"However, the poet's words are full of resentment and anger. Although they support the enlightenment of monarchs and ministers, they cannot be coherent and consistent." [Preface to Fan Chuan's Collected Works]
Shang Shulang Fu Xun looked at Zheng Xuan nervously, and then secretly glanced at the emperor. He didn't think the emperor would do anything to Zheng Xuan because of these words. He was just nervously waiting for how the emperor would deal with Zheng Xuan.
if.
Because what the emperor is about to say is likely to become a new trend in the court.
"Confucius once said: 'Reciting three hundred poems and teaching them how to govern is not enough; when they are sent to all directions, they cannot be specific. Even though there are many, it is also a joke?'" From the beginning, the emperor had the power to regain the highest interpretation of ideology.
Therefore, he studied the classics painstakingly when he was in power, and under the guidance of the great scholars Zhao Qi, Huan Dian and others around him, although his understanding of the great meanings of the classics is still a little mature, at least he can at least be able to sit down and discuss Taoism with others.
Pick up some sentences at your fingertips.
This sentence is both a retelling and a question.
As a descendant of Confucius, the Confucian classics can be said to be the family tradition of the Confucian family. Yilang Kong Rong was the most familiar with it. At first glance, he understood the emperor's meaning, which was to apply what he had learned. Otherwise, even if a person memorized three hundred poems,
Even if he were to become an official, he would not be able to achieve good results.
The emperor has always respected the concept of applying what he has learned, and both Xun You and Fu Xun knew this. But it was the first time that Kong Rong knew that the emperor had such an intention behind the establishment of the five subjects of Taixue.
He was secretly surprised, but he didn't think that this was the reason why the emperor opened the five subjects of Taixue and squeezed the orthodoxy of Confucian classics, so he couldn't help but interjected: ""Poetry" can test the rise and fall of a place's customs and know the gains and losses of governance, such as
The way to talk about farming and enriching the people lies in "Bin Feng"; to welcome princes and ministers, lies in "Da Ya". I think that there was a "Book of Songs" in the Zhou Dynasty, and today there is a Yuefu, it must be for this purpose. I often practice reciting it, although I can't necessarily understand it.
Political affairs, but also able to deal with chaos."
The meaning of Confucius's words was very straightforward, and there was no subtle meaning at all. Kong Rong's explanation was completely forced to attract people's attention. To a certain extent, it actually violated the original meaning of this sentence. The emperor glanced at Kong Rong casually.
, he knew that Kong Rong was good at diction and quite arrogant, but his knowledge could not support the corresponding arrogance. Thinking of Kong Rong's questioning of children's filial piety to their parents in history, the emperor secretly shook his head.
The emperor just glanced at him without any expression, which disappointed Kong Rong, who had prepared some words to show his talent. He came to Chang'an from Beihai Kingdom not only to get rid of the dangerous place in Qingzhou, but also to see the future.
When the emperor comes to power tomorrow, he hopes to flex his muscles in the court. Now the emperor seems not to take him seriously, which makes Kong Rong, who has always been proud, feel disappointed and can't help but feel competitive in his heart.
Zheng Xuan raised his eyebrows. Knowing that the emperor was waiting for his answer, he asked calmly: "May I ask your majesty, where does "Poetry" come from?"
The emperor said without hesitation: "From the people."
Zheng Xuan nodded, as if the teacher was satisfied with the student's answer. Of course, regardless of their identities, the age between the two really seemed like a question between master and disciple: "Then why did Confucius,
Do you want to compile and collect them?”
The emperor obviously considered this question carefully. After all, he could not deny the status of "Poetry" and replied slowly: "It is for the benefit of the country."
"If you don't learn poetry, you won't be able to speak." Zheng Xuan then said: "Therefore, those who often recite and practice it must be able to understand politics and be able to speak. It's just that this understanding means understanding things. And if you want to make people understand government affairs, it will take time.
During the tenure of office, for example, Kong Beihai said that "Poems" can tell the gains and losses of governance. Herders officials can become officials without knowing "Poems", but those who become officials must know the meaning of "Poems"."
Zheng Xuan's words somewhat related to the connection of theory with practice. The emperor was deeply surprised and said with a dry smile: "This is the truth. I have always adhered to the principle of 'applying what I have learned'. How many people in the world are poor and knowledgeable? However, they can all be engaged in politics.
Do you think so? I don’t think so. Those who govern the people should learn the art of governing the people, those who enforce the law should be familiar with laws and regulations, and those who govern books should study the classics. This is how each can achieve his or her own goal. If they are lumped into one theory, wouldn’t it be incompatible?"
This is an era when the classics are gradually declining. In a few decades, Cao Pi will replace the Han Dynasty, which will have an impact on the 400-year-old theory of heaven-human induction. In more than a hundred years, the land of China will be ravaged by the iron cavalry of foreign aliens.
Hell on earth is everywhere. When traditional Confucian classics could not come up with useful solutions to solve the dilemma, Buddhism, Taoism, and metaphysics emerged one after another, squeezing the living space of Confucianism.
It is precisely because of the decline in the status of Confucianism that in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Ming Jing, Ming Lv and other subjects could be carried out side by side in the imperial examinations. However, the emperor is now in a period when Confucianism is in decline and is dead, but Confucianism still dominates the mainstream of social ideology.
, has not experienced those shocks in history. Now that he wants to carry out five subjects simultaneously, he encounters greater resistance than during the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
However, he had to do it no matter how strong the resistance was. After all, this was something that would benefit future generations for thousands of years. Immediately afterwards, the emperor and Zheng Xuan started a debate on whether Taixue should open specialized teaching and pay equal attention to Ming Jing. Zheng Xuanbo
Wen Qiangji is indeed the master of ancient and modern Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty and the founder of "Zheng Xue". He can always put forward his own opinions from the Five Classics. Even though the emperor had profound experience from later generations, he was at a disadvantage for a while and struggled to hold on.
Make your own argument.
The two argued for half an hour. Not only Kong Rong but Fu Xun, but also Xun You looked surprised. He knew that although the emperor had a reputation for being eloquent, others would not dare to argue with him unless he used power to suppress others.
In addition to the reasons, there are also some unexpected ideas and angles, which can easily catch the other party off guard at the beginning. But if the discussion goes deeper and involves specific cited arguments, it is impossible to be like Zheng Xuan.
The great Confucian's opponent would have to be the emperor who threw away the shackles of Confucianism and created a school of his own.
The situation was indeed as Xun You expected. Although the emperor's views were exquisite, they lacked sufficient classical theory to support them. It was only a matter of time before he was defended by Zheng Xuan. However, the emperor was able to argue in front of Zheng Xuan for so long, which really made Xun You
Very surprised.
If today's incident were to spread, I don't know how big of a reaction it would cause.
"Zheng Jun's profound knowledge is really admirable." Although he stayed in Shiqu Pavilion for a year, the emperor still read too few books, and most of them were swallowed up without reaching the level of proficiency. Fortunately, he privately thought that he was
With these alone, I can look like a Confucian scholar of this era. I didn't expect that in front of a real Confucian who dared to express his views in front of the emperor, I would be more than a naive...
The emperor folded his hands and bowed solemnly to Zheng Xuan.
Zheng Xuan quickly returned the gift and said with emotion: "In a few years, your Majesty will be able to serve as a teacher."
"Listening to your words is worth ten years of reading." The emperor said calmly. Through his discussion with Zheng Xuan just now, he understood that his ruling thought, whether it is Confucianism and law, or Confucianism and law, should be based on Confucianism, not Confucianism.
One should give up one thing and the other, just like the officials of later generations, no matter how good their political achievements are, they cannot be separated from the word "ism": "Tai Xue still pays equal attention to the five subjects, but the other four subjects must be familiar with the undergraduate studies and at least be proficient in one classic.
.This is in line with what Zheng Jun Shicai said: 'Herdsmen officials can become officials without knowing the "Poetry", but those who become officials must know the meaning of the "Poetry"."