Chapter thirty-fifth, the decisive battle in Chita
Jiang Qiang then made another clear statement, I am Wang Yizhe, and I will give you two choices in Moscow. The first is to apologize to the Chinese people who died under the guns of the Soviet Union, and to recognize that Northeast China and Mongolia are an inalienable part of China, and to recognize Xinjiang.
It is also the territory of China, and we will withdraw our troops from these places. The second is that I order all the armies to march to Chita, and fight your army in Chita. After victory, the 500 kilometers radius of Chita will be the land of China, and it will be changed to the Far East.
Province.
Chita was originally the area where nomadic peoples lived in the north of my country in ancient times. The Huns, Uighurs, Mongols and other ethnic groups have lived a nomadic life here for generations. In the Yuan Dynasty, Chita belonged to the Lingbei Province. Tsarist Russia expanded eastward and entered Siberia, occupying large areas. land, and invaded the Heilongjiang River Basin of our country, including the Chita area. Tsarist Russia built the city of Yaksa on the north bank of Heilongjiang and planned to use it as a base for further invasion of China. The Chinese government sent troops to fight against the Russian invaders. After the Qing government and both sides of the Heilongjiang River, Thanks to the heroic fighting of the people of all ethnic groups, the Qing army achieved a great victory in Yaksa and drove away the Russian invaders. In 1689, the Qing government and Tsarist Russia signed the "Contract" with Russia in Nerchinsk (now Nerchinsk (Nerchinsk)). Treaty of Nerchinsk, the Chita region was officially assigned to Russia.
At this time, all the countries and Chinese people were stupid. How could it be so fast? Those soldiers from Sichuan and Guangxi were still training in Baoshan. At this time, all the territory was captured. Moscow was also stupid. The supplies for the army were not yet in place.
Furthermore, aid from the United States and money from the United Kingdom have not yet been received.
At this time, in the Sichuan military camp in Hongkou, all the soldiers had put on new military uniforms and bedding, and everyone's daily necessities were complete. On the first day, the Sichuan soldiers made a big joke and started eating.
At that time, all the soldiers ate meat and vegetables, and the vegetables were basically left untouched. In the end, dozens of soldiers were sent to the hospital due to gastrointestinal discomfort. The division commander angrily cursed, saying that it was okay for you to be embarrassed in Sichuan and run to Shanghai.
The Sichuan people were all embarrassed, Tang Juwu said, saying that we didn’t think carefully, the soldiers’ eyes were red, and they thought to themselves that these Shanghai people were really good to them, just these clothes and leather shoes, etc.
We have seen difficulties in Sichuan. Now everyone has two sets of them, and that means money.
At this time, the Guangxi soldiers also arrived. They were led by Bai Chongxi himself, and they were also a division of 11,000 people. The Guangxi soldiers were all bare-handed, and they only had fifty rifles in one division. Tang Juwu said with a smile, Bai
The chief of staff came here to fight, but to replenish weapons and ammunition. Bai Chongxi smiled and said, there is no way, who calls us Guangxi poor, haha. In the end, those Guangxi soldiers laughed at those Sichuan soldiers. In the end, they were sent to the hospital more than the Sichuan soldiers.
There were still many people, and it was true that the eldest brother did not laugh at the second brother. At this time, the Sichuan soldiers were almost fully trained. Tang Juwu received a telegram from Jiang Qiang saying that the Sichuan soldiers and Guangxi soldiers were required to train for two months because Moscow had arrived.
So far, no troops have been dispatched.
And asked to send a telegram to Liu Xiang saying that to organize the refugees in Sichuan and the people who are willing to go to the Northeast, Shanghai will support Sichuan with 100 million US dollars free of charge, and also help Liu Xiang set up a factory in Sichuan, and promised that each one will get 100 million US dollars.
Mu of land and free housing, as well as a village and a tractor. As a result, Bai Chongxi said that Tang Juwu looked down on us in Guangxi. Tang Juwu said, how about the same conditions? That Bai Chongxi would jump for joy. The Nanjing government
Not willing to give in, he sent Mr. Song to find Tang Juwu. Tang Juwu sent a telegram to Jiang Qiang. Jiang Qiang said that as long as there were refugees and ordinary people in Henan, Shanghai would give the Nanjing government 200 million US dollars and also fund a large steel project.
The factory is in Ma'anshan, and the chairman almost jumped for joy.
Jiang Qiang's intention was to circulate the Shanghai Development Bank's banknotes across the country. At this time, Shanghai was like a trading market. Even American warships helped send people to Heilongjiang. The brick and tile factories and cement factories in Heilongjiang are currently busy.
Anyway, it was a lot of free labor, but Jiang Qiang was unwilling because Jiang Qiang wanted to integrate these people into the big family of the Chinese nation. As a result, the wages were extremely high, almost the same as that of a company commander. Those in the Soviet Union
What the soldiers did not expect was such a high salary. One month was half the salary of the Soviet army. Everyone became more motivated. A large number of villages were built one after another in the outer northeast. Jiang Qiang asked the local people in the Soviet Union to set up a fishing industry.
The brigade went to the deep sea to fish. The price Jiang Qiang offered was still very high. At this time, the Soviet citizens felt that being Chinese was really good. Finally, they asked for more vegetables. Jiang Qiang said, there was no problem.
, just like this, after four months of hard work, the population of immigrants from Northeast China has reached nearly 9 million, which makes Jiang Qiang extremely happy, because there are less than 1.2 million original Soviet residents here.
Moscow didn't know what was going on, but there was no sign of the army. At this time, Jiang Qiang asked two divisions to go to Mongolia. When they arrived in Mongolia, the two Soviet divisions had already retreated, and the Mongolian princes were also fighting with the Soviet Union.
Jiang Qiang would not pay much attention to the people who had withdrawn together. If something happened, he would tell Moscow clearly, would you also withdraw the troops from Xinjiang? I won’t attack your Chita. It seems that you are also in great difficulty. You said you are the only ones
With such a large population, it is true that the people's hearts are not enough. As a result, Jin Shuren clearly stated that Xinjiang has been a part of China since ancient times. The Soviet troops have all withdrawn, and Xinjiang has returned to the embrace of China.
As we all know, Xinjiang has been a part of China since ancient times. However, due to its remote distance from the Central Plains and its unique scenery and landforms, during the Republic of China, Xinjiang still maintained many characteristics that were very different from the inland. Due to the lack of transportation, Xinjiang is vast and rich in resources
But they are still extremely poor. In quite some areas, there are even some systems left over from history. In areas where Kazakhs and Mongolians gather, the Zasak system is implemented. In Uighur residential areas, the Bek system is implemented. There are even systems in Turpan, Hami.
There is a royal system - King Hami and King Turpan still have their own territory and land and do not have to pay taxes.
Moreover, for a long time, due to Xinjiang's economic backwardness and sparse population, in order to maintain its rule over Xinjiang, the Qing government has been implementing a joint salary system for Xinjiang, that is, the central government supports the troops stationed in Xinjiang and uses the central government's finance to supplement military expenditures. All this began in 1911
After the Revolution of 1911 broke out and the Qing Dynasty was destroyed, it disappeared. Although the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty, it failed to establish an independent and complete new China. On the contrary, due to their own selfish interests, the land of China fell into a warlord melee.
and separatist regime. Under this situation, neither the Beiyang government in the north nor the Revolutionary Party government in the south has the interest or spare capacity to support the military in Xinjiang.
Of course, they did not give up completely. In 1912, Yuan Shikai, who succeeded the president, appointed Yang Zengxin, a Yunnan native who had served in Aksu and Zhendi successively, as the governor and governor of Xinjiang. Yang Zengxin therefore became the first king of Xinjiang in the Republic of China.
After taking office as the governor of Xinjiang, although Yang Zengxin was a typical old-school bureaucrat, he also possessed many advantages of the old-style Chinese literati. For example, he encouraged culture and education, established schools, reduced troops, rewarded land reclamation, and maintained the unification of the motherland. But at the same time,
He also has shortcomings that the old-style Chinese literati cannot overcome. For example, he firmly believes in Lao Tzu's idea of a small country with few people, pursues governance by inaction, advocates "Don't ask about the affairs of the Central Plains, and the ignorant people will always be the ancient people." He has always ruled Xinjiang with a closed-door policy and a policy of obscuring the people.
Although Yang Zengxin's rule over Xinjiang is not perfect, he is a rare ruler who maintains peace in Xinjiang in troubled times. Therefore, this Yunnan native who has nothing to do with all forces in Xinjiang serves as the governor of Xinjiang and rules Xinjiang.
It lasted for 17 years. Precisely because he was not a local and had no connections with all forces, after he was appointed governor of Xinjiang, in order to recruit talents and strengthen control over Xinjiang, Yang Zengxin came from Gansu and other places
Recruited a large number of talents. Among them was Jin Shuren, the second king of Xinjiang.
Jin Shuren and Yang Zengxin actually have a close relationship. In 1896 AD, which was the 22nd year of Guangxu, Yang Zengxin, who served as the magistrate of Hezhou, founded and afforestation trees in Hezhou, including poplar, willow, elm, ash, maple, locust, white pine, and sand.
He even served as a teacher himself to cultivate talents for the local area. It was precisely because of Yang Zengxin’s efforts that the backward and backward Hezhou cultivated a large number of outstanding talents. During the Republic of China, Hezhou
The people of this state have such great power in the northwest region, which is also closely related to the Hezhou Academy founded by Yang Zengxin. In 1912, the first year of the Republic of China, Yang Zengxin was appointed by the Beijing government as the governor of Xinjiang and took charge of the military and political power of Xinjiang for the first time.
, Yang Zengxin, who was in urgent need of talents, began to recruit talents aggressively, and Jin Shuren also relied on his former teacher-student friendship to join Yang Zengxin. Since talents were very scarce, he was quite talented, and had a deep connection with Yang Zengxin, Jin Shuren was not surprised to get Yang Zengxin
Therefore, although he had no experience, Jin Shuren served as governor of Aksu, Shufu, Dihua and other counties in Xinjiang under Yang Zengxin.
Moreover, in the 8th year of the Republic of China, that is, 1919 AD, due to the outbreak of the Soviet-Russian Civil War, a large number of White Russian troops were defeated by the Soviet Red Army and fled to Xinjiang, trying to use Xinjiang as a base to counterattack Soviet Russia. At that time, the number of White Russian troops entering Xinjiang was quite large
It was huge. At the end of February 1920 alone, more than 11,000 White Russian troops led by Bachchi entered Xinjiang with more than 9,000 horses. At that time, due to the aggression and expansion of Tsarist Russia, there were also a large number of Russians living in Xinjiang. In addition, the weapons of the White Russian army
The number of equipment and troops was no less than that of Yang Zengxin's troops. For a time, Xinjiang was in danger of being involved in the Soviet-Russian civil war. Faced with such a crisis, Jin Shuren responded calmly and adopted the method of trapping the leaders of the Belarusian army to divide and disintegrate the Belarusian army in Xinjiang.
, thereby eliminating this crisis. Therefore, he gained Yang Zengxin's trust even more.
The most important thing for Jin Shuren was to expand armaments and increase his own strength and sense of security. Therefore, starting from early July 1928, Jin Shuren took advantage of the nationwide deployment of troops and began to vigorously reorganize the army and expand its establishment. As a result, Moscow was not willing to be unwilling.
After falling behind, they began to station troops at the border, and wanted to train Sheng Shicai to be the Soviet Union's dogleg. They kept moving three divisions to the interior of Xinjiang. Unexpectedly, it ended well like this. Sheng Shicai was born in Kaiyuan County, Fengtian (today's Liaoning Province)
Shengjiatun, Kaiyuan City in the northern part of the province, was born in poverty. When he was a child, he studied in junior high school in Xifeng County, fifth high school in Shenyang, and Liaoning Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Middle School. In 1917, he went to Japan to study and studied political economics at Meiji University in Tokyo.
During this period, he came into contact with left-wing publications. Sheng Shicai returned to China to participate in the May 4th Movement. He believed that studying could not change China's backwardness, so he decided to join the army. After returning to China, he entered the Shaoguan branch of the Yunnan Army Lecture Hall sponsored by Li Gengen, Guangdong. After graduation, he introduced him.
Returning to the Northeast, he served in Guo Songling's unit of the 8th Brigade of the Fengjun Army, serving as platoon, company commander, captain and staff officer. He won Guo Songling's trust. After Guo's introduction, he married Guo Songling's adopted daughter Qiu Yufang. In the autumn of 1929, Sheng Shicai married Xinjiang Provincial Secretary-General Lu
They met with their ancestors. Jin Shuren needed talents to train the army in Xinjiang. Sheng Shicai took the initiative to ask to go to Xinjiang. In the autumn of 1930, Sheng Shicai left for the Soviet Union and followed Lu Xiaozu to Xinjiang. In the 1930s, he was appointed by Jin Shuren as the chief tactical instructor of the "Xinjiang Army Junior Officer School"
, and trained later confidants such as Lu Yulin and Wang Yushu.
Since Jin Shuren, the governor of Xinjiang Province, has been very cruel to the oppression, exploitation and enslavement of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang since he took power in 1928, it has aroused the hatred of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, and some local rulers also took the opportunity to seize independence. In 1931, the "Kami Riot"
In January, Ma Zhongying led more than 6,000 people to Xinjiang and occupied eastern Xinjiang. Sheng Shicai served as the "Chief of Staff of the East Road Bandit Suppression Headquarters" and defeated Ma Zhongying and Ganiyazi. He later served as the commander-in-chief of the East Road Bandit Suppression Headquarters and fought repeatedly.
He won, and his prestige was increasing day by day. But he felt that his strength was not enough, so he moved closer to the Soviet Union, so he gave the Soviet Union a chance. At this time, the Soviet Union became Sheng Shicai's father. Jiang Qiang also felt helpless. There was no way for the Soviet Union to fight against the Chita people.
They refused to agree, and finally let it go. They also gave Guangxi and Sichuan 200 million US dollars, and a large number of new weapons and ammunition were supplied to the Northeast Army and Yan Xishan's army. This time, Yan Xishan and Marshal Zhang were the happiest.
Yes, he received a large number of weapons for no reason. Yan Xishan was thinking that those people in Shanghai were really rich.