In fact, from a global perspective, it is not just the hell in Russia that is boiling over. The hell in England, France, Prussia, and Austria may as well give in, and they are even more resentful than Russia.
In these countries with more developed capital, industrialization has made wealth more polarized and made the living environment of the poor worse. This has led to more resentment in these countries, and compared with ignorant serfs, workers, especially those skilled workers, have more advanced ideas.
, the consciousness of struggle is also stronger, as long as a spark can detonate them!
It was the end of December 1847. It was close to Christmas and there should be a sea of joy. But this winter, for the common people in Europe, joy was so far away. This winter was extremely cold and harsh.
Beginning in 1843, agriculture was in a very sluggish state, and potatoes, the staple food of humble civilians, suffered widespread harvest failures in several countries.
For example, in Ireland, which was colonized by the British, farmers almost lost their harvest due to the late potato blight. However, the British rulers turned a blind eye to the disaster and did not care about the lives of the Irish.
When the disaster broke out, when other European countries took pity on the Irish and raised funds for charity, what did the great Queen Victoria say? This queen categorically believed that there was no humanitarian disaster in Ireland, and that there was no need to help the lazy Irish people.
Fundraising.
When the disaster lasted from 1845 to 1847, when millions of people in Ireland had starved to death, and another million people left their homes and fled to North America, the Queen reluctantly admitted that she could do some charity.
But donating doesn’t have to be too much.
So under the Queen's personal example, the British Empire raised a huge sum of 1500 pounds for disaster relief for the untouchables in Ireland.
Surprised or not? Unexpected?
This little money was not enough to give the Irish people water, but the British felt that they were being too merciful. They even said that potatoes were the "most unreliable" and "worst food" and were the product of the devil.
They say that eating potatoes for a long time will only bring you closer to hell, which will naturally make God angry and punish you. The Irish lazy people who eat the devil's food are completely to blame for themselves and are completely unworthy of sympathy.
This is probably the British version of why not eat mincemeat. It makes it seem as if the Irish are all idiots who would rather eat the tastier bread than eat the lousy mashed potatoes, so they deserve to starve to death.
The question is, is this true? The 8.5 million Irish in 1843 only occupied 5% of the land in Ireland. The other Irish land was in the hands of British landowners. It was impossible to feed more than 95% of the population with a pitiful 5% of the land.
What to eat with potatoes?
What's more, Irish people are not allowed to have hired two apprentices, are not allowed to study abroad, are not allowed to apply for degrees and scholarships at universities, are not allowed to hold public office, are jurors, lawyers and teachers, are not allowed to attend parliament, and have no right to vote.
Purchase of land and even personal property are restricted!
For example, Irish people are not allowed to own horses worth more than five pounds! They are also not allowed to export goods to foreign countries. And in order to ensure that industrialized Britain has sufficient food supplies, the barley, wheat, and oats produced in all Irish lands must be sold only to
British mainland.
To put it bluntly, Ireland is the logistics support center of the United Kingdom. Everything produced in Ireland serves the United Kingdom. As for the Irish, who cares what they eat!
The Irish may be the worst in Europe, because they are too far away from heaven and too close to England. But the winter of 1847 was not just the Irish who found it difficult. They were in Sicily, Italy, Paris, France, Prussia, and
In the Netherlands and Austria, the people's resentment has reached its peak!
They don't have enough to eat or wear, they work endlessly long hours, and the working environment is infinitely harsh. They are constantly squeezed until the last bit of value is gone.
Sicily, city of Palermo.
This is a beautiful seaport city, close to the Tyrrhenian Sea. The climate here is warm and suitable for agriculture, and it is rich in citrus, olives and lemons. People living in this city are accustomed to a Mediterranean-style leisurely life and rely on the weather to feed themselves.
.
But this does not mean that all Sicilians have a pasta personality. They are not soft, but rather firm. After the demise of the Western Roman Empire, Italy was just a geographical concept. The entire country was torn apart. Austrians, French
People, the British, and any other major power have to get involved here, and they are no better than the partitioned Poland.
However, with the spread of Enlightenment ideas and the awakening of Italy's national character, more and more Italians are no longer satisfied with the status quo. They strongly demand to change the fragmented status quo, achieve the unification of the country and the nation, and unify foreign interveners.
Get away!
Sicily was also deeply influenced by it. Liberal ideas were widely spread here, and both the peasants and craftsmen and the bourgeoisie were extremely dissatisfied with their political status, especially with the dictatorship and secret police of Ferdinand II.
In fact, as early as 1837, a revolutionary movement demanding a constitution broke out in Sicily. However, it was suppressed by Ferdinando II. Then ten years later, in the cruel winter of 1847, the dissatisfaction of the Sicilians reached
The pinnacle!
"We must take action! The actions of Reggio Calabria and Messina are our examples! Ferdinando II is not as strong as imagined, and the government is full of our sympathizers!"
"As soon as someone fires the first shot in Palermo, then angry people will take to the streets and tell Ferdinando II to get out!"
"At that time, our constitution and our freedoms were all available!"
"Guys! What are you waiting for? It's now!"
Various rumors and conspiracies were brewing in the beautiful city of Palermo. Ferdinando II probably could not have imagined that the revolution that broke out in his capital would soon sweep across Europe, and almost established a subversive society.
A new world of sex.
At this time, the king was still troubled by the proliferation of liberals. He was annoyed by all the "heresies" spread from the neighboring island of Sardinia. He had no idea what the second son of the Cavour family was.
What kind of trouble do you want to make?
Aren't you a noble, don't you enjoy those extensive privileges, are you not satisfied with your natural status?
Why do you insist on promoting those devilish theories? Well, even if you like to engage in nonsense, please just stay in your own country and go to torment the Kingdom of Sardinia and disgust Carlo Alberto!
If Cavour appeared in front of Ferdinando II, the good-tempered king would not hesitate to order the arrest of this devil in his eyes. Unfortunately, he was beyond his reach. At this time, Cavour was receiving some mysterious
Foreign friends, talk about some things that can shock Europe...