Chapter two hundred and eighty third unexpected direction
Ahhhhh.
As a catchphrase of a certain Shinigami elementary school student.
For people like Xu Yun, these three words have almost the same intimidating effect as "Fellow Taoist, please stay."
And if based on this word, the speaker is limited to wheat, then its deterrence will be even greater.
Almost the moment I heard these words.
Xu Yun's originally relaxed expression suddenly froze, and he had a bad premonition in his heart.
Then he mechanically turned his head and looked at the simple wooden shed where the sound came from.
I only see this moment.
Xiaomai was standing in front of a wooden table in the shed. The Fuqing Wuwei Xubo Taishang Cihuangdaojun, who had not yet attained enlightenment, was frowning and looking at the several black and white photos on the table with a puzzled expression.
at the same time.
A few steps away from Wheat, Riemann, who was packing up Gauss's manuscript, seemed to have noticed something unusual about Wheat.
So he put down the manuscript in his hand, walked over to Mai, and the two started talking.
Xiaomai first raised a photo in his hand, then pointed to the observation records on the table and said something.
soon.
Riemann's expression gradually became serious.
After a while.
Riemann made a waiting gesture towards Xiaomai, walked quickly to Gauss who was not far away, whispered a few words, and brought his teacher back to the shed.
See this situation.
Xu Yun suddenly couldn't stand still and hurriedly walked towards the shed.
When he entered the shed, Mai just finished talking to Gauss about something.
I saw Gauss with his hands on the edge of the table, his body slightly lowered and leaning forward, observing something.
Seeing this, Xu Yun didn't bother him. He just nodded slightly to Xiaomai and Riemann, then stood aside quietly and waited.
At this time, Gauss was looking at the table with all his concentration and did not notice Xu Yun's appearance at all.
After looking at the photos for a while.
He moved some of the pictures in front of him, took out a pair of magnifying glasses from his chest, and conducted more detailed observations.
More than ten minutes later.
Gauss frowned and straightened up from the table.
The Prince of Mathematics pressed his thumb against his cheek, his index finger gently touched his chin, and his tone was full of confusion:
"It's strange, what's going on with this two-piece thing..."
But while he was talking, he noticed Xu Yun next to him, and his eyes immediately lit up:
"Hey, classmate Luo Feng, when did you come?"
"I just arrived, and I was chatting with Mr. Airy in front of me."
Xu Yun answered his question hastily, then pointed to the photo on the table and asked:
"Mr. Gauss, what are you..."
After hearing this, Gauss pondered for a moment, picked up a photo from the table, and said to Xu Yun:
"Classmate Luo Feng, look at this."
Xu Yun took the photo and looked at it carefully.
Ten seconds passed.
He raised his head again, the expression on his face became more and more confused:
"Mr. Gauss, is there anything wrong with this photo?"
Gauss gave his photo number 2963, which was taken by the Roman Observatory in Italy in 1843.
Pluto is located on the upper right side of the picture, and there are no other celestial bodies around it.
In Xu Yun's opinion.
In addition to the black and white background, this photo has perfect shooting accuracy and field of view. It can be said to be the standard template for early records of Pluto.
But look at Gauss's expression...
There seems to be something wrong with this photo?
Then Gauss glanced at him, handed his magnifying glass to Xu Yun, and said:
"Take another look with a magnifying glass and pay attention to the upper left corner of Pluto."
Xu Yun took the magnifying glass and looked at it again.
This time, he finally discovered some subtle anomalies:
I saw a tiny bulge on the upper left side of Pluto's light spot!
This convexity occupies about 1/5 of the area of the light spot, and is almost impossible to distinguish without looking carefully.
Opposite it is the upper right corner of Pluto, where there is a smooth arc.
See this situation.
Xu Yun's heart suddenly skipped a beat, and the bad thoughts became clearer.
Gauss did not notice Xu Yun's stiff expression, but pointed to the photo and asked:
"How's it going? Did you see it?"
Xu Yun could only nod, think about it for a moment, and said to Gauss:
"Professor Gauss, is it possible that the aperture of the camera is abnormal when shooting?"
"After all, there is a pixel difference in this kind of image after enlargement. It doesn't seem to mean anything, right?"
After hearing this, Gauss shook his head decisively, pointed to other images on the table and said:
"You are wrong, classmate Luo Feng, this photo is not the only one with abnormal bulges."
"According to Maxwell's observations, this anomaly can be observed in at least eight photos, and it is generally concentrated between 1840 and 1845."
When Xu Yun heard this, the hand holding the photo shook slightly.
Then he laughed dryly, looked at Gauss, and said:
"So Professor Gauss, what you mean is..."
Gauss picked up a photo, stared at it for a few seconds, and then said slowly:
"If I guess correctly, the anomaly on the image may be a companion star of Conan - note, it is a companion star, not a satellite."
"And judging from the images... its diameter may not be much smaller than Conan's star."
When Xu Yun heard this, he looked at his nose, mouth, and heart, with a calm expression on his face.
But at this moment, there was a storm in his heart.
Oh my god!
Something big happened!
Mentioned before.
The solar system outside Neptune can be further divided into the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud from near to far.
The objects in this area are called trans-Neptunian objects because their locations or orbits exceed the orbit of Neptune.
Among them, Pluto is the standard template for trans-Neptunian objects.
Its average distance from the Earth is close to 40 astronomical units, its apogee is about 7.376 billion kilometers, and its perigee is about 4.437 billion kilometers.
At the same time, Pluto takes the longest time to orbit the sun:
It takes about 248 Earth years to make one revolution, and one day of rotation is more than six Earth days.
So Xu Yun is quite depressed sometimes - when he said 30,000 updates per day, he didn't say it was an Earth day. If calculated according to Pluto, his update volume is beyond the standard...
If we use the 243 Earth days of Venus to calculate...
Ahem, let’s get down to business.
all in all.
Under such distance conditions, the images recorded by the camera are very blurry.
It is very difficult to observe it with the naked eye, let alone see its outline.
But - here comes the point, there is one exception.
That is the planetary opposition phase.
Some veterans may read this word separately, but in fact, it refers to a special astronomical phenomenon.
The so-called star opposition.
It refers to an astronomical phenomenon in which it moves roughly in line with the earth and the sun during its revolution around the sun, and the earth happens to be located between the sun and the stars.
A star is the brightest when it is in opposition to the sun, and this is generally an excellent time to observe it.
For example, two days after readers read this chapter, that is, July 20, 2022, will be the moment of Pluto's opposition.
A few days before and after the 20th, wait until the sun sets every day.
Pluto will rise above the eastern horizon and will be visible almost all night.
Of course.
This still refers to an astronomical telescope.
As we all know, the orbits of planets in our system are all elliptical.
Among them, Pluto is the outermost of the solar system, and its average revolution speed is only about 4.7 kilometers/second.
The Earth is relatively inside, with an average revolution speed of 30 kilometers/second.
Therefore, almost every once in a while, Pluto will be overtaken by the Earth, passively forming an opposition phenomenon.
And what a coincidence.
September 15, 1843, was an opposition node of Pluto, and it was the brightest in a hundred years.
One more thing to mention.
That is, before the invention of the radio telescope in 1937, the only two core factors that determined the observation effect were the diameter of the telescope and the material of the lens.
For example, Tombaugh, the discoverer of Pluto in 1930.
The astronomical telescope he used was only 42 inches, or 1066.8 millimeters, which was much smaller than the 'Tatara' in the open space now.
After all, the Lowell Observatory where Tombaugh works is, after all, a private observatory.
Although the founder Lowell is rich, it is still not enough compared to the Greenwich Observatory.
The reason why Tombaugh was able to discover Pluto was largely due to good luck - Lowell's original purpose was actually to search for life on Mars.
In terms of horizontal comparison.
The Naga telescope used by Tombaugh in 1930 was not even ranked among the top ten in Europe in 1850.
The actual ranking is probably between 13-15, which is similar to Muchachus Rock Observatory’s treasure.
More importantly,...
Pluto is the only known dwarf planet with an atmosphere.
When Pluto is at its perihelion.
The atmosphere will be in a gaseous state.
And when Pluto is at its aphelion.
Gases in the atmosphere condense due to the low temperature and fall like snowflakes.
Therefore, in photos, its image feedback will be infinitely close to the concept of "realism".
Therefore, with the blessing of many of the above reasons.
Around Pluto's opposition to the sun in 1843, some of the photos were taken that are considered to be the clearest photos of Pluto in this era.
Use a magnifying glass to enlarge these photos, and you can barely see a small bump, which is the moon of Pluto...
Charon.
Of course.
The reason that made Xu Yun's hands tremble was not the simple fact that Gauss discovered the 'Conan Star' satellite, but because...
"Strange."
I saw Gauss scratching his hair a little irritably and saying incomprehensibly:
"The angular diameter of Conan's star is 0.065"-0.115", and its oblateness is less than 1%, which means that the inclination of its axis will be very, very large."
"In this case, it can have a companion star. Then this companion star will first be tidally locked, and secondly, its diameter will never be that small - its ratio to Conan's star is at least higher than that of the Earth and Moon.
big."
"But in this case, the center of mass of Conan's star will inevitably be outside the star, so there will be problems with the deviation parameters we calculated before..."
"What has actually happened......"
Gauss's brows were knitted tightly, his fingers clicked regularly on the table, his expression was solemn and confused.
According to his previous calculations.
There is a high probability that there will be satellites around Conan, and there may be a lot of them. After all, this is a very common thing in the universe.
Even if the earth is such an unlucky person, there is still a moon accompanying it.
But the existence of a companion star is surprising...
The concept of companion stars is relatively common in star systems, such as binary star systems, triple star systems, etc. - the famous Trisolaris is the triple star system, and the prototype is Nanmen II.
The companion star of the sun has not yet been discovered. In the past, the scientific community speculated that the companion star of the sun was on the other side of the sun, but now this guess has been denied.
The one that is currently relatively popular is called the Nemesis hypothesis, also known as the dark companion star hypothesis - if you can't remember it, you can divide it into Neme+sis, ahem...
This hypothesis has been proposed for several years. It believes that the sun has a companion star similar to a red dwarf existing near the Oort Nebula.
It is one light-year from perihelion and three light-years from aphelion.
This hypothesis can explain the cause of the Earth's periodic mass extinctions, but recently there is a lot of evidence from meteorites indicating that meteorites impacting the Earth are not cyclical, so the acceptance of this hypothesis is still not high.
Of course.
Compared with stars, it is not uncommon for planets to have companion stars.
For example, in the HD158259 star system, there is a planet with five companion stars.
But the question is where is the distance to Conan’s star:
If the companion star is small, it is unlikely to be captured by a black and white camera anyway.
Only when the volume reaches a certain scale - for example, the diameter is one-third or even one-half of the host star - can it be recorded.
But once the companion star reaches this magnitude.
Then its ascending node longitude is at least above 200, and its orbital inclination cannot be lower than 0.050.
Thus.
A new question arises:
With the existence of such a huge star, why are the values they previously calculated correct?
for example.
There is a piece of sand in front of you, and a 50-pound iron ball is known to fall from the sky.
You determine its falling speed through derivation, calculate the effect of sand resistance, and finally determine that the iron ball will stop one meter underground.
Then you take a shovel and dig down to one meter underground.
Sure enough, you successfully found the iron ball.
Everything seems fine, can we open the champagne, right?
But when you were weighing it, you suddenly discovered that this iron ball was not fifty kilograms, but seventy kilograms!
The falling speed remains unchanged and the resistance of the sand remains unchanged.
According to the calculation of 1/2MV??, it is obviously impossible for the 70-pound iron ball and the 50-pound iron ball to stop in one area.
But the actual result is right there:
It just appeared one meter underground, with an error of a few millimeters at most.
And unlike the example, the position of the planet does not lie, it just hangs there.
So thinking about it this way, there is only one possibility left:
There is some unknown force that reduces the kinetic energy of the iron ball to the order of fifty kilograms after it hits the ground.
Then Gauss thought of something again. He picked up the paper and pen again and quickly started calculating on the table.
More than ten minutes passed.
Gauss took a deep breath and looked thoughtful:
"Sure enough, whether it is Conan alone or including the influence of companion stars, there are still some problems with the orbit of Uranus."
Think of this.
He couldn't help but turn his head, looked at Xu Yun solemnly, and said:
"Classmate Luo Feng, do you think there is such a possibility..."
"It's somewhere farther away, in the depths of the starry sky."
"There is also a huge, undiscovered planet that is exerting gravitational pull on Conan and its companion stars..."
Hear this.
Xu Yun's pupils suddenly shrank!
really.
The accident...happened anyway.
A few seconds passed.
He took a deep breath and did not answer Gauss's question.
Instead, he took the ax from his body, stuffed it into his mouth and started chewing it.
Um.
Fortunately, I was resourceful and asked a pastry shop to order an axe-shaped bread. It tasted pretty good.
........
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