The ancestor nodded with satisfaction and said: "Yes, in fact, the transition from a matrilineal tribe to a patrilineal tribe is also a major turning point for humans to have selfishness and private property, because during the matrilineal period, people only knew their mothers but not their fathers.
Every male tribesman here may be his own
The mother only needs to raise her own child. The public resources of the entire tribe are used and are publicly owned. Therefore, children born in the tribe are equal and the same no matter who the father is.
Clan members, at this time, are unlikely to have selfish motives."
"But when the tribe became larger and larger and its ability to survive became stronger, everything began to change. First, because it had stronger hunting abilities and mastered the technology of making fire, tigers, wolves and ferocious beasts did not dare to approach easily.
The human tribes were catching more and more every time they hunted, so much that there was enough leftover prey that they didn’t need to eat right away, but could be kept until food was in short supply. Slowly, these captive livestock became cattle.
Livestock such as sheep, pigs, and horses became the public property of the tribe."
"With this process, physically strong men who can hunt or fight in conflicts between tribes have become more and more the core strength of the tribe, while women have become the core strength of the tribe because of their weak bodies and lack of strength.
Gradually, they withdrew from production and fighting activities and focused on auxiliary production such as childbirth, fruit picking and weaving. As a result, the status between men and women began to become unbalanced. Although it had always been
When it comes to major affairs of the country, the only sacrifices to the Rong are sacrifices to the Rong. This sacrifice refers to the sacrifices to ancestors and the fertility and upbringing of future generations. Women are mainly responsible for this sacrifice. But to be honest, this kind of sacrifice is half for men and women, and both are indispensable.
And Rong, that is, fighting and hunting, can basically only be done by men. Therefore, it is inevitable for military leaders to replace the old mothers who were highly respected and had many children as tribal leaders."
"The difference between the paternal line and the matrilineal line is that men in the patrilineal line are not responsible for the daily tasks of raising children, but by nature, men are not willing to share women, let alone sons, with other men. Therefore, within the big family of the tribe,
, and there is a monogamous or polygamous small family, and the man who takes on the combat mission, the stronger the fighting ability and the greater the credit, the higher his status will be, and he can have more female spouses.
, whether it is humans or monkeys in the animal kingdom, it is the same.”
The black robe smiled and said: "Ancestor, do you mean that the emergence of this kind of private ownership is determined by the number of livestock, wives and concubines, and that means there is tribal differentiation, division of labor, and hierarchy?"
The ancestor nodded: "Yes, distribution can only be discussed after there is a surplus. Only when there are extra things, the distribution will be unfair. If it was the previous great fair period, if there were not many things,
If everyone can't get enough food, there's no reason to complain, but as the tribe's overall strength increases, more and more external hunting is harvested, and the remaining products will also bring about various injustices.
People who appear, are more capable, produce more force, and capture more people will naturally become more status and powerful people in the tribe. They will also demand more resources. The tribesmen of the enemy tribe captured from foreign wars and conflicts become
Slaves, and the number of hunting beasts also reflects the amount of credit. These prey and slaves have become the surplus product, and it is impossible to divide them equally as before."
Doupeng sighed and said: "Yes, from a fair point of view, the results obtained by the amount of effort should not be exactly the same, otherwise the capable people will not have the motivation to put in more effort, and the incompetent people will not be motivated to put in more effort."
People will not get these rewards even if they work hard. This is determined by God and the ability.
The emergence of the king, therefore, there will never be absolute fairness in this world. If there are not capable and capable people who have learned better techniques from the ancestors of the gods and can exert greater functions, so what?
Maybe the people of the tribe can not only have enough food and clothing, but also have surplus products."
The ancestor nodded: "This kind of human heart and nature cannot be controlled by the gods and ancestors in the sky. It is something that is spontaneously realized by humans. The gods have taught some techniques to the descendants of humans on the earth.
, they used these technologies to create a better living environment, able to defeat all kinds of harsh environments and beasts and natural enemies, and became the strongest species in the world, but what followed was also the increase in strength.
, with the increase in ability, stronger abilities and more surplus products, the tribes in the public ownership system began to slowly disintegrate, forming small families with strong men as heads. When the small families replaced the big tribes,
Time also means that the human group has undergone fundamental changes. Patriarchy is supreme, people are divided into hierarchies, and blood inheritance has all come, and people's selfishness and greed have also begun to be uncontrollable."
Doupeng said in a deep voice: "I understand, ancestor, what you mean is that because the small family has replaced the big tribe, although the previous tribe still exists, it is also clearly divided into upper and lower, and the distinction between hierarchy and inferiority has become
The leader begins to have the greatest power, and the so-called greed and selfishness, to put it bluntly, greed is no longer about specific items, it is no longer about the difference between more sheep and more cows, but
It’s this desire for power.”
The ancestor smiled slightly and said: "Yes, Venerable Doupeng hit the mark. Human beings have divided from large tribes into small families. The most fundamental change lies in the emergence of power. The so-called power is actually the ability to manage others and drive others.
Skills, the earliest external conflicts of tribes, whether they were with rival tribes or those who captured wild beasts, these conflicts were collective actions by everyone, and they made efforts spontaneously and consciously. No one could direct others to rush towards the tiger.
But gradually, in order to achieve higher hunting efficiency and to enable people to perform their duties, the most powerful and strongest people were allowed to fight, and relatively weak people were allowed to contain or even lure the beasts into traps.
Well, so that weaker people can rush up and use nets and tools to subdue the beasts, then someone needs to direct and arrange these actions. These are the earliest and most primitive combat plans, that is, the art of war."
The black robe laughed: "The ancestor said it very well. This art of war is actually some of the skills and experience used by tribal military leaders in ancient times to command the tribesmen to hunt. To put it bluntly, it means who to go to and when to go.
Why, it is a kind of power to drive and manage people, and all human powers probably appeared from this time." (End of Chapter)