As the applause fell, the simple but etiquette formation ceremony ended, and the grass platform team of the seven-tower device was officially established.
"Everyone, sit down wherever you want. I personally don't have any rules. Before I officially start the project, I will tell you something to clarify the concept of the word research and development." Yu Hua smiled, raised his right hand, raised his index finger, and pointed towards Lin Wan and others.
The man said slowly.
"R&D?"
Lin Wan and the others carefully pondered this familiar yet different word, their eyes focused on Yu Hua, waiting for answers to their questions.
"What is research and development? First of all, this word originated from abroad. The English word was originally Research & Development. Many domestic translations are research and development. In fact, the translation here is research and development, which is more appropriate. The definition of research in the scientific field is
Exploring the unknown, and development is defined as the systematic activity of creating new items through known science, technology and new knowledge." Yu Hua explained the concept of R&D seriously.
"Research and development..." Lin Wan's eyes suddenly lit up and she considered this explanation carefully.
Zhou Yuan and Fang Yu seemed to have understood something, a little ignorant, but also somewhat enlightened.
"R&D is divided into two types, science and technology R&D and technology R&D. The research on scientific principles, laws and theories is called basic research, while the applied research and development of science and technology is called applied R&D."
Yu Hua paused: "Technology research and development refers to systematic activities that transform scientific research results into products in order to substantially improve technology, products and services. Only by clarifying this concept can we have a good comprehensive understanding of the seven-tower device research and development project.
.”
"So, the seven-tower device is essentially a technology research and development, using known science and technology and new knowledge to create new things." Fang Yu thought carefully, thought about it, and turned to Yu Hua.
Yu Hua nodded: "Yes."
"Thank you, Lao Yu." At this moment, Zhou Yuan, whose mind finally turned around, glanced at Yu Hua, with a touch of emotion in his eyes, and thanked him.
Yu Hua's previous explanation of this work was by no means simple. It seemed like just a teaching. In fact, it was teaching them extremely valuable scientific research concepts.
This is teaching a man to fish!
"Don't talk about this, let's have a meeting." Yu Hua shook his head, and then started his first technical seminar as the team leader. The three of them sat at their corresponding desks and took out their notebooks and pens as if they were attending a lecture.
A good memory is worse than a bad pen. The knowledge written down on paper will not be lost.
The theme of the first technical seminar of the Caotai team was to clarify the key points of the research and development of the seven-tower device and divide their respective work accordingly.
In short, the difficult points are marked first, and then everyone divides the work according to the difficult points, and divides labor and cooperates to improve R&D efficiency.
"Xiaoyu, Lao Zhou, how well do you understand the sulfuric acid production process and the chemical industry?" When everyone was ready, Yu Hua turned his eyes to the two of them and asked.
"Generally, I only understand the general principles and chemical reaction formulas. I don't know the specific process and process of sulfuric acid production. I know the lead chamber and tower. In the chemical industry, it's okay. My textile factory is opposite the Wynn. I learned about the domestic chemical industry through Wynn
situation." Zhou Yuan answered truthfully.
Yu Hua nodded and looked at Fang Yu.
"I am very familiar with the sulfuric acid production process. The principle of the tower method is the same as that of the lead chamber method. It is divided into three steps. The first step is gas generation, the second step is oxidation, and the third step is absorption. The pyrite is powdered and heated at high temperature to generate sulfur dioxide.
The high-temperature gas is divided into two parts and enters the reaction tower. One part of the high-temperature gas enters the denitrification tower, and the other part enters the acid-forming tower. The gas reacted by the two towers merges and enters the second acid-forming tower together, where sulfur dioxide will be oxidized into three forms.
Oxidize sulfur and further generate sulfuric acid."
Fang Yu immediately took over and said slowly: "Next, it will be moderately oxidized in the oxidation tower to generate dinitrogen trioxide, and then processed in the spray nitrate absorption tower to remove nitrogen oxides, sulfur trioxide and water in the nitric sulfuric acid.
The contact generates crude dilute sulfuric acid with a concentration of about 76% to obtain concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98%, and then adding sulfur trioxide can produce a sulfuric acid product with a concentration of 100%."
expert.
After hearing Fang Yu's answer, Yu Hua immediately commented in his mind that he was indeed a genius who was as good as him in chemistry in school. He was indeed a genius.
Being able to understand the principles of the tower method and the general production process is much beyond ordinary people, but understanding the reaction formula and reaction process is not simple.
The highest concentration of sulfuric acid in industry is about 98%. As for 100% sulfuric acid, it is not actually a 'pure substance' by physical definition, but a sulfuric acid product obtained by adding sulfur trioxide to 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, which is called fuming sulfuric acid.
The concentration can not only reach 100%, but can even exceed this limit and reach 105%.
Fang Yu took a breath and continued: "The world's sulfuric acid industry has the most advanced technology in Germany, and the United States has the largest scale. Germany uses an improved contact production process. The specific catalyst and chemical formula are not clear, and the daily output is extremely high. I once
I read a chemical journal, which recorded that a single contact method equipment in a German chemical company's sulfuric acid plant can produce more than hundreds of tons per day, and the annual output of five contact method equipment can reach 200,000 tons. Americans use the contact method and
The tower method was improved in parallel. In 1930, the daily output of tower equipment was about 13 tons. The year before last, the tower equipment achieved a technological breakthrough of 15 tons. Yu Hua, I am very curious about where you achieved breakthroughs or improvements that allowed the tower method to achieve
Theoretical daily output of 22 tons."
His voice was full of curiosity.
Compared to Zhou Yuan who didn't know anything about it, Fang Yu's understanding of the chemical industry was no less than that of those senior people. He even used the high-end platform of Peking No. 4 Middle School to understand more in-depth things.
The pursuit of higher output of sulfuric acid has never stopped in the chemical industry of various countries. Since the birth of the tower process in 1911, countries around the world have been diligently seeking to improve the tower process in order to obtain more output. To this day,
American chemical companies took the lead in reaching new heights, with the tower production process achieving a daily output of 15 tons per piece of equipment.
But now, Yu Hua has actually built a 22-ton tower production equipment. She is really curious about where Yu Hua achieved a technological breakthrough that enabled the tower method to reach a production level comparable to the early contact method.
"Three places, first, pressurization and heating. Although the volume fraction of SO3 reaches 91% under normal pressure, increasing the pressure and temperature can still speed up the nitrification reaction. Second, I improved the production process and eliminated a
Add an acid-forming tower to the nitrate absorption tower. Third, add a boiling furnace to supply gas outside the reaction tower. After mathematical modeling calculations, the theoretical maximum 24-hour output is 22.1 tons. Jinyu, please take out the original blueprint and give it to Xiaoyu
Let's take a look." After glancing at Fang Yu who was full of knowledge, Yu Hua smiled, without giving in, directly told the core secret of the seven-tower device, and then said to Lin Wan.
"I see..." When Fang Yu heard the secret told by Yu Hua, his eyes suddenly lit up, and the previously puzzling place was finally reversed.
The secret of daily output of 22 tons is actually this...
Simple!
"Xiaoyu, here." Lin Wan took out the well-kept original blueprint from her backpack and handed it to Fang Yu.
Fang Yu quickly took the original blueprint and opened it. A beautiful mechanical blueprint like a work of art came into view. The core design of Yu's seven towers was revealed, three acid towers, two denitrification towers, and one
A boiling furnace, coupled with increased pressure and temperature, increases the reaction rate.
In Fang Yu's opinion, the entire design is simple and easy to use, and is simply ingenious.
"This is a mathematical model of the seven-tower device. I like to talk with mathematics and don't like to brag." Immediately afterwards, Yu Hua took out a piece of manuscript paper from his backpack and handed it to Zhou Yuan.
On the manuscript paper, the mathematical model of the seven-tower device described in mathematical language is recorded. The entire sulfuric acid production output and process can be calculated mathematically.
And this is the real soul of the seven-tower device, and it is no less important than the original blueprint of Yu's seven towers.
In the field of science and technology, the key way to tell whether the other party is bragging is to let him describe his idea in mathematical language. If he can describe it, then the idea will become a conjecture.
If you can't describe it, I'm sorry, I'll give it a try.