Chapter 344 Materials affecting national development
Although he was busy last night and didn't go to bed until after two o'clock in the evening, Xu Chuan still got out of bed at about seven o'clock the next day.
After simply washing up and having breakfast, he quickly rushed to the research institute.
The testing of high-temperature copper-carbon-silver composite materials is not over yet. Last night, he and Song Wenbo only tested the superconducting critical tc temperature and the Midas effect. It was confirmed that this new type of copper-carbon-silver composite material can operate at a temperature of 1K
can transform into a superconducting state.
And there are more than just these test items for a material.
In addition to the mechanical properties testing and electronic properties testing of ordinary materials, superconducting materials also have unique boundary current density, vortex pinning performance, captured magnetic field and other aspects of testing.
Compared with the ordinary characteristics of mechanics and electronics, the subsequent superconducting test is the key to the quality of a superconducting material.
For example, critical current density refers to the maximum current density that can be achieved in a certain chemical environment. Even under the maximum current flow, electrode corrosion or changes in chemical impedance will not occur.
Anyone who knows a little bit about superconductors generally knows that superconductivity has the concept of critical temperature tc. It is the temperature at which normal phase materials transform into superconducting materials.
But superconductors not only have a critical temperature, but also a critical current density and critical magnetic field strength.
Once the temperature is higher than the critical temperature/the current density exceeds the critical current density/the magnetic field intensity exceeds the critical magnetic field intensity, it will transition to the normal phase.
In other words, to put it simply, if the temperature is too high, the current is too large, and the magnetic field is too strong, the superconductor will lose its superconductivity.
However, there is no material in the superconductors prepared today that has high critical temperature, high critical current density and high critical magnetic field density at the same time, so the application of superconductors is not widespread.
But because of this, the research on superconductors is of great value.
If we can find the "three high" superconductors (high critical temperature, high critical magnetic field, and high critical current density), it will have broad application prospects.
Therefore, although related research is not the most popular, it has always been one of the important research directions in the field of condensed matter physics.
How to improve the critical current density and critical magnetic field density is currently the most cutting-edge research direction in the field of superconducting materials.
Therefore, in the next time, Xu Chuan needs to conduct complete tests on the high-temperature copper-carbon-silver composite superconducting material he prepared to determine all aspects of the parameters of this new material.
In addition, he also needs to industrialize this product as soon as possible.
After all, time waits for no one, and the controllable nuclear fusion project has begun. Compared with using other superconducting materials, such as copper oxide-based superconducting materials to create magnetic confinement devices, he is more willing and more familiar with using copper carbon developed by himself later.
Silver composite high temperature superconducting materials.
On the one hand, it is not only because of the familiarity with the properties of copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting materials; on the other hand, the magnetic field intensity that copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting materials can provide is much higher than that of ordinary superconducting materials.
The reason why large and strong particle collisions often occur over tens of kilometers is not only because the particles need to be accelerated to the extreme, but also because the superconductors that provide the magnetic field have limits.
For example, the European Atomic Energy Research Center's LHC collider uses magnets made of niobium titanium nbti superconducting material, which currently can only provide a magnetic field strength of 8.3 Tesla.
The performance in this area severely limits the energy level of collision. The current collision energy level limit of LHC is around 13 tev.
But if the magnetic field intensity can be doubled to 16t, then the collision energy level can be increased to the 100tev level on the scale of the LHC.
When the magnetic field intensity is doubled, the collision energy level can be increased nearly eight times.
This is the importance of the critical magnetic field of superconducting materials.
In controllable nuclear fusion, the importance of critical magnetic field strength becomes even more important.
A high critical magnetic field can provide higher magnetic binding force. It is impossible for Xu Chuan to build the reactor into a giant reactor with a diameter of more than ten kilometers in order to increase the binding force. That is not realistic.
Therefore, increasing the high critical magnetic field is his only option.
Currently, the superconductor material with the highest critical magnetic field is the magnesium diboron ultra-low-temperature superconductor material developed by Sakura Country, which can reach a magnetic field strength of 40 Tesla.
A magnetic field strength of 40 Tesla doesn't sound like an exaggeration, but in fact it is quite amazing.
Just do a simple comparison and you will know.
Take the refrigerator, a common household appliance, as an example. The magnet used in the refrigerator is only one hundredth of a Tesla, which is 0.01t.
In comparison, the value of 40t is exaggerated.
However, due to the fact that the material itself is difficult to shape and requires an extremely low critical temperature, this magnesium diboron low-temperature superconducting material cannot be widely used in instruments and equipment, and is currently only used in laboratory research.
Although conventional copper oxide superconductor materials can also provide magnetic field strengths almost close to 0t, they also have the shortcomings of magnesium diboron ultra-low-temperature superconductor materials.
As for copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting materials, the magnetic field strength of the materials he later developed was around 16t.
It is still unknown how many critical magnetic field strengths have been calculated and prepared using high-temperature superconducting mechanisms and mathematical models in this lifetime.
From a computational perspective, the solid magnetic field intensity of this new type of copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconductor should be able to reach above 0t.
How much it can achieve will only be known after passing the test.
In Fan Pengyue's office at Chuanhai Institute of Materials, Xu Chuan touched his face unnaturally, feeling like there was something on it.
Opposite him, his master Xiong Fan Pengyue was staring at him with an extremely strange look.
Being looked at was a little unbearable, Xu Chuan coughed, interrupted the weird atmosphere, and said: "I said, this is not the first time we have met, why are you staring at me like this? I don't have anything on my face.
flower."
Hearing this, Fan Pengyue said strangely: "Are you really a human being?"
Xu Chuan twitched the corner of his mouth and said: "It's not necessary. Although the results of 1k high-temperature superconducting materials are indeed amazing, it does not mean that it is impossible."
Hearing this, Fan Pengyue wanted to roar. He felt that his three views were being infinitely challenged.
"Yes, 1k high-temperature superconductivity is indeed not impossible!"
"But didn't you just take away the laboratory's superconducting material data from me half a month ago!"
"Don't tell me that you did materials research when you were studying mathematics at Princeton!"
"Be a human being!"
You must know that when he was studying tungsten diselenide two-dimensional materials with his tutor during his Ph.D., he worked hard for more than a year and failed to find the correct route to synthesize tungsten diselenide.
In less than half a month after this monster obtained the superconducting material data, it raised the TC critical temperature of the superconducting material from 43.
Records of materials.
To be honest, he wanted to cut open this monster's brain to see if there was a quantum computer inside.
Xu Chuan sighed and said: "Stop talking, there are still many things to be busy with later. Let's complete the test of this material first."
When chatting about business, Fan Pengyue also became serious. After thinking for a while, he said: "The testing of materials should not be a problem. Although we still lack equipment here to test some parameters, you can come forward and ask Nanda to borrow relevant equipment.
It’s definitely no problem.”
"You and Song Wenbo have completed preliminary tests last night. The 1k high-temperature superconductor, even if its performance is weaker in other aspects, this temperature is destined to have a wide range of application prospects."
"Judging from the ultra-low-temperature copper-carbon-silver superconducting materials that Song Wenbo studied before, the performance parameters of the material you studied should not be low."
As he spoke, he seemed to remember something, looked at Xu Chuan and asked: "If I guessed correctly, your material should have been studied using theory and mathematics with models, so you should have its relevant parameter properties in hand.
Prediction data, right?”
After a pause, he interrupted himself again, and continued: "No, there must be. Song Wenbo reported that you directly and accurately predicted its critical tc temperature yesterday, so there must be data on other critical currents and critical magnetic fields.
.”
Xu Chuan nodded and said: "Indeed, theoretically speaking, the critical magnetic field of this copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting material should be able to reach above 0t. As for the critical current, this needs to be judged based on the temperature and critical magnetic field.
.”
Hearing this, Fan Pengyue took a breath: "The critical magnetic field of 0t? Are you sure you calculated it correctly? This number is terrifying!"
Xu Chuan smiled and said: "It's okay. 0t is a conservative estimate. According to theory, if it is in a perfect state, its critical magnetic field can reach a maximum of 8.74t."
"Of course, this data should be impossible to achieve in reality."
Hearing this, Fan Pengyue couldn't help but swallowed a mouthful of air and said: "If this is the case, the value of this superconducting material will be great."
"Before, I was still thinking about how you plan to process this material in the future, whether to apply for a patent like the previous artificial EI film, or whether to build your own factory to produce and sell finished products."
"Now it seems that building our own factory to produce is the only way."
"For high-temperature superconducting materials of this level, if you want to apply for a patent, the higher-ups will probably discuss it with you."
"Although there are some differences between papers and patents and actual manufacturing and technology, they are of extremely high importance and even involve national development materials. I am afraid that the superiors will not easily agree to you publishing the paper, right?"
After a pause, he remembered something again, and then asked: "Can your material be made into a wire? What are its traditional mechanical and electrical properties?"
Xu Chuan thought for a while and said: "It should be possible to make it into a wire. The traditional mechanical and electrical properties are theoretically better than the copper oxide-based high-temperature superconducting material."
"But because of the crystal structure, it is still more biased towards ceramic solid state."
"If you want to apply it to power generation, transmission, energy storage, weak current and other fields on a large scale, it is still relatively difficult at present."
After a pause, he added: "Of course, I will study and optimize it again during this period to see if I can continue to improve its performance."
"In other words, let's see if we can change or dope some other materials to optimize its traditional physical properties without affecting or having a small impact."
p: There will be another chapter tonight. Please vote for me!