Chapter 129 One Whip Method and Examination Method
Chapter 129 One Whip Method and Examination Method
Author: An Jing l
Chapter 129 One Whip Method and Examination Method
[Zhang Juzheng may not be as great as Yu Qian, but Zhang Juzheng's role is indeed greater than Yu Qian's. 】
[As a famous official of his generation, Zhang Juzheng was also an apprentice of Yangming’s theory and was greatly influenced by Wang’s theory.
During Zhang Juzheng’s ten years in office,
Employ officials according to the rules, eliminate the current ones, focus on practical results, carry out reforms through the years, eliminate the long-standing abuses in the officialdom, reform the tax law, and implement the examination system, which made the Ming Dynasty appear to be rejuvenated. It can be said that it greatly delayed the decline of the Ming Dynasty. It has made great contributions to the country.
.
In particular, the "one whip law" he implemented was a great initiative and had a huge impact on the evolution of tax laws in later generations.]
[But at the same time, Zhang Juzheng monopolized power, formed an alliance with Feng Bao internally, and appointed private individuals externally. He was arrogant and extravagant.
Coupled with the love-stealing drama, it offended a large number of Qingliu officials.
When Zhang Juzheng was alive, many officials were dissatisfied with him. After his death, with the support of Emperor Wanli, hundreds of officials rose up to attack him. Eventually, his reputation was ruined, and his family was even affected.]
[Zhang Juzheng has both merits and demerits, let’s take a look at his merits first.]
[When talking about Zhang Juzheng's achievements, the most important thing is definitely the reform plan he implemented, which is known as "Zhang Juzheng Reform" in the world. We all know that finance is the lifeblood of a country, but since the founding of the Ming Dynasty, finance has been troubled by the Ming Dynasty.
One of the problems.]
Seeing this sentence, Lao Zhu couldn't help but twitch the corners of his mouth, and muttered in a low voice: "You blame me?"
Zhu Di agreed with this sentence very much, so this strengthened his determination to conquer the Japanese country eastward and open up maritime trade routes.
Zhu Youjian looked at the light screen bitterly and thought: "When I took over Ming Dynasty, it was a mess."
[Due to the suppression of business and the ban on sea, the finances of the Ming Dynasty have been in recession.
Especially during the Wanli period, with the serious land crisis, the court's financial crisis became increasingly serious, foreign enemies pressed on the territory, and civil strife continued. It was really a "critical autumn", but the Ming court had no ability to solve this problem.
Until Zhang Juzheng became the first assistant, he was faced with difficult times and summed up the five major shortcomings at that time:
"It's said that the royal family is arrogant, it's said that the common officials are arrogant, it's said that the officials are governed according to the rules, it's said that the border is maintained and repaired, it's said that there's a huge shortage of money."
At the same time, he also carried out comprehensive reforms to address these issues.】
"It's said that the royal family is arrogant, it's said that the officials are arrogant, it's said that the officials are governed according to the rules, it's said that the border is maintained and repaired, it's said that there's a shortage of money!" Liu Che read the subtitles in the video, and then sighed: "Are these not what we are facing?
The problem?"
"The summary makes a lot of sense! I will write it down after I go back, as a warning to my descendants in the Song Dynasty." Zhao Kuangyin silently wrote down the contents of these five major abuses.
[In politics, Zhang Juzheng followed the policy of "respecting sovereignty, lecturing officials, implementing rewards and punishments, giving orders, strengthening public offices, and eliminating private households", focusing on rectifying official administration, and creatively proposed the "examination method", that is, strictly inspecting officials
Their work requires officials to report their work status to the cabinet on a regular basis, which effectively improves the real power of the cabinet and further strengthens centralization of power.
This allowed them to rectify old officials while also selecting and appointing officials who supported the reform, thus making organizational preparations for the implementation of the new law.
This reform not only eliminated the pedantic and stubborn forces in the government and the opposition to a certain extent, but also injected the new force of radical reform, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone. However, it also cultivated the power of one's own party members in disguise, forming a kind of clique.
situation.]
[He checked the fields hidden by landlords, implemented a whip law, changed the tax system, and improved the financial situation of the Ming Dynasty government; he used famous generals such as Qi Jiguang and Li Chengliang to train troops, strengthened the northern border defense, and organized the defense of border towns; he used Pan Jixun to preside over dredging
In the treatment of Huanghuai, these have achieved certain results.]
[The main content of the "One Whip Law" is to summarize the land taxes, corvees, and other miscellaneous items in various states and counties into one article, collect silver tael in a consolidated manner, and pay it per mu.
This not only greatly simplifies the tax system and facilitates tax collection, but also makes it difficult for local officials to cheat, thereby increasing fiscal revenue.
This may seem a little hard to understand, but to put it simply, whether you are farming, harvesting grain or fishing to support your family, you can use your harvest in exchange for silver to pay taxes, and the state only collects taxes converted into silver.】
[This major measure effectively improved the country's financial situation, not only reduced the people's tax burden, increased their enthusiasm for production, maintained social stability, but also promoted the development of the Ming Dynasty's commodity economy and promoted the emergence of capitalism.
develop.
More importantly, it also promoted the development of the country's military and laid an economic foundation for the elimination of "Southern Japanese and Northern Bandits". In addition, the "One Whip Law" was a major progress in the history of China's tax system since the "Two Tax System" in the Tang Dynasty.
It has great reference significance for the construction of tax systems in later generations.】
"Better than the 'two-tax system' of the Tang Dynasty?! Although I don't know what the two-tax system is, it seems that I was eventually outperformed by Lao Zhu's descendants!" Li Shimin felt as if he was being outclassed.
, I felt a little unhappy.
Ying Zheng is a political expert. When he saw the content of this "one whip method", his eyes suddenly lit up. He couldn't help but clapped his hands and praised: "Seconds! You must remember this method, and let those people know it when they get back."
Let’s discuss this with the ministers to see if it applies to our world too!”
Yang Guangze declared domineeringly: "It's a good idea, I adopted it!"
Liu Bang, Liu Che, and Liu Xiu also all praised: "This method not only simplifies the method of paying taxes, but also reduces the means of corruption and cheating to a certain extent. We must use it when we go back!"
[Zhang Juzheng promoted the examination method.
The content of the examination method is roughly as follows: at the beginning of each year, use accounting method to list the work that officials at all levels need to complete each year, copy it into a book, make two copies, one each for yourself and the court, review at the end of the year, and complete
A reward for doing well, a penalty for not completing.
The emergence of the examination method has caused officials to change their past style and start to work conscientiously and hard in order to pass the examination at the end of the year. As a result, work efficiency has been greatly improved.
Of course, the implementation of the Entrance Examination Law also relies on Zhang Juzheng's strict implementation. In fact, no matter how good the system is, if it is not implemented in practice, it will be nothing more than empty talk.
Thanks to the hard work of Zhang Juzheng and officials, the living standards of the people of the Wanli Dynasty have been improved for a long time.
It can also be said that it was Zhang Juzheng’s arduous efforts that created the “Wanli ZTE” situation.]
"The method of passing the examination seems to be good!" Zhu Yuanzhang was thinking about how to reduce corruption and improve the work efficiency of officials. As soon as the method of passing the examination came out, wasn't it just a pillow for those who were sleepy? "Yes, this one is a bit upright.
idea!"
Not only Zhu Yuanzhang, but also the emperors before the Wanli Dynasty began to evaluate this "passing examination method."
They discovered that not only the "one whip method", but also the "examination method" seemed to apply to their own political power.
"This Juzheng is truly a genius!"
"What an amazing reform!"
"With these two methods, I am confident that we can create an unprecedentedly prosperous dynasty!"