As the famous Death God primary school student, Conan's reputation in later generations is known to everyone.
Regardless of the plot alone, the popularity of the word "Conan" is even greater than that of Naruto and One Piece.
Naturally, there is only one star that can be described by Xu Yun as "Conan Star".
That's Pluto.
This is also a mysterious star that is highly controversial and topical.
The astronomical community's initial understanding of Pluto was the series of minor problems displayed by Uranus mentioned earlier.
Therefore, some astronomers believe that there is another planet in the outer orbit of Uranus, exerting gravitational pull on it through a long distance.
So since the beginning of the 20th century, astronomers have been trying to observe the possible planet.
This observation process lasted for more than 20 years, and the planet was named "Planet X".
The first person to take photos of Pluto was Percival Lowell.
He was a wealthy Bostonian who established the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona in 1894 to try to find the mysterious 'Planet X'.
Lowell actually took two images of Pluto on March 19 and April 7, 1915. In one of them, Pluto was even in the center of the image.
But unfortunately, he did not recognize that this was Pluto.
It was not until 1929 that another young man named Clyde Tombaugh officially discovered Pluto.
However, the person who came up with the term Pluto was not Clyde Towne, but an 11-year-old British girl named Venetia Birney.
This little girl has been interested in classical mythology since she was a child, so she suggested naming the planet after Pluto, the god in charge of the underworld, so the Chinese name of the planet was "Pluto".
And this little girl also relied on this incident to permanently leave a black and white makeup photo of herself in the annals of history. (If you are interested, you can search for the photo on Baidu)
But as one of the most controversial planets in the past century, Pluto's story is far from over.
It can even be said that its discovery is just a prologue.
Friends who were born before 1995 may remember this:
Twenty years ago, I suddenly saw a piece of news one day, saying that the nine major planets in the solar system suddenly became eight, and Pluto was removed from the list.
Friends with better memories may still remember that this unlucky guy was classified as a dwarf planet.
This incident actually happened in 2006, when an International Astronomical Union Congress was held in Prague, Czech Republic.
At the meeting, astronomers from all over the world voted to adopt a new planet definition and officially decided to downgrade Pluto.
There are seven reasons why Pluto was downgraded, such as its inclination, companion star Charon, etc.
But considering that some of them are complicated, only one of the very key factors is mentioned here:
Because of the Kuiper Belt Objects or, to put it more bluntly, because of the many discoveries made by the ‘Pluto Killer’ Mike Brown.
Kuiper Belt.
People who have read science fiction novels, such as Bomb Ren’s book friends, should be familiar with this term.
Actually.
The Kuiper Belt is a region rich in icy small objects at the edge of the solar system. More than 1,000 Kuiper Belt objects have been discovered so far.
It is estimated that there are more than 100,000 small objects with a diameter of more than 100 kilometers in the Kuiper Belt. Its extent and total amount of material are much larger than the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. (DOI: 10.1126/color.
aaw9771, from Nature magazine, very interesting)
Mike Brown is an astronomer who is obsessed with Kuiper Belt Objects. Since 2001, this guy has been leading a team to tirelessly search for new large Kuiper Belt Objects, and has discovered 37 so far.
The most famous of them are Sedna, discovered in 2003, and Sedna, discovered in 2005
Eris.
And Eris is the murderer who gave Pluto a critical blow.
Eris is slightly smaller than Pluto, with a diameter of about a hundred kilometers smaller. For stars, the difference is almost the same.
But its mass is 1.27 times that of Pluto.
That is, A is 170cm tall and B is 169cm tall, but A is 100kg and B is 127kg.
It is obvious to the naked eye who has the greater impact.
As a result, the opposition in the astronomical community became even louder at that time:
If Pluto is the ninth planet, then the newly discovered Eris can be called the "tenth planet" in turn?
Can’t the other stars in the Kuiper Belt be called “the eleventh planet and the twelfth planet” and then go on ad infinitum?
And then.
Maybe when some online writers introduce the Kuiper Belt, they will keep writing by replacing numbers, thereby achieving the achievement of 30,000 updates per day?
That's so cool, bah, that's so shameless.
So this is obviously unreasonable.
In addition, Pluto itself has a not much smaller satellite Charon, also known as Charon, which forms a very special star model between them.
So in 2006.
The Astronomical Congress finally came up with a new definition of planet:
Among the spheres revolving around the sun, only those stars that can "clear away the celestial bodies in nearby orbits" by their own gravity can be qualified to be called "planets."
Pluto is a big family of brothers and sisters. Sorry, it can only be called a "dwarf planet".
Pluto has been severely weakened in a wave of version updates, and there is no possibility of it being strengthened until now.
I guess we can only wait until the Hero of Universe Destruction is reworked before it has any chance of reappearing.
In 2010.
Mike Brown also published a best-selling book based on this experience called "How I Killed Pluto"
What's even more heart-wrenching is...
Currently, Mike Brown is still lobbying hard, hoping that the next time a spacecraft plans to pass by Pluto, this book will be sent to him.
Of course.
Since we are talking about Pluto, here is a little science knowledge.
That is, in the current solar system, there may actually be an undiscovered ‘ninth planet’ that truly meets the standards of a planet.
This is not some flat-earth theory.
It is a very, very controversial topic on the front end of the astronomical community.
The source of all evil in this topic is still Mike Brown's children's shoes, the Sedna he discovered in 2003.
Sedna's orbit is extremely elliptical and is very far from the sun. Even at perihelion, it is far greater than the distance from Pluto to the sun.
All astronomers at the time thought Sedna was an anomaly.
But in 2012.
Trujillo in Mike Brown's team discovered 2012 VP113 with a diameter of about 500 kilometers and an equally strange orbit.
The orbits of Sedna and 2012 VP113 tend to converge near perihelion. This result was published in Nature magazine in 2014. (d/10.1038/nature13156)
This discovery raises a chilling possibility:
These two celestial bodies may have been affected by some kind of "pull" at the same time.
Then came 2016.
Brown's team analyzed the orbital color DNA of six large trans-Neptune objects in one go, 2004 VN112, 2007 TG422, 2010 GB174, 2012 VP113, 2013 RFS98...
and then found
These six large celestial bodies are not completely "flying around":
They still have a tendency to gather near perihelion, so it is unlikely to be a coincidence.
All Brown them guessing.
In the Oort Cloud area, there may be a previously undiscovered giant planet whose gravity affects the orbits of these celestial bodies from afar.
It has about 10 Earth masses, an average distance of about 20 times from Neptune to the Sun, and an orbital period of about 10,000 to 20,000 years.
By the way.
Some people believe that what exists there is not a planet, but a black hole the size of an orange. This is also the origin of the so-called black hole that may exist in the solar system.
Of course.
This is just a theoretical guess, and no one has yet been able to discover this planet.
After all, the solar system is too large, and we are not yet capable of deep exploration of the Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud.
Like Voyager 1 launched in 1977.
According to Voyager 1's current speed of 17 kilometers per second, it will take at least 520 years to reach the Oort cloud.
As for Voyager 2, which has a speed of 15.4 kilometers/second, it will enter the Oort cloud in 580 years.
If you want to enter from one side of the Oort cloud and exit from the other side, it will still take 30,000 years, and Voyager 1 will completely lose contact with the Earth in 2025.
all in all.
The possible existence of the 'ninth planet' is actually one of the hottest front-end topics at the moment.
Even the civil sciences in China or around the world are flocking to this, hoping to find traces of it and put their names in the annals of history.
For example, a fisherman Xu Yun knew had a telescope installed on the back of the carriage when fishing.
It’s hard to see Mars, but I want to discover the ninth planet
After several hours every day, I didn't catch any fish, and I didn't find any planets, but I still enjoyed it.
I don’t quite understand you fishermen.JPG.
Okay, let’s return to reality.
The reason why Xu Yun targeted Hubert Airy this time was for two main purposes.
Naturally, he came here just to get in touch with his father, George Bedell Aire.
According to normal history.
George Bedell Airy not only survived the catastrophe smoothly, he even became president of the Royal Society in the end.
However, George Bedell Aire obviously couldn't control his own future, so Xu Yuneng helped him relieve the pressure, which was undoubtedly a textbook help in times of need.
As for the second purpose, it is
The astronomical telescope at Greenwich Observatory.
After all, it is different from the observation in the Song Dynasty.
The observation organized by Xu Yun in the Song Dynasty copy first had a large amount of manpower and material resources at his disposal, and he also had relatively ample time.
Secondly, whether they were observing the moon or the Crab Nebula, they were all fixed "targets".
Even the comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle was just a trick taken by Xu Yun based on the birth date of fellow countryman Cai Boyi.
But not this time.
Pluto's brightness is only magnitude 13.8, and its orbit is extremely complex. It is not easy to lock it.
In addition, Xu Yun is not an astronomy major after all, so he can only derive the orbit of Pluto through mathematical derivation, rather than just copying and cutting it.
This is also the reason why he asked Lao Tang to hire a bunch of tools from the mathematics department. He needed to perform calculations on the spot using existing data.
So he seemed very confident, but in fact he was still a little stressed.
Of course.
Xu Yun fell in love with the astronomical telescope at Greenwich Observatory not only because of its accuracy, but also because it was large enough.
According to what later generations Xu Yun visited.
This telescope is not much smaller than the one originally owned by Old Su, and it can attract attention just by placing it there.
Thus.
When the entire plan is officially implemented, it will definitely attract the attention of a large number of students.
And it is different from the previous rounds of experiments.
At that time, the experimental students could only watch from a distance and could not get started. They could only look at Faraday's expressions throughout the process, but this time the astronomical observation
As long as you like it, you can watch it for as long as you want!
Regardless of the fact that college students are very valuable these days, in terms of astronomy, there are really not many people in the entire Cambridge University who have access to a telescope of that size.
The participation and sense of achievement brought by this model are completely different concepts from the previous experimental process.
Facing the vast starry sky, the audience will easily be in awe of the starry sky, and this will extend to Gewushe to a certain extent.
Xu Yun didn't believe it.
No matter how awesome your Apostle Club is, can you still suppress the adrenaline rush of a young person?
Have you ever seen how many people in the live broadcast rooms of later generations engage in impulse spending every night?
And it is different from the large amount of consumer refunds that exist in live broadcast rooms.
As long as he is tricked into entering the Gewu Society, Xu Yun has a thousand ways to make the other party follow him into a brothel and wish he could live here.
Hubert Airy then briefly exchanged a few words with Xu Yun, and the two formally parted.
That afternoon.
A handwritten letter from Hubert Airy was rushed to Greenwich Observatory.
Xu Yun took the filled-in club application form and went to the dormitory next door to find Lao Tang. Only then did he know that Lao Tang was actually the vice president of the Cambridge University Student Union.
But it’s normal to think about it.
If you are not the deputy of the Federation of Students or the leader of an important internal department, you are not qualified to run for president, right?
"Mr. Thomson."
Xu Yun had no classes in the afternoon, so he was not in a hurry to talk to Thomson about business, but first asked about Sylph:
"How is the little girl you rescued yesterday?"
After hearing this, Lao Tang moved his chin towards the window, where he could vaguely see a building:
"With Dean Whewell's consent, she has been placed in the church on campus, living with more than a dozen orphans."
"You can go and see her when you have time. After all, she just arrived in a new environment, and the girl still looks a little nervous."
"The pastor said that she kept holding on to her small purse, as if she was afraid that others would snatch it away, and did not interact with others. I wonder if she is naturally introverted."
When Xu Yun heard this, he couldn't help but sigh.
Sylph seemed to have a very good relationship with the "brother Frege" who passed away without ever meeting her. Now that her only friend has passed away, the little girl is still a little uneasy.
Hey, I’d better go and see her if I have the chance.
Then Xu Yun shook his head, handed the application form to Lao Tang, pointed to the densely packed words on it, and said:
"Mr. Thomson, let's talk about the club. My form has been filled out. Can you see if there are any questions?"
Lao Tang took the application form, shook it slightly like a later doctor looking at a CD, and read it carefully.
As a result, as he watched, Lao Tang suddenly heard a soft hum full of surprise from the wings of his nose:
"Huh? Luo Feng, why is my name written in the president column? And your position is still behind Aveline?"
Xu Yun sat upright with his hands on his knees. He was not surprised by Lao Tang's reaction.
That's right.
On this form, the candidate for president that Xu Yun filled in was none other than Lao Tang himself!
Xu Yun's name was ranked after Aveline, in the column of the third president.
After all, he has one and only one mission in the second round this time, which is to push Lao Tang to the position of president of the Federation of Students.
So the credit on the surface must go to Lao Tang, he just needs to be the man behind it.
What's more, Xu Yun will inevitably disappear from the dungeon after the mission is completed, so he and Lao Tang are considering things on two levels:
According to Xu Yun's plan.
Lao Tang served as the president of the Gewu Club for a year. After graduation, he could just hand over the club to Aveline, and Aveline might be able to use it to run for the new president of the Federation of Students.
This way.
Not only will the Gwushe be handed over smoothly, but the resumes of Lao Tang and Aveline will also be much brighter.
Even in the year Aveline graduated, Xiaomai happened to be promoted to senior year. If he couldn't keep it together, he could still have three consecutive unparalleled victories.
Approximately five to seven years are enough time for a scientific research faction to form its basic prototype.
This is a good thing for Laotang, Aveline, Wheat, Cambridge University, the scientific community, and even the East.
Xu Yun himself hid his merit and fame deeply.
Pattern.JPG.
Of course.
The thoughts in his heart were just thoughts, and Xu Yun definitely couldn't express all these words.
So he thought for a while, changed to a past reason that could barely be explained, and said:
"Mr. Thomson, you should know the current situation better than I do."
"There is an Apostolic Society outside, and there are other candidates inside. The result of failure is to drop out of school, so no matter from which point of view, you are the most suitable candidate for president."
"As for my position, don't forget. I am an Oriental after all. Once the Gewu Society becomes bigger, there will always be some rumors."
"Not to mention that the empire's current attitude toward the East is unclear. It would not be a wise move for me to jump out rashly."
After hearing this, Lao Tang was silent for a moment and then sighed:
"Okay, I understand, but if you do this, you may be a little wronged."
Xu Yun waved his hands indifferently, he really didn't care about these:
"It's okay, it's okay. I just did some minor work. It's good that I didn't get hired by someone else."
Lao Tang nodded, looked at the application form again, and his tone changed from surprise to complete doubt:
"Others are no big deal, but what does the slogan in the slogan mean: Thirty years to the east of the river, thirty years to the west of the river, don't deceive the fishermen into poverty?"
""
Xu Yun's mouth twitched slightly and explained:
"It's just a buff or a proverb in the East. If you can't catch fish when you build a nest in the east, go to the west. If you still can't catch fish, don't be stingy with money and spend all your money to buy a water pump to pump water."
After saying that, he changed the subject, quickly revealed this paragraph, and took the initiative to ask Lao Tang:
"By the way, Mr. Thomson, I don't know about Mr. Bradley and the Department of Mathematics."
"Oh, I was just planning to tell you about this."
Seeing Xu Yun mentioning business, Lao Tang no longer wanted to pursue the proverb, but looked solemn and said:
"I have already contacted Daniel. He is willing to provide the observation records collected by the Bradley family. They will be sent to me in about three days."
Xu Yun suddenly felt happy, and his hands on his knees could not help but clenched into fists.
At the beginning, J. Bradley was able to think of using the star's optical aberration method to measure the speed of light, and the final result was very close to the speed of light. This is enough to explain two things:
First, Bradley had extraordinary thinking and sensitivity in astronomy.
The second is that the relevant data he possesses are extremely precise.
Over the past hundred years.
The Bradley family has been trying to clear the grievances of J. Bradley, so they have invested a lot of effort in starry sky observation, and almost astronomers have appeared from generation to generation.
At the same time, due to resistance from the mainstream astronomical community, they have never publicly communicated the data they observed.
Now that Daniel Bradley is willing to provide these data, it will undoubtedly be a huge help to Xu Yun's subsequent calculation process.
The Bradley family plus Father Airy, one private and one public, basically cover all the data that can be observed in this era.
However, Xu Yun was not happy for long. Lao Tang poured cold water on him with his next words:
"But Luo Feng, in terms of manpower in the mathematics department, you may have to be prepared for insufficient computing power."
"?!"
Hearing Lao Tang's words, Xu Yun raised his head sharply, with a rare hint of astonishment on his face.
Among the three links he planned, including Daniel Bradley, Hubert Airy and the mathematical tools man, the thing he was least worried about was recruiting manpower for the mathematics department.
After all, Lao Tang is the leader of the Mathematics Department. If he personally takes action this time, doesn't it mean that I have the advantage?
The result was unexpected
What seems to be the most stable link is unexpectedly changing right now?
Think of this.
Xu Yun's mind started racing rapidly.
after awhile.
He suddenly thought of something and tentatively announced a name:
"Frederick Agar Ellis?"
Lao Tang glanced at him in surprise, remained silent for a long time, and finally nodded slowly.
Frederick Agar Ellis.
This was the opponent of Lao Tang who was running for president, who Xu Yun saw at the opening ceremony. He was also Lao Tang's 'love rival' and the loser who ranked third in the mathematics department.
Then Lao Tang took a deep breath, as if he wanted to pour out all the depression in his heart, and said:
"The Ellis family is a hereditary earl, and the father of Frederick Argall Ellis is the current Earl of Ellis."
"He is also a crossbench member of the House of Lords and Lieutenant-Lieutenant of Devonshire."
"I got the news this morning that Earl Ellis will personally come to visit Cambridge University next week, so"
Xu Yun frowned slightly when he heard this, his expression a little solemn.
As we all know.
There are five types of European titles, namely:
Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Baron, and there is also a less accepted baronet.
On this basis.
The British have further subdivided the honors into three categories:
Royal Orders, Orders of Nobility and Orders of Merit.
The literal meanings of these three honors are easy to understand.
The first two are exclusive to the royal family and nobles, and the third is issued to those who have achieved achievements and contributed.
For example, Lao Tang was later made Lord Kelvin, a Baron with the rank of Merit.
As for the title?
There are two other higher-ranking clergy in the UK, but they are not nobles, namely the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Archbishop of York.
In 2022.
The UK has only 24+4 dukes, 30+ marquess, 191 earls including Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and 700+ barons.
The figures for 1850 were even lower, as many Lords' 'promotions' were obtained from One Crow and Two Crows and the Crimean War.
In other words.
The family of Frederick Argall Ellis is ranked at least 150th in the UK today and belongs to the standard upper-class aristocracy.
It's just that Xu Yun is a little unhappy
You are obviously running for president of the student union within the school. Although the consequences of failure are more serious, it is not because others are forcing you, right?
It would be too shameless for you to bring your own father over to put pressure on you.
Co-authoring means you can’t afford to lose?
But on the other hand.
Although this kind of solo game is shameless, the effect is immediate.
After all, Lao Tang is just an ordinary person born in Scotland, and his father is just a professor of mathematics at Belfast Royal College. In front of the earl, he is just like Pan Changjiang meeting Anri Okita. How can he stand up to that?
So it's no wonder that Lao Tang lost his composure. Anyone who faced this kind of table-turning behavior would be a little unhappy.
Think of this.
Xu Yun couldn't help but look at Lao Tang and asked:
"Mr. Thomson, now it seems that how many people can be found in the mathematics department?"
Lao Tang pondered for a moment, with a rare embarrassment on his face, and said slowly:
"About ten"
""
Xu Yun was silent.
Ten tool men, probably including Wheat.
To know.
The thirty people Xu Yun mentioned before was still the most conservative number, and his actual expectation was more than forty people.
Because in his opinion, Lao Tang will definitely be able to overfulfill this task, which is a tacit understanding.
But now Lao Tang not only failed to find all the tools, but also directly cut off 66%. This has obviously become a big trouble that cannot be avoided.
True.
Xu Yun's mathematics is pretty good, but good here refers to the application of mathematical tools.
Most physicists' attainments in mathematics are actually not as deep as many people imagine. The intersection between the two sides is actually mainly focused on mathematical tools rather than computational levels.
The most typical representative is Faraday, and another example is Masukawa Toshihide, the winner of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Everyone knows that Masukawa Minying's English is very poor, but in fact during his college years, he also took the make-up exam for mathematics three times.
Although Xu Yun's partiality in subjects is not that extreme, his level of mathematics does have an upper limit.
At the very least, if you ask him to stand up and do calculations for 1 for 20 at this time, you might as well ask him to code 50,000 words a day.
But this way
Where can I find a tool maker?
The strongest mathematics department in the UK these days is Cambridge University, followed by Oxford, and those below are basically younger brothers.
As for Oxford
Not to mention whether he has any acquaintances.
A Cambridge student went to Oxford for help. Normally, Xu Yun would be beaten to death before he even left the dormitory building, and then a kneeling statue would be erected at the entrance of Trinity College.
But besides Oxford, where else can I find it in the UK?
Suddenly.
A flash of lightning flashed in Xu Yun's mind, and he subconsciously slapped the table:
yes!
Why do you have to find someone in the UK?
You can definitely find reinforcements from outside the UK!
As for finding those people, is it a bit of a fuss?
This is the Apostolic Society, you are forcing me!
Think of this.
Xu Yun quickly packed up the things on the table and said to Lao Tang in a hurry:
"Lao Tang, I have some things to leave in advance. I would like to ask you to pay more attention to the club procedures and Mr. Bradley. I will go and try first to see if I can solve the computing power problem."
After saying that, he turned around quickly and disappeared like a Western reporter.
Looking at Xu Yun's distant image, Lao Tang blinked in confusion:
"?"
what does this mean?
Note:
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