In the 24th year of Chongzhen (1651), it was a cold and windy autumn. The grasslands in the northern border of the Western Regions had turned yellow. The herdsmen drove their cattle and sheep hard to move to the south where the water and grass were abundant.
To the south of the Pamir Plateau and at the northern foot of the Kunlun Mountains, the largest Yarkand Oasis in the Western Region is like a pearl embedded in the vast Gobi. The world-famous Yarkand City was built here. This city is located at the hub of the ancient Silk Road
, named after the Shache Kingdom, one of the thirty-six kingdoms in the Western Regions during the Han Dynasty.
The vast Taklimakan Desert, the clear Yarkand River, the vibrant oases, the leisurely herdsmen, the cattle and sheep all over the mountains, and the war.
Yes, war!
Two armies are confronting each other on the oasis.
The soldiers on both sides all have deep eyes, high noses, and long beards. They are obviously neither Mongolians nor Kazakhs, but the Uighurs (called "Maanghui" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties).
One side wears a white hat, and the other side wears a black hat. They have similar clothes, similar equipment, a common language, and even the commanders of both sides look as if they were carved from the same mold, because they are father and son.<
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Father and son kill each other for no other reason than faith.
The army commander of the side wearing the black hat is Yarkand Khan King Abdullah, and the army commander of the side wearing the white hat is Abdullah's biological son, Prince Yulebars.
Abdullah Khan was the ninth monarch of the Yarkand Khanate and the "Lord of the Restoration" of the Khanate. In the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), he led a large army into Yarkand City, ending the 30-year split.
The long-standing Khanate was reunified; in the 15th year of Chongzhen (1642), he led his army to defeat the Jiligis (a nation in the upper reaches of the Yenisei River, the Jiagasi in the Tang Dynasty).
Under the rule of Abdullah Khan, the Yarkand Khanate gradually became stronger, which aroused the vigilance of the Oirat Mongols. Gushi Khan, the leader of the Oirat Mongols, beat the Yarkand Khanate many times.
After Gushi Khan conquered Qinghai and Tibet, he moved the main force of the Heshuote tribe and more than half of the tribe to Qinghai and Tibet, leaving only a small number of tribes led by his nephew Eqirtu to stay behind. The current overlord of the Western Region is the Junggar tribe of the Oirat Mongolia. Hutaiji Batur of the Jungar tribe was a famous warrior in the Oirat Mongolia and the right-hand man of Gushi Khan. He took a fancy to the big fat body of the Yeerqiang Khanate and wanted to expand his power from the north of the Tianshan Mountains to
South of Tianshan.
However, the Yerqiang Khanate was not weak, and a direct attack would be too laborious, so Batur and Gushi Khan's nephew Eqirtu worked together to win over the Baishan faction of the Yerqiang Khanate to support Abdullah Khan's son You.
Le Bars versus Abdullah Khan.
The bloody fighting was about to begin. Suddenly, Abdullah Khan mounted his war horse and came to the front of the White Hat Army. He shouted loudly: "Ulibars, Balam (my son); Ulibars,
Balam(my son)??”
At this moment, only one sharp arrow can end the life of the great Khan, but no one dares to shoot an arrow.
Finally, a young man in his twenties rode out on horseback. His outline and eyes looked like that of Abdullah Khan, "Father Khan, I am here!"
"By God, Ulibas, do you really want to go to war with your father? Take off your hat and come to your father's side!"
Ulebals glanced at the master standing in front of the formation: Mohammed Yusuf of the Baishan Sect, and his eyes became firm, "No, Father Khan, I will never give up this white hat." p>
Abdullah Khan was furious, "Then kill your father Khan now and let the Uighurs kill each other and make rivers of blood flow! Come on! Do it quickly!"
Looking at his furious father, Prince Urebals' momentum froze, "No, Father, I insist on my beliefs, but I have no intention to be your enemy!"
After saying that, Ulebars took his white hats and retreated to Hami City. King Hami is the in-law of Ulebars’ master Muhammad Yusuf, and Hami City is also the headquarters of the Baishan Sect. p>
The war did not break out in the end, and the lives of the people were saved from destruction.
"Bowa (Grandpa), Abdullah Khan persuaded Prince Ulibals to leave. There is no need to fight. We can continue to travel south to find a place with rich water and grass to spend the winter!"
A young herdsman came excitedly to an old herdsman with a white beard. There were about thirty people in this migrating team.
The old herdsman was so excited that his eyes filled with tears. He led his tribe members to find a dry place and began to pray.
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"Huiyu, Yeer, refers to the land; Qiang, means broad. The land is broad, hence the name" ("Tongwenzhi of the Western Regions").
In the long history, the Yeerqiang Khanate appeared briefly and left countless stories for future generations to legend.
At that time, Chagatai, the second son of Genghis Khan, established the Chagatai Khanate (one of the four major Mongolian khanates), which later split into the Eastern Chagatai Khanate and the Western Chagatai Khanate (later the Timurid Empire); and later
, the Eastern Chagatai Khanate continued to split into: the Turpan Khanate in the east, and the Eastern Chagatai Khanate in the west; later, Said, the third brother of Mansur Khan of the Turpan Khanate, captured the Eastern Chagatai Khanate.
The Yeerqiang Khanate was established; finally, the Yeerqiang Khanate conquered the Turpan Khanate and unified the southern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains.
The capital of the Yarkand Khanate was Yarkand. At its peak, its territory included Turpan, Hami, and the Tarim Basin. It bordered Jiayuguan in the east; Tibet in the south; Kashmir in the southwest; Uzbek Bukhara Khanate in the west; and Junggar in the north.
Neighbor.
The dispute between the White Mountain sect and the Black Mountain sect originated from one person: Mahatoum Azamu Hezhuo (Hezhuo means "holy descendant", and Mahatoum claimed to be a descendant of Muhammad).
At that time, Mahatumu took his eldest son Yishan Kalang and his seventh son Ishaqbek from Medina across the Green Mountains and moved east to Kashgar. Mahatum Azam claimed to be a descendant of Muhammad.
It aroused fanatical worship among believers.
After Mahatumu's death, the eldest son Yishan Kalang founded the White Mountain Sect, and the seventh son Ishaqbek founded the Black Mountain Sect.
In fact, the two major sects do not have much difference in doctrine. The only difference between the two is the difference in etiquette and form. The Baishan sect wears white hats and silently recites scriptures during worship, which is called "
"Silent Chanting School"; while the Black Mountain School wears black hats and reads aloud when chanting sutras, which is called the "Loud Reading School".
Such a small difference, but it involves a power struggle, and eventually develops into a life-and-death battle. It is so ruthless, and the winning side crazily suppresses the other side, "repeatedly ostracizing, wishing to slaughter them all", in the name of eradicating heretics.
In fact, in order to compete for and consolidate one's own ruling power, they will do anything they can.
This time, the believers of the two sects did not fight. But the rift had been planted and could never be repaired. Historically, twenty-seven years later, Apak, the leader of the "White Mountain Sect", led Hutai Jigeldan of the Junggar tribe into Kashgar
Gar, eventually leading to the demise of the Yarkand Khanate.
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In Lhasa, Gushi Khan received the reward from the Qing court and ordered troops from all tribes to gather in Tibet to prepare for the eastern expedition against the Jiarong Eight Tribes.
"Great Khan, the Yarkand Khanate's Yulibars sent an envoy to request you to send troops to deal with the Montenegrin faction." Suonan Raodan came to report.
"What do you think?"
"I think that the White Mountain Faction has always been obedient to you, and King Hami has even professed his vassalage to you; but the Black Mountain Faction refuses to obey your orders, so we should take the opportunity to send troops to attack and destroy it, and expand the territory of me and the Shuote Khanate." p>
The Baishan sect and the Gelug sect have always had a good relationship. Gushi Khan did have an interest in the Yarkand Khanate before. But this time, the other time.
He nodded and shook his head. "Although it is a good opportunity, it is a pity that it is to help others grow crops! You can't do this!"
This other person refers to Huetaiji Batur of the Junggar tribe, the second largest force in the Oirat Mongolia. After Gushi Khan moved most of his tribe to Qinghai-Tibet, he had already tried his best to consolidate the newly occupied territory and was temporarily unable to do so.
Expansion of the Western Region. At this time, the Yarkand Khanate who attacked the Western Region benefited most not from the Heshuote tribe, but from the Junggar tribe. Therefore, Gushi Khan was unwilling to help others grow crops.
"Suonan Raodan, tell the Baishan Sect that this Khan is going to conquer the Jiarong people in the East and is temporarily unable to help them. Let them wait for a good opportunity and move at the right time."
Gushi Khan guarded the Junggar tribe. It was not that the Junggar tribe was disloyal to him. On the contrary, Batur Hutaiji of the Junggar tribe was loyal to him. He listened to his orders many times and attacked the unfaithful. However, as a great leader
As a politician, Gushi Khan did not act based on emotion, but based on interests. As the leader of the Oirat Mongolia, the Heshuote tribe would never allow the second largest tribe in the alliance to surpass itself in strength.
"Suonan Raodan, you should immediately pass on this Khan's order to the Junggar, Durbot, Torgut, and Huite tribes, Hutaiji, and ask them to lead troops into Tibet and join this Khan in the crusade against the Jiarong people.