The establishment of organizational structure is the basis of all administration. After the cabinet expansion, the already tight office space of Wenyuan Pavilion was obviously not enough. Zhu Yijun expanded and renovated some palace rooms in Xiyuan Nanhai, separated them by palace walls, and named them
It is called the "Zhengshi Hall" and serves as the new office location of the cabinet.
Wenyuan Pavilion, the original office of the cabinet in the Forbidden City, was vacated and used as the office of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The attendant's office under the Ministry of Internal Affairs is still in the Yangxin Hall.
With such a change, the space of the cabinet has also changed its original purpose, and all civil and military officials can clearly see that Zhang Juzheng, who used to be a bachelor with the title of "prepare for advisors", actually serves as the Prime Minister. Today.
Zhang Taiyue, who moved into the political hall, has already achieved "according to name and reality". Prime Minister and Cabinet Minister Zhang Juzheng is in charge of the power of the former prime minister.
The institutional confusion of government orders greatly strengthened the authority of the cabinet and gave Zhang Juzheng the legal power to control the government. It can be said that in addition to military power, judicial power and personnel power above the rank of minister were personally controlled by the emperor. Zhang Juzheng's
The importance of authority ranks at the forefront among the prime ministers of all dynasties.
Different from the political system of the old Song Dynasty, the Zhengshitang was not merged from Zhongshu Menxia Province, nor was it parallel to the six ministries, but directly managed the nine ministries after the reform. The government of Prime Minister Zhang Juzheng was also in charge of the Ministry of Rites and the Ministry of Personnel.
Establish several deputy prime ministers to be in charge of other ministries:
Lu Tiaoyang is in charge of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Education; Wang Guoguang is in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce, which was formed by merging the functions of the Du Branch, Post Office Administration Department and the former Ministry of Industry and Household Affairs; Zhang Siwei is in charge of the Ministry of Criminal Affairs and the Ministry of Construction and Transportation.
The six ministries were transformed into nine ministries, and while power was dispersed, the original four temples were centralized: Taichang Temple and Honglu Temple were merged into the Ministry of Rites; Guanglu Temple was merged into the Ministry of Internal Affairs; Taipu Temple was merged into Yi Zheng
department.
In addition to the above changes, the names of Dali Temple and the Metropolitan Procuratorate have not changed, but their functions have been further expanded and are not under the jurisdiction of the cabinet. They are at the same level as the Nine Ministers and are directly under the emperor's jurisdiction;
The General Affairs Department, which originally belonged to the auxiliary department, was abolished, and its functions were divided into two, with part assigned to the Chamber of Attendants and part assigned to the cabinet; the name and functions of the Hanlin Academy remained unchanged, and was under the joint jurisdiction of the emperor and the cabinet; the Imperial College was under the Ministry of Education;
Renfu, the name of Zhanshifu, and its functions remain unchanged.
In the entire reform, the most troublesome thing for Zhu Yijun was the six subjects: this powerful gripper of feudal centralization would be inconsistent in any sequence, and would bring about inefficiency in the operation of the court.
Finally, after repeated thinking, Zhu Yijun could not give up the error correction device and pressure reducing valve of the government, so the name of the six subjects remained unchanged and the functions were expanded: Zhu Yijun separated the daily management work of the imperial administrative management system and institutional reform as well as institutional establishment from the Ministry of Personnel
, and placed it in the Sixth Section—the Office of the Establishment Committee in later generations.
Facts have proved that the reform of the Six Sections has become the finishing touch in the transformation of the entire organization - it has played a decisive role in the overlapping functions of the new ministries and the confirmation of the authority list.
...
After Zhang Juzheng returned to Beijing, he took over such a new court that had put up a front and gradually began to get along. After the political affairs hall hosted several enlarged cabinet meetings attended by ministers from various ministries, he was determined to take the world as his own responsibility.
Zhang Juzheng, who can live up to his ambitions, has a feeling of being able to use his fingers like an arm - he no longer has any constraints when giving orders, and he no longer has to do a lot of communication and coordination work like before!
Because the imperial court after the reform stipulated the "executive head responsibility system", which is the saying that "the first level of officialdom crushes people to death", the subordinates only need to carry out the orders of the superiors. If the orders of the superiors only have outlines, the subordinates still have some room to play;
If your superiors' orders are detailed - just obey them and carry them out.
If the capabilities of other prime ministers and chief assistants can be regarded as heavy oil engines on aircraft carriers, Zhang Juzheng is like a nuclear reactor. He used to need a lot of lubricating oil and coolant to work, but now he does not. He finally found the best solution in the new political system
In the right position, he only needs to listen to reports, read materials, hold meetings, research, analyze, think - give orders, and everyone will obey!
Now Zhang Juzheng no longer has the restriction of leaving the palace at night and going home to work overtime - he can live in the Zhengshi Hall. Like him, everyone in the Zhengshi Hall can break through the restrictions of the palace and work unlimited overtime in the Zhengshi Hall.
As a result, there are three places in the capital that are brightly lit at night. The first two are Jiaofangsi Hutong and the Daily News Agency, and the new one is the Zhengshi Hall.
...
The first important task that Zhang Juzheng implemented in the sixth year of Wanli was to hold a clan meeting in accordance with the emperor's plan at the beginning of the fifth year of Wanli.
For this meeting, the clan government and the emperor have been building momentum for more than half a year, with remarkable results. Moreover, with the assassination of Zhang Wenming in the second half of the year, many thorny clans were taken care of by the Jin Yiwei, which greatly reduced the resistance to clan reform.
Among them, several princes and county princes who usually spoke nonsense at home and attacked the New Deal and the Reform were included in the list of rectifications, and their homes were confiscated. This time, the clan was completely suppressed.
These clans whose families were expelled from the country were most dissatisfied with the New Deal and the reform. In fact, it was not the emperor's reform edict, but Zhu Yijun's failure to consider the interests of the clan during the salt policy reform. The salt policy reform allowed them to earn income from reselling salt.
, not to mention his whereabouts, Zhu Yijun actually excluded the clan members from the scope of purchasing salt works, which made these clan members already angry.
However, getting angry is just incompetent rage. As Zhu Yijun and Zhang Juzheng judged when studying the clan issue, after more than two hundred years of waste development, the Ming Dynasty can no longer produce the princes of the Jingnan period. For the central court,
If Zhu Yijun is shameless, he can use force to get rid of these burdens.
Of course, among the clans, there are also Qanchengs of the country such as Zhu Zaiyu and his son. For capable clans, Zhu Yijun has to reuse them as imperial vassals.
More importantly, Zhu Yijun also wanted to use the clan to promote the development of Ming Dynasty's industrialization as soon as possible.
As of the beginning of the sixth year of Wanli, many production-oriented enterprises of the Ming Dynasty had been born under the cultivation of Tianji Pavilion. However, the wealthy clans held a large amount of capital but did not invest it to make profits, which was a huge financial cost loss - this is also
An important reason why Zhang Juzheng decided to use the clan reform to initiate the reform.
Zhang Juzheng led the cabinet and the Ministry of Rites to prepare the clan meeting to achieve two main goals: first, to make the clan accept the political arrangement of downgrading and ascending the rank. Second, to lure out the money in their hands and use it as a tool for the development of industry and commerce in the Ming Dynasty.
of start-up capital.
To achieve these two goals, of course, we cannot rely on the consciousness of the clan. After repeated discussions with Zhu Yijun, Zhang Juzheng decided to take a multi-pronged approach. First, he used the eight gangsters as bait to divide and disintegrate the clan so that they could not unite to resist;
The second is to use the Neifu Industrial and Commercial Group to divest non-core businesses and at the same time come up with good things to encourage clan investment.
As for the reason for convening the clan meeting, Zhu Yijun said: "The queen had a checkup two years ago and found that she is pregnant. With such a happy event, the clan members can come to the capital and walk around."