Niu Ben watched as the operator wrapped himself into a rice dumpling, wearing a thick cotton coat and a layer of steel armor.
Seeing that these people were not stable, he shouted loudly: "Please pay attention and put the yellow explosives smoothly.
The yellow explosive was too sensitive, so His Highness the King of Qin proposed using diatomaceous earth. After several rounds of tests, the yellow explosive became very stable.
We must be more careful and never let down our guard."
Niu Ben looked at the yellow explosives that had been placed on the operating table.
Driven by a steam engine, the operating platform simulates the bumpy running of a carriage.
Yellow explosives produced before will explode when encountering severe bumps.
Yellow explosives are extremely powerful, but their performance is unstable.
Even if they use a very small amount of yellow explosive, it is extremely powerful at close range.
The researchers under him have made all safety preparations.
But yellow explosives always explode when they think they are safest.
A total of six researchers were hospitalized after being bombed. Fortunately, safety protection was in place and their lives were not in danger.
Teacher Su He sent guards and told him that diatomaceous earth could be used as a stabilizer for yellow explosives.
Niuben is the yellow explosive that was prepared according to the teacher's advice.
He was sure that this was something new and had never appeared before.
The teacher is so capable that when yellow explosives first appeared, he used his knowledge to calculate that the stabilizer of yellow explosives is diatomaceous earth.
Niu Ben believed that his level was far inferior to that of his teacher, and he wanted to learn more about chemistry.
Otherwise, it would be really embarrassing for him, the director of the Chemistry Institute of the Academy of Sciences, to be unable to understand anything.
One researcher said in surprise: "Director Niu, we succeeded.
The operating platform was jolted so violently that the yellow explosive did not explode."
When Niu Ben saw this situation, he also looked surprised.
Immediately began to conduct further experiments, he began to add different proportions of diatomaceous earth to the yellow explosive.
Just use a mechanical forging hammer and start smashing yellow explosives.
At the same time, yellow explosives are detonated by mercury fulminate.
Through this experiment, find the optimal ratio of diatomaceous earth.
Let the yellow explosive be at its most stable moment while maintaining greater power.
Prioritize the pursuit of the stability of yellow explosives.
After Niu Ben arranged the experiment, he had to carry out another more important task.
Along with the mass production of yellow explosives, there is also the industrial production of a variety of dyes developed by chemical research institutes.
The most basic chemical raw materials are sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate.
In the chemical industry, they are called three acids and two bases.
In the past, it was only prepared in small quantities in the laboratory, but now the dosage of three acids and two bases has increased sharply.
The industrial production of three acids and two alkali needs to be put on the agenda.
Su He gave this task to Niu Ben to complete.
The Shaofu ordered Lin Wenjing to fully cooperate with Niu Ben to establish a complete industrial production plant for three acids and two alkali.
…………………………
At the shooting range outside Hanzhong City, Artillery Division Commander Zhang Yuliang accompanied Su He.
Du Kangjie, Niu Ben and others were also watching.
Today is the first batch of breech guns coming off the production line. They are verifying the power of this batch of breech guns.
Zhang Yuliang walked up to Su He, gave a military salute, and said: "Your Highness, King Qin, the artillery is ready and can fire at any time."
"fire."
As Su He's order was issued, the infantry artillery, field artillery and fortress artillery roared.
The range of the cannon is only slightly improved because the cannonballs are lengthened.
But the power of the cannon is simply doubled after replacing it with yellow explosives.
The craters caused by infantry artillery shells are much larger than those caused by the previous 110 medium artillery.
The breech-loaded artillery fires extremely fast, which is simply a nightmare for the enemy.
Zhang Yuliang said in surprise: "Your Highness, King Qin, this new cannon is really great.
It is easy to operate, especially since the shell is a whole, you only need to release the safety and then load it, without any additional steps.
In this way, the artillerymen do not need to memorize the tedious operations, and only need to recite the artillery to shoot Zhu Yuan.
In this way, a new recruit can become a qualified artilleryman very quickly."
Su He looked at Niu Ben and said happily: "Thanks to Director Niu Ben, they made the yellow explosive more stable.
Now use a small hammer to lightly tap the yellow explosive, and it will not explode.
The bumps caused by normal transportation will not affect the yellow explosive.
It is a very good explosive, not just as a charge for artillery shells.
This kind of explosive performs very well in mining and building roads, far better than black powder."
After Su He watched the cannon fire live, he was very satisfied with the new cannon.
Su He said to Zhang Yuliang: "The new cannon will be equipped in all armies soon. You must write the operation manual of the new cannon and shoot Zhu Yuan as soon as possible.
Soldiers from your unit will be sent to each division to form an artillery regiment directly under the division.
Now that the power of artillery has increased, the artillery regiment can cope with most battlefield situations.
When encountering enemies that require intensive firepower to destroy, multiple artillery regiments working together can provide sufficient firepower."
When Zhang Yuliang heard this, he was very confused.
According to His Majesty the King of Qin, their artillery division will be disbanded.
He said nothing and continued to listen to His Highness King Qin's orders.
"Now the artillery is more powerful, and we don't need to concentrate all the heavy artillery to destroy the enemy.
The artillery division organization is temporarily mothballed.
You have two options.
Come to the military academy to teach and train more artillerymen.
Or the Eighth Army is established based on the artillery division, and you serve as the commander of the Eighth Army.
You can only retain three artillery regiments, and the other artillery units need to be allocated to brother units and various fortresses."
Zhang Yuliang thought for a moment and made up his mind: "Your Highness, King Qin, I still want to stay on the battlefield."
"Well, I will ask all departments of the Governor's Office to cooperate with you to build the Eighth Army."
After Su He had taken care of the military affairs, he was about to return to the city and specially called Niu Ben to his carriage.
"Niuben, how is the industrial production of three acids and two alkalis going now?"
"Teacher, I've done all the three most important acids.
After the breakthrough of sulfuric acid, the other two acids could be produced through sulfuric acid.
Two bases, sodium hydroxide, can be produced from sodium carbonate.
But sodium carbonate is the production method of soda ash. I have never figured out how to synthesize it.
Put it on hold for now and keep using natural minerals for production."
Niu Ben scratched his head, lowered his head and said.
Su He praised: "This is enough. There are minerals in soda ash. The current dosage is not large, and the minerals can be mined directly.
The other four raw materials can be produced, then the purpose is achieved.
You must develop an industrial synthesis method for sodium carbonate as soon as possible. The amount used will be very large in the future, and minerals alone are not enough."
Su He finally felt relieved when he learned that three acids and two bases could be produced industrially.
The production process of yellow explosive requires the consumption of large amounts of nitric acid and glycerin.
Glycerin is provided by the soap industry. As a by-product of the soap industry, glycerol is obtained at a very low cost.
Nitric acid is an extremely scarce commodity and can only be produced in small quantities in laboratories.
Niu Ben managed three acids and two alkalis this time, mostly relying on his own abilities.
Su He only mentioned some key steps, while Niu Ben and others learned quickly and were able to apply what they learned.
He turned the carriage around and headed straight to the industrial area to personally inspect the industrial production of three acids and two alkali.
…………………………
Su He put on glass goggles and, under the guidance of Niu Ben, stood outside the production workshop to observe the production of three acids and two alkali.
He did not dare to enter the production workshop directly. These were extremely dangerous chemical raw materials, and the production process also produced a large amount of toxic and harmful gases.
Most of these toxic and harmful gases can be processed through chemical reactions through exhaust gas recovery devices.
A small amount is directly discharged into the atmosphere by the high-power exhaust fan in the factory.
Niu Ben stayed with Su He and introduced each factory to Su He carefully.
"Teacher, this is the sodium hydroxide production workshop.
After the raw sodium carbonate ore is crushed, a sodium carbonate solution is made, and we then purify the solution.
Reaction of sodium carbonate solution with calcium hydroxide solution made from quicklime.
This is a method for mass production of sodium hydroxide, and the entire reaction process is very simple.
The resulting by-product calcium carbonate will precipitate.
The factory will dry the sodium hydroxide solution and store large amounts of sodium hydroxide granules in linen bags."
They continued walking into the factory and came to a larger and more complex factory with many large jars inside.
"Teacher, this is the most important sulfuric acid production plant.
The raw material of sulfuric acid is pyrite or sulfur.
Calcining pyrite and sulfur produces a large amount of sulfur dioxide.
Sulfur dioxide enters the spray chamber, and when it comes into contact with water, it turns into sulfuric acid.
The sulfuric acid undergoes purification and other steps to generate sulfuric acid of different concentrations, which are stored in glass jars."
Su He looked at the sulfuric acid factory, which was the most important factory.
Its production efficiency is not high, and the sulfuric acid obtained also contains some impurities.
But it can produce a large amount of sulfuric acid every day, enough for the current chemical industry.
Niu Ben took Su He to visit the production workshops of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
These two production workshops are similar to the sulfuric acid production workshop. They are all produced using reaction methods that can be easily achieved.
Nitric acid and hydrochloric acid are both produced using sulfuric acid as raw material.
Sulfuric acid reacts with saltpeter to produce nitric acid, and the by-product is potassium sulfate.
Sulfuric acid reacts with saturated salt water to produce hydrochloric acid.
Su He looked at the synthesis methods of three acids and two bases, and Niu Ben chose not the most efficient synthesis method, nor the lowest cost synthesis method.
He chose a synthesis method that was feasible with production technology and suitable for large-scale industrial production.
He can build three acid and two alkali factories, which is already very good.
Su He praised: "The construction of this factory is very good, please keep up your efforts.
We strive to make the production of three acids and two alkali more efficient, lower cost, and the production process safer."
Su He and Niuben walked out of the factory and took a carriage back to the Academy of Sciences.
On the carriage, Su He asked Niu Ben: "Three acids and two alkali are the cornerstones of the chemical industry. Through these five substances, they can react with most substances to form the chemical industry.
To what extent have you explored the chemical industry now?"
Niu Ben first explained to Su He the relatively mature use.
"Teacher, the relatively mature patented technologies in the chemical industry are coal chemicals, dyes and fertilizers.
We studied coal tar, a by-product of coke, and found many useful things in it.
There are also chemically synthesized dyes, which are more stable than natural dyes and are very low-cost.
Natural dyes can only produce simple patterns, and complex patterns cannot be dyed at all.
If you want complex patterns on clothes, choose a more expensive embroidery process.
Nowadays, a large number of printing and dyeing factories use the dyes we provide.
Complex patterns can be dyed, such as the Great Wall pattern on the military flag and the dragon pattern on your teacher's dress, which are all printed with chemical dyes.
Nowadays, military uniforms and police uniforms are printed with dyes, and the patterns are clearly layered.
The dye will not fade after being soaked in water for many times.
The cost is very low and very popular with the people.
In the three-acid-two-alkali industry, a large amount of potassium sulfate is produced as a by-product of nitric acid production.
It and saltpeter, also known as potassium nitrate, are very useful chemical fertilizers.
Through joint testing with the Institute of Agriculture, these types of chemical fertilizers are more fertile than biogas fertilizers.
These are the potassium fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizers, and phosphate fertilizer minerals that you mentioned. We have now found a large number of minerals.
It has been verified by the Institute of Agriculture that after using chemical fertilizers, crop yields will be greatly increased."
Niu Ben introduced some more things that he is exploring.
"Teacher, one of the most important purposes of our Chemistry Institute is to serve the military.
Continue to dig deeper into yellow explosives, while exploring gunpowder with stronger power and better performance.
Both black powder and yellow explosives have revealed that nitro is the key to gunpowder.
We use nitric acid to react with various substances while ensuring safety.
See if their products can be used as gunpowder.
In addition to military uses, we have also made some gains in other fields.
For some compounds that have been shown to be toxic to plant pathogens, we try to see if they can be used as pesticides.
Many effective pesticides and herbicides have been discovered.
Some medicines soaked in seeds have miraculous effects on preventing and curing certain plant diseases.
We are working with the Institute of Agriculture to explore the specific effects of these drugs.
Chinese herbal medicine or folk remedies, certain substances have miraculous effects in treating diseases.
For example, the folk remedy willow bark can treat certain skin diseases.
We have now discovered that the potent substance in willow bark is salicylic acid.
We are currently trying to see if we can synthesize this substance artificially.
Many substances produced by chemical reactions are not found in nature.
Exploring the properties of these substances can bring us a lot of fun.
Every time we discover a new substance, we feel very happy."
Niu Benn introduced many things to Su He that they were exploring in chemistry.
When Su He heard Niu Ben's introduction, he praised Niu Ben from time to time and pointed out some areas where he felt confused.
"Niuben, you don't just have to explore the compounds produced by various reactions.
We also need to conduct more in-depth exploration in chemical theory.
What I have described only scratches the surface of chemistry.
You should explore why this phenomenon occurs based on the new phenomenon you discovered.
You are the trailblazers, and you must find out the path ahead for future generations."
Niu Ben said excitedly: "Teacher, we have been doing this.
Some people are good at inventing new substances, while others are good at summarizing theories. We are all doing work that suits us.
The teacher has given us good directions, and we will gather everyone’s wisdom to explore chemistry.”
Su He smiled with satisfaction and said: "If the three-acid-two-alkali industrial system is well established, we can provide you with a large amount of raw materials at low prices.
Now is a period of scientific explosion. As long as you work hard, you will gain something in your own field.
I will never be stingy in rewarding you for the achievements you have made in chemistry.
Patented technology revenue sharing, noble titles and honors are all available.”
