"...At that time, behaviorists realized that they had greatly underestimated the intelligence of cats. The traditional concept of 'intelligence quotient', as well as the intelligence tests invented by humans, are based on existing human concepts.
A biased approach."
In the late 1940s, Xiangshan stood on the podium at Seoul National University and talked...
One of his arms showed a distinct metallic color. Throughout his speech, this hand was raised at the same height as his head, with his fist clenched, as if to declare something.
Xiang Shan said: "Felines cannot understand the meaning of 'intelligence tests'. Evolution has not given their brains the mission of understanding all this. Compared with us primates, their brains are specialized for hunting. Only they believe 'this
If their behavior is conducive to hunting, they will be willing to use the computing resources of their brains."
"Let's use a less precise but vivid metaphor. If we give cats intelligence close to humans through certain brain chip implants, then we may be surprised to find that those furry little guys will only
When it comes to 'hunting' and 'killing', the resources of those chips are used. They look up at the stars and think about whether there are any huge alien creatures worth hunting. After discovering the big alien monsters that can make them less interested in hunting
, these little guys will use their wisdom to study the theory of relativity and condensed matter, and build better spaceships to hunt aliens."
"Humans use 'IQ tests' based on human bias to test cats' cognitive abilities. But cats have no interest in the tests - until researchers find a way to convince cats that those tests are related to 'hunting'."
Having said this, Xiang Shan opened his hands: "Although everyone believes that science should be absolutely neutral, without any stance, and beyond prejudice. Unfortunately, stances and prejudices have always existed among scientists, even in
For a long time, those prejudices were not considered 'prejudices', but were regarded as a 'natural' part."
"This is also part of the 'new trend in academia' that my colleagues and I advocate..."
There was a lot of discussion in the audience, and many young people could not suppress their desire to discuss. Seeing this, Xiang Shan paused his speech and gave Li Zheyuan next to him a look. Li Zheyuan immediately signaled to the host to open a round of questions.
Li Zheyuan is here as Xiang Shan's simultaneous interpreter.
The host said a few words to the people below. Then, many hands were raised.
The first person to ask the question was a thin young man. He first greeted Xiang Shan respectfully, and then asked: "Mr. Xiang, have you ever considered that what you just said may form a kind of reverse discrimination. I don't think so.
I don’t mean to disrespect any women. I respect my mother and respect all women. But judging from the current data, the academic world is still dominated by men..."
"That's a good question." Xiang Shan looked a little weird, but he still praised the young man politely: "You stated an irrefutable fact, that is, 'at this stage, the majority of academic members are men.' However,
This is just a literal meaning. It does not mean that 'there are any biological factors that determine that women's academic achievements are inferior to men', or that 'men are the majority in any time period or in any field in academia'."
"There is currently no neuroscientific research that supports the idea that one gender has an overwhelming advantage in a certain area of cognitive ability. In fact, this is what I want to say to everyone - I want to emphasize it again,
Prejudice is widespread in everyone."
"'Women are not good at mechanics, mathematics, physics, chemistry and other subjects' is an inherent prejudice. This prejudice will cause female compatriots to automatically give up this subject at a certain stage. For them, having invested in these subjects
If you have too much energy, you will become 'ungirly'."
"Marie Curie was the first person in human history to win two Nobel Prizes. Amy Noether was one of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth century. But what happened to them? Marie Curie
She collapsed due to the mental pressure caused by the pornographic news and was admitted to a mental hospital. Amy Knott could only give lectures under a male lecturer who was not as good as her and did not even receive the same salary - because
Scholars at that time could not accept "listening to a woman teaching mathematics class". In fact, if it were not for the support provided by her teacher David Hilbert in her early years, this great woman would not have been able to take this step.
.She would have been sent home directly from school. And today's physicists would have been deprived of several common tools."
"Of course, today's situation is much better than that time. However, this does not mean that the prejudice is no longer there. The prejudice that 'girls should look like girls' and 'good girls should stay away from mechanics and mathematics' will continue to exist, then this invisible
The pressure will exist for one day - it will definitely be reflected in the statistical results."
"The conclusion of statistics is just a conclusion of statistics. It is a summary of phenomena, not the truth."
"'Statistics' and 'measurement' are equally deceptive."
"Remember the story about 'cat IQ' that I just told? In fact, the misassessment caused by this kind of bias does not only appear in 'cats'. Many creatures have been misassessed by biologists in this way - of course,
This also includes 'human beings'."
"There are many factors that determine a person's cognitive ability and thinking ability, and a person's cognitive ability and thinking ability also have many different dimensions - we even have to admit that our understanding of our own cognition is still unclear.
It's very shallow. We know almost nothing about it. The standards for measuring intelligence quotient were developed by people who knew nothing about it in a time when they were even more ignorant than we are today."
"For example, we know today that human's 'memory' is actually divided into several types, and they are independent of each other. 'Memory of words', 'Memory of graphics' and 'Memory of sounds'
There are differences. 'Emotional memory' and 'knowledge memory' are stored separately in the brain."
"Suppose, there are two groups A and B in the world. Group A is on average better at 'remembering words' and has a statistically significant advantage in 'fast and short-term memory'. Group B is better
In turn, they are better at 'remembering graphics' and 'forgetting long-term memory more slowly'..."
Xiang Shan sighed softly: "In the IQ test formulated by Group A, 'verbal memory' accounts for 80% of the weight, then statistics will give a conclusion, that is, 'In such and such intelligence test, Group A has overwhelming