
Commodities. How much the common people buy will be what the workshops will make... There may be a gap in between, but it is not impossible to estimate. Fortunately, now that the acres of land are average, no one can evade taxes. It is not difficult to estimate. If it were placed in the Yuan Dynasty, it would only be
I'm afraid it's the exact opposite, and it's a huge difference."
When Sun Yan said this, he looked at Timur first, and actually sympathized with him. He was also playing with banknotes. It can't be said that Tuoduo's changes were completely wrong, but it was a pity that he was so unlucky.
.The Yuan Dynasty was in ruins from top to bottom. Good things will fail, and bad things will fail even more. To sum up, no matter whether you understand the king or the sleeping king, no one can make a difference. It is hard to get back after a long time.
Zhang Ximeng nodded slightly. He didn't expect that his secretary was really talented. It seemed that their family was just doing business, so some experience was considered normal.
"Yes, we can estimate the approximate volume of private transactions. But there is one more thing we need to be careful about, and that is sabotage from the outside world!"
Jia Lu asked curiously: "You are talking about Zhang Shicheng?"
Zhang Ximeng said: "At present, we mainly produce food. Although silk and cotton are produced, the quantity is not as good as Zhang Shicheng's. The other is salt! If Zhang Shicheng uses salt to buy food on a large scale, causing food shortages, or accumulates a large amount of treasure banknotes to exchange for gold and silver,
Any price fluctuations will affect the stability of our banknotes."
According to Zhang Ximeng's analysis, if it were the generals in the army, they would probably shout to kill Zhang Jiusi.
However, everyone here is obviously a scholar, so their thinking is naturally different.
Liu Bowen said: "Nowadays, everything is in need of improvement. It is enough for the common people to wear coarse cloth. Silk and cotton are also used in the army. We can find a way to do this. But the most troublesome thing is salt! Firewood, rice, oil and salt are also indispensable. This
It is a livelihood resource for the people, and if Zhang Shicheng holds it in his hands, it will be very detrimental to us."
Song Lian said: "There are only three places where salt is produced in the world. Sea salt in the southeast, pond salt in the northwest, and well salt in Bashu. However, we don't occupy any of them. What should we do?"
Liu Bowen smiled, "Brother Jing Lian, why did you forget Fang Guozhen?"
"Fang Guozhen?"
"That's right! He is currently at war with Zhang Shicheng, and the consumption must be considerable. Not long ago, he sent his son over, and the superior discussed with him about salt... If we find a way to get more salt from Fang Guozhen, Zhang Shicheng
You can't pinch our necks. Who knows, you can even resell the salt and make a fortune!" Liu Bowen was obviously much more flexible than Song Lian, and it was not without reason. After all, Liu Bowen had raised a local warrior in his hometown.
In order to maintain it, I have thought of various ways to make money.
For example, Liu Bowen knew very well that some Huizhou merchants would go to the coasts of Jiangsu and Zhejiang to purchase salt and traffic it to the inland to make a lot of money.
After everyone's brainstorming discussion, the entire situation became clear.
Zhang Ximeng concluded, "We must issue treasure banknotes, and the basis of this treasure banknote is food-based commodities. In order to ensure the stability of the treasure banknote currency system, we need to understand the amount of private trade, which was explained by Sun Yat-sen University.
Yan takes the lead to calculate...if necessary, ask Mr. Li for help and obtain the inventory from the Ministry of Household Affairs."
Sun Yan quickly agreed, "I understand the humble position."
"The second item is that salt is a necessity for people's livelihood and we are in short supply. We should reach an agreement with Fang Guozhen to hoard as much salt as possible... We must adopt the official sales method to hold the salt in our own hands and ensure that it
There is enough, and the price of salt is stable. As long as the grain and salt are maintained, the treasure banknotes will not change much!" Zhang Ximeng said to Liu Bowen: "I am afraid Mr. Bowen will have to intervene in this matter."
Liu Bowen was startled, "Xiang Zhang, I, I have a grudge against the Fang family and his son. They want to arrest my whole family. I will go and talk to him. If the enemies meet, I'm afraid..."
"What are you afraid of!"
Zhang Ximeng suddenly interrupted Liu Bowen and said with a cold smile: "Now that we are powerful and Fang Guozhen is small, we are too mediocre. He and Zhang Shicheng are at war with each other! We are not begging him for salt, but giving him a way to survive! Mr. Bowen,
You will have to deal with outsiders a lot in the future, so you can’t be too much of a gentleman!"
Liu Bowen took a deep breath, and his eyes gradually revealed a look... Even Timur in the distance was trembling. I guessed it right, this man has a knife in his heart!
Let him deal with Fang Guozhen. Isn't that a good time to take revenge and complain?
Zhang Ximeng is really dark. Such lively events will be inevitable in the future. It is really worth looking forward to!
After arranging these two people, there is actually one big thing left, and that is the currency itself, which must have sufficient anti-counterfeiting measures.
After all, everything they talk about is based on the authenticity and validity of currency. If some great god comes out and prints millions of banknotes that are difficult to distinguish between genuine and fake, and puts them on the market, it will completely stop the business.
.
However, this kind of matter is not something you should discuss with them. You must ask professionals.
Lu Zhou called on masters of printing and painting from Yangzhou, Yingtian, Xuancheng and other places. They all got together and studied the characteristics of Jiaozi and Baobao, then read the information and summarized the anti-counterfeiting methods.
For example, the choice of paper ink, such as printing technology, such as special markings, and numbering banknotes, etc... basically everything that can be thought of has been thought of.
In this way, they produced the first batch of banknotes and delivered them to Zhang Ximeng.
Zhang Ximeng looked at it briefly and then asked a question that hit his soul, "Um... can you still draw it?"
Lu Zhou was stunned for a moment, rolled his eyes several times, and then puffed out his cheeks and said, "I can draw it, but I can't draw it anymore."
"Why?"
"Because it takes three days to draw a consistent coin. Now I can help identify counterfeit coins and earn more!" Lu Zhou said in a dull voice.
Zhang Ximeng suddenly burst into laughter, "Okay... So, there is still a possibility of fraud?"
"Well! There must be people who are better than me!"
Zhang Ximeng deeply agrees: "It's pretty good to be able to do this. No matter when it comes, it will be impossible to completely eliminate counterfeit money, unless everyone stops using banknotes... Since the cost of counterfeiting is very high, I will arrange for people to supervise
In all markets, identify counterfeit banknotes in a timely manner, identify problems, and punish them severely!"
Lu Zhou thought so.
As of today, all preparations for the issuance of treasure banknotes have been completed.
The next step is the official launch.
Who can be lucky enough to own the first Huaxia banknote?
Is it the noble Duke of Wu, Zhu Yuanzhang? Or some lucky businessman?
Obviously, the answer is Zhang Ximeng.
He came to the original grain bank early, took out an ingot of gold ingot, deposited it solemnly, and exchanged it for 166 Chinese treasure banknotes.
But right after Zhang Ximeng left, this gold ingot immediately attracted the covetous attention of countless people!
Where did Zhang Daqingguan get the gold ingot?
Isn't this the thief who stayed behind?
It's true!
It is said that this ingot of gold ingot is very interesting... It was originally a golden Buddha that Fang Guozhen snatched. I heard that it was to be presented to Emperor Yuan of Dadu. However, it was stolen and melted into an ingot.
Later, the thief made a bet and came to Jinling to steal the high-ranking officials of Zhu Jiajun. He entered Prime Minister Zhang's house, but was completely destitute and didn't steal anything. Instead, he left behind an ingot of gold.
This is not an ordinary gold ingot, it is an ironclad proof of Zhang Xiang’s integrity!
What’s interesting is that Zhang Xiang issued treasure banknotes and deposited this ingot, which became the witness of China’s treasure banknotes... How much meaning is given to this small gold ingot!
This thing could be a family heirloom!
Maybe it can ward off evil spirits and bring peace to the family, and from then on, high-ranking officials will appear in large numbers, shining on the family lintel... Soon, a large group of wealthy businessmen and wealthy people in Jinling all ran to the food bank, even if they paid ten times or a hundred times the price, they would pay for it.
Got the gold ingot!
Just as a lively bidding was about to begin, a man suddenly walked out from the crowd.
"Hmph! Your dirty hands are worthy of touching Prime Minister Zhang's gold ingot! I tell you, no one can take it away! This is mine!"
"You? Who do you think you are? How much money can you give? Why should it be yours?" A few wealthy businessmen are frantically trying to deal with this humble man. We want to invite him back and bless his family's things. How can it be cheap for you? What a dream!
The man was calm and said, "If I say it's mine, it's mine. None of you can take it away! Because this ingot is stolen goods! And I..." He pointed to his nose and said with a smile, "That's it.
That thief who entered Prime Minister Zhang’s mansion!”
After saying this, he put his hands behind his back and said proudly: "Come here, tie me up! Bring the physical evidence with you! Let me go see Prime Minister Zhang!"