Chapter 624: The highest energy level particle impact since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China!
After figuring out how to "pay back" John Bull.
Li Jue and Lao Guo pushed Xu Yun's wheelchair back to its original position.
Although everyone, including the young scholar who spoke out before, was eager to know what the countermeasures proposed by Xu Yun were.
However, the confidentiality quality acquired through long-term scientific research at the base still allowed them to restrain their urge to ask questions.
The base will definitely tell them what they should know, and there is no need to forcefully inquire about things they shouldn't know.
Anyway, judging from the expressions of Li Jue and Lao Guo, the plan proposed by Xu Yun should be highly feasible - this is enough.
After returning to position.
Lao Guo gave Zhao Zhongyao a look that said, "Mid-rare, I've come up with a plan that can give the British guy a drink. I'll tell you later, turn on the phone now, don't be too pushy." Zhao Zhongyao replied knowingly.
"You don't even have punctuation marks. Believe it or not, I put cockroaches in your wine bottle" - don't ask why they can communicate so much, just ask about the tacit understanding between comrades.
Then Zhao Zhongyao took another deep breath, turned to look at Xu Yun, and asked:
"Xiao Han, since we are now going to trial run this tandem electrostatic accelerator, what high-pressure gas should be used instead of argon?"
"Could it be...use helium or neon gas?"
Xu Yun shook his head when he heard this and explained to Zhao Zhongyao:
"Director Zhao, these two gases are not good either. Due to structural problems, they will also appear abnormal in an excessive gradient environment - this is a phenomenon discovered by the University of Cambridge during experiments."
"Although the specific principle causing this anomaly is not yet known, common natural protective gases are basically ineffective."
Zhao Zhongyao said softly, and keenly noticed a word in Xu Yun's words:
"Xiao Xu, are you saying that natural gas is ineffective? Then artificial gas can be used in high-pressure generators?"
Xu Yun nodded towards him, and considering that it was not difficult to break the chapter at the end, he gave the answer directly;
"Yes, as far as I know, the high-pressure gas used by Cambridge University is synthetic SF6."
SF6.
The Chinese name is the famous... sulfur hexafluoride.
This thing was also nicknamed the Overlord of Insulating Gases in later generations.
The molecular structure of sulfur hexafluoride is a symmetrical octahedron, with sulfur atoms in it and fluorine atoms at the six corners. S and F atoms are connected by covalent bonds.
Its equivalent diameter is 4.58?, which is larger than the equivalent diameter of water molecules. Sulfur hexafluoride with the same volume and pressure is 5.1 times heavier than air.
The F atoms on the top of the six are very active atoms. Outside the nucleus, the number of electrons in the inner shell is 2 and the number of electrons in the outer shell is 7. A stable electron shell distribution is achieved with only one electron missing.
Anyone who didn't get mad at their high school chemistry teacher should know this.
When the number of electrons in the outermost shell of the nucleus exceeds 4, it has the ability to absorb external electrons. As the number of electrons in the outer shell increases, its ability to absorb electrons also increases.
Therefore, the fluorine atom with 7 electrons in the outer shell has the largest electron affinity among the halogen elements, which is the so-called electronegative property.
The existence of this electronegativity gives sulfur hexafluoride gas excellent insulating properties.
When electron emission occurs between electrodes under a certain field strength, the free electrons between the electrodes will quickly be adsorbed by sulfur hexafluoride, which greatly hinders the development of the collision ionization process, causing the ionization degree between the electrodes to decrease and the ability to withstand voltage to increase.
Sulfur hexafluoride was the absolute leader in the insulation field even in 2023, the year that Xu Yun traveled through.
Judging from the current trend, fluorine-ketone mixed gas will have the opportunity to challenge its status - this is only a possible trend.
The energy levels of later tandem accelerators basically start at tens of MeV, so the high-pressure gas they use is without exception sulfur hexafluoride.
More importantly.
Even in this era of low technological level, the production process of sulfur hexafluoride gas is still quite mature:
It is an artificial inert gas synthesized by two Gallic chemists Moissan and Lebeau in 1900. Around 1940, it was used in the Manhattan Project across the sea and became commercially available in 1947.
As of this year, more than 40 countries around the world have mastered the production process of SF6.
By the way.
Didn’t I say above that the structure of this thing is a symmetrical octahedron?
Since the angle between the bond positions of this substance is 103.5°, the covalent bond between the S and F atoms in the planar state will look like a flagpole.
The six fluorine atoms above are like a flag, and the background color of most floor plans is white. In addition, it was invented by the French, so many people also call it white flag gas...
His eyes returned to reality.
The sulfur hexafluoride gas rabbits independently mastered the production process 9 years ago with the efforts of Academician Wang You. Nowadays, many regional-level factories are using sulfur hexafluoride, not to mention confidential hinterlands such as the 221 Base.
At the same time, it's a coincidence.
Liu Youcheng's chemical laboratory is also within the scope of the Seventh Branch Factory, only a hundred meters away from Xu Yun and the others.
So less than half an hour.
Zhao Zhongyao brought Liu Youcheng and Wang Ganchang back to the scene and said to everyone:
"Director, Lao Guo and Xiao Han, the sulfur hexafluoride gas has been pressurized and successfully introduced into the high-pressure generator!"
Li Jue's face relaxed when he saw this, and asked Xu Yun again:
"Xiao Han, now that the high-pressure gas problem has been solved, why don't you go check that equipment again?"
Xu Yun glanced at Li Jue with a smile, and nodded after a few seconds.
In fact, given the current situation, there is no need to check the equipment again.
After all, apart from the high-pressure gas, the only thing left in the entire accelerator is the ion source and the material supply module.
The remaining parts are all real hardware, and it is impossible for the British to manipulate such an explicit link. After all, the two parties signed an agreement in secret.
This chapter is not over yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! Again, some people may be bad, but they are not stupid.
Not to mention that if there is a problem with the hardware equipment, it is impossible for Zhao Zhongyao and Wang Ganchang not to discover it.
The remaining ion sources are provided by the base itself, and there is no possibility of being hacked.
However, considering that Li Jue... or that all rabbits have a stable character, Xu Yun decided to check again.
.....
after an hour.
After completing the re-examination, Xu Yun followed Lao Guo, Zhao Zhongyao and others back to Li Jue.
At this time, everyone's location was also moved from the warehouse where the 2.5MeV accelerator was originally located to the location of the tandem accelerator with an air shower room.
Or you can also call this place...Accelerator Research Center.
Then Xu Yun glanced at Li Jue and said:
"Director, Director Zhao and I checked again. Except for the high-pressure gas we discovered before, the other modules are all normal."
Li Jue nodded after hearing this and handed over the on-site command to Lao Guo:
"Come on, my friend, if a layman doesn't guide an expert, then it's you who will give the guidance."
Lao Guo and Li Jue were old partners, so they were not polite when they saw this, and said directly to Zhao Zhongyao;
"Comrade Zhongyao, please inform Comrade Wang Jing to turn on the power."
Zhao Zhongyao said yes, walked quickly to the operating table, picked up the microphone and said:
"Xiao Wang, turn on the power!"
Hear this.
Having entered the main body of the equipment...that is, on the other side of the glass, Wang Ganchang, whose pseudonym is Wang Jing, immediately gave Zhao Zhongyao a thumbs-up and at the same time pulled down a gate.
This gate is the main power switch of the accelerator. Because the accelerator has a huge load and is prone to tripping, someone must hold down the gate on site.
Buzz buzz——
As the gate is pulled down.
A low vibrating sound gradually sounded in everyone's ears, as if someone had placed a vibrating egg on the wall next to your bedroom.
Immediately afterwards.
Fifteen seconds later.
The first indicator light at the top of the right console came on.
This is a signal that the high-voltage generator starts to operate - of course, since there are no integrated circuits these days, this signal only serves as a reminder.
At 5.2 atmospheres absolute.
462 kilograms of sulfur hexafluoride gas quickly filled the inside of the generator, and the transmission belt made of insulating material began to move, rotate, and jump between the two rotating shafts. I closed my eyes...
Another thirty seconds passed.
The negative ion source produced by the rabbits themselves begins to deflect the magnet.
This is a tube-type ion source independently developed by the Rabbits. Although it is inferior to the Kaufman ion source across the sea and the Bear's Hall ion source, you must know that the ion source was only born from Kaufman at this time.
Just three years...
at the same time.
The operator's announcement also sounded on the operating platform:
"Report! The deflection radius of the deflection magnet R\u003d11'', the error from the expected set radius is 0!"
"Report! The mass resolution is about 17!"
"The electrospray needle is about to conduct corona discharge, counting down to five numbers! Five, four, three, two, one!"
snap——
With a crisp sound that everyone could hear, a switch on the tandem accelerator popped open like a spring.
at the same time.
In the microscopic world that cannot be observed by the naked eye.
A negative ion beam is accelerated from zero.
It is first ejected from the three-phase pipeline of the ion source, with an initial mass and energy level of 2.7 MeV.
Then under the action of the accelerating tube, their energy levels begin to gradually increase.
3.7MeV....
9.3MeV....
12.3MeV....
19.4MeV....
23.8MeV....
When the negative ion beam is accelerated to 24 MeV, its energy level has reached the upper limit - because the magnitude of the electromagnetic field is so large.
But at this time.
A strange thing appeared in front of this negative ion beam, that is...
High voltage generator.
Then, before the negative ion beam reacts, it enters the high-voltage generator body.
Then the countless negative ions in this negative ion beam suddenly discovered something extremely terrifying:
Under the action of the charge exchange chamber, their balls... ahem, the electrons in their bodies were stripped away!
As a result, these countless negative ions suddenly turned into positive ions.
More importantly...
The acceleration principle of the tandem electrostatic accelerator relies on magnetic fields and electric fields. Therefore, after the current electrical change of the particles, the cations start a second round of acceleration - this acceleration does not return to the original path, but continues to move in the original direction, because
Both ends of the accelerator are at ground potential, and the high-voltage electrode is in the middle. (Students who don't understand can understand by placing two cones bottom to bottom.)
Under the influence of voltage.
Finding that it was fine without the balls, Cation began to let himself go, faster and faster, and finally came...
77.777MeV!
This energy level is close to the limit of this tandem accelerator. After all, the so-called 80MeV is only the design level. In fact, due to losses in various processes, particles can never reach this number.
According to the experimental records of Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge.
The laboratory conducted a total of 17 collision experiments before sending this accelerator to the CERN headquarters. The highest magnitude was only 76MeV, and the lowest magnitude was even around 50MeV.
The cation beam that had reached its limit quickly passed through the analyzer outside the steel cylinder (the thing on the weather Doppler radar), then passed through a beam transport pipeline, and finally hit the solid target.
.
This solid target is also a tool developed by the base with the assistance of Xu Yun. The process mainly involves depositing lithium onto a zinc-containing substrate, which is considered a very simple target making technology.
However, the reaction threshold energy of this hybrid target is lower than that of common beryllium targets, and the resonance peak is about 17.5MeV, which is quite friendly to today's rabbits.
This chapter is not over yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! At the same time the cation beam hits the target.
drop--
The last indicator light on the operating table also lit up at the same time, and a soft, long-lasting and uninterrupted tone sounded throughout the operating room.
When Zhao Zhongyao and others saw this, their chests suddenly relaxed.
According to the operating manual provided by the British.
This tandem accelerator may produce two beeps after completing the collision:
If the sound is short and spaced [didi, beep, beep], it means that the cation beam is deflected and does not hit the target.
This is actually a very common thing in this era. After all, the reason why particle acceleration in later generations is accurate is because of the assistance of the focusing system. This step requires at least two quadrupole magnets to form a structure called a FODO cell - which is what Xu Yun did in 1850.
That thing that the copy did.
However, the technology of this year is obviously not as complete as that of later generations. Although some experts have also thought of magnetic field focusing, the effect is not ideal due to technical limitations.
Generally speaking, half of ten particle collisions are successful, which is considered good.
And once the collision is successful... that is, the ion beam hits the target, a continuous sound similar to a whistle will sound on the console, and there will be no signs of interruption during this period.
The current prompt tone obviously belongs to the latter, in other words...
Base 221’s first high-energy (really high-energy for this era) experimental trial run, there were no surprises in the process!
However, Zhao Zhongyao's excitement had not passed long before he was shocked back by Lao Guo's words:
"Zhongyao, what's the result of the collision? When will the result of the collision be available?"
"Such a high-energy collision has never been carried out before. If we are lucky...will there be something that we have not been able to find before?"
Hear this.
Swish——
Zhao Zhongyao turned his head instantly, his eyes locked on the other side of the glass, where he was carefully removing a metal plate...
Wang Ganchang!
.....
Note:
Additional updates will start on the 18th, and the vest defense battle begins again!
