Concubine Qi died when the roof of Bailu Palace in Xiyuan collapsed, causing an uproar in the court. Zhu Heng knelt outside the gate of Bailu Palace that day, but was not summoned by the Queen Mother or the emperor.
Zhang Juzheng asked Zhu Heng to return to his ministry and ask for punishment on his own. Zhu Heng had a tough character and often argued with Zhang Juzheng, which was not liked by Zhang Juzheng. In the first year of Wanli, Yang Bo resigned from the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and Ge Shouli and Zhu Heng agreed.
The deputy chief and deputy intended to seize the position during the court election, but was defeated by Zhang Juzheng and Wang Han.
This time, a corruption case occurred in Xiyuan Building. Zhang Juzheng wanted to take this opportunity to drive Zhu Heng out of the court. Therefore, when he met Zhu Yijun, he did not say a word of relief.
Zhu Heng was good at water conservancy, but his views had long been at odds with Pan Jixun, an expert on river management. In the forty-fifth year of Jiajing and the first year of Longqing, he had two conflicts with Pan Jixun on the management of the Yellow River.
Pan Jixun's philosophy of river management is to "reinforce water to attack sand" and "accumulate clear water and clear away muddy water", focusing on clearing and completing river channels and eradicating water transportation congestion; Zhu Heng's philosophy is "replacing the old with the new", opening new river channels, and striving to maintain
Mainly water transport.
The two men's dirty opinions on river management gradually evolved into mutual criticism, and they separately reported their own river management plans to the court. Zhu Heng defeated Pan Jixun twice in the court and gained the initiative to control the river.
After Baocao was promoted to Minister of Industry, Pan Jixun, as Zhu Heng's deputy, was also promoted. Later, Ding You returned home.
In the fourth year of Longqing's reign, the Yellow River reached its junction with Pizhou and Suining. Pan Ji and Ding Youqi restored the river channel and blocked the gap. The imperial court had not yet rewarded him, but due to an accident involving the sinking of a transport ship, Luo Zun was impeached and dismissed from office during the investigation of the river survey.
In the early days of Longqing, Zhang Juzheng once supported Zhu Heng's idea of river management. However, the Yellow River burst in the fourth year of Longqing greatly shaken Zhang Juzheng.
In the following years, because Zhu Heng opposed him many times in court, Zhang Juzheng extended a helping hand to Pan Jixun in the early first year of Wanli and planned to restore Pan Jixun's river channel, but Zhu Heng boycotted and failed.
After Zhu Yijun gradually came to power, Zhang Juzheng recommended Pan Jixun to Zhu Yijun. Are there any future history lovers who don't know Pan Jixun's famous name? Zhu Yijun originally planned to appoint Pan Jixun immediately, but changed his mind.
He asked Zhang Juzheng to allocate Zhu Shitai to bribe five thousand silver, and ordered Pan Jixun to organize a team to conduct research in the entire basin of the Yellow River, Huaihe River and canal, comprehensively consider the five aspects of controlling the Yellow River, regulating the Huaihe River, protecting transportation, protecting the ancestors' mausoleums, and protecting people's livelihood, and came up with
Comprehensive treatment plan. When the Ningcuidian case occurred, Pan Jixun was still investigating near Hongze Lake in Sizhou.
When the Xiyuan corruption case broke out, a group of officials from the imperial court and Zhongke Dao attacked Zhu Heng. Zhang Juzheng had no intention of protecting the balance. He was uneasy about his position and wrote consecutive letters to resign in early April of the second year of Wanli. Zhu Yijun did not increase his position as usual, nor did he approve it.
Chiyi immediately dismissed him from office.
Zhu Heng packed his bags and left the capital in despair. Guo Chaobin, the Minister of Household Affairs, picked up the Minister of Works.
The Xiyuan corruption case caused the death of the concubine and shocked the capital. In order to calm public opinion, the imperial court exempted the minister and sentenced Yang Song, a foreign minister from the Ministry of Industry, to be hanged. The officials involved in the case from the Ministry of Industry, more than 40 officials and three departments, were all sentenced to death after a joint trial.
They were beheaded and their homes ransacked, and the remaining thirty people were ransacked and exiled.
Because Wang Li, the young eunuch of Zhidian Prison, accepted bribes and put his superior's safety at risk. On the third day after Dongchang obtained the confession, Zhu Yijun directly sentenced him to beheaded without a joint trial by the three departments, and ordered all departments and prison chiefs above the junior eunuch to watch.
punishment.
Yin Xiang, the leader of the Zhidian Supervisor, failed to supervise well and was involved in accepting bribes, so he was sent to Xiaoling. The other Zhidian Supervisors related to the construction of Xiyuan Palace were either killed or expelled.
There was a massive killing, which was shocking inside and outside the palace. Zhu Yijun went on a grand parade in the first month of the year and beheaded several nobles. Some of the nobles thought it was the emperor who had harmed the Xun family.
After seeing the fate of Wang Li, Yang Song and others this time, not only the nobles, but also the courtiers and the common people knew that this emperor was a murderer.
Although there were no major cases like those of Taizu and Chengzu, the spring of the second year of Wanli had not passed yet, and the heads that had been killed were enough to build a small temple.
Suddenly, thousands of people in the world were in silence. The examination method that was still stumbling last year was completely implemented. All ministries and departments raised their five-year plans and this year's tasks for the second year of Wanli.
On the first day of April in the second year of Wanli, Ge Shouli no longer fell ill. The first thing he did when he went to work was to submit a memorial to the Xingge Metropolitan Procuratorate.
Zhang Juzheng posted a yellow "Please Holy Judge", Zhu Yijun said a red "Yes", and ordered Ge Shouli to elaborate and repeat the reform plan. Later, he ordered the censor and the emperor to issue an imperial edict, which was difficult to understand, and the Metropolitan Procuratorate carried out a large-scale reform.
...
Taizu of the Ming Dynasty was born in poverty and was deeply aware of the corruption in the late Yuan Dynasty. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he governed the country with heavy codes and established the most rigorous inspection and supervision network in history. The Metropolitan Procuratorate was the core of this inspection and supervision network.
The functions of the Metropolitan Procuratorate are divided into internal duties, external duties and local inspection divisions.
The internal staff is in charge of writing records in the two capitals, inspecting the capital camps, inspecting the capital's warehouses, the imperial city, the Five Cities Military and Horse Department, etc.
The foreign official is the censor who goes out on patrol, and is divided into two categories: special messengers and patrol supervisors. They are mainly responsible for inspecting local areas and have the power to "report requests for major matters and make decisions on minor matters."
The Inspection Department is a fixed local supervisory organ. Except for Nanjing, there are thirteen Inspection Departments. The Inspection Envoy and the Chief Envoy are all three giants in the province, and they are in charge of the investigation of criminal names in a province.
Zhu Yuanzhang's original intention was to add local supervision to central inspections, and build a national anti-corruption and supervision system with the Metropolitan Procuratorate as the core, so as to ensure that the Ming Dynasty was free of corruption. However, things went against his wishes. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, the Metropolitan Procuratorate had already been criticized for its system and overall
The reason for the corruption of government officials is that they have basically lost the ability to conduct anti-corruption supervision. An important reason is the systemic shortcomings.
Under the Ming Dynasty, although the Zuo Du Censor was the head of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, he had no power to appoint or remove the Supervisory Censor, only the power to assign tasks.
After the Supervisory Censor inspects the case, his memorials shall not be heard by the Zuodu Censor. This method is to foster Taijian's style of handling cases independently and to strengthen his character.
In the early days of this system, it was true that many Taiwanese admonishers were born who forgot their country and their family and were loyal to themselves. However, as time went by, the place of Taijian became a shortcut for promotion. Each of the officials who were responsible for the admonishment had their benefactors, and their internal positions became the dynasty's.
The thugs raised by the central ministers and tools for power and profit; the foreign ministers became corrupt officials who used the power of the emperor to disturb the local government; the local prosecutors, not to mention, became the source of unjust, false and wrong cases.
"History of the Ming Dynasty" commented on the admonishment of Ju Jingshi: "Everyone has his own way of speaking. Therefore, at that time, it was not that he did not speak, but that his words were rambling and inappropriate, and his heart was not selfless. The more he said, the better.
If there are too many, the affairs of the country will become more confusing."
As for the special missions and inspection tours carried out by foreign ministers, it became a common practice for local officials to prepare their own "recommendation money" when accepting inspections after the mid-Ming Dynasty.
The imperial censor officials in charge of foreign affairs use the amount of "recommendation money" to write inspection and investigation reports - which not only catalyzes corruption, but also becomes the cause of chaos in the administration of officials.
In response to these shortcomings, in the reform of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, although there are still left Du censors, right Du censors, deputy left and right censors, Qian Du censors and thirteen Taoist officials, the responsibilities and powers have undergone tremendous changes.
One is to expand the number of censors, changing the old rule of having one person in each department and two dedicated censors, to eight to ten people in each department being responsible for the censors, and setting up one chief censor and one deputy censor in Qiandu.
The censor's memorial must be signed by the censor of Qiandu before it can be reported. The censor of Qiandu is the rectifier of the censor of the province and is responsible for the results of the inspection.
Second, change the old rules of the censor's "hearing and reporting", and divide the Jinyiwei department into thirteen inspection departments, each with thirty people. They are set up under the thirteen censors. The censor must use the Jinyiwei for review.
The audit department will verify the evidence before reporting it.
Third, change the old rules where the responsibilities of the censor are unclear. Each censor is responsible for correcting and inspecting matters in his own lane, and must not cross the line. If any clues or reports are received from other lanes, they must be sent to the censor of Zuodu, who will be assigned to
The pipeline is verified and investigated.
Fourth, in addition to the left and right censors, a total of four deputy censors of the left and right cities are in charge of thirteen roads, and the content of their responsibilities is decided by the censor of the left city. The report of the censor's participation in the memorial must be signed by the deputy censor of the capital before it can become a memorial;
These people are also responsible for the correctness and authenticity of the memorial.
Fifth, the censor of Youdu is the sole leader of the Supervisory Road and supervises the internal affairs of the Censorship Court. If the censor of each road discovers any violation of regulations by the censor of another road or the censor of his own road, he can report it to the censor of Youdu. The censor of Youdu and the supervisory road
He has no right to participate in other affairs of the Metropolitan Procuratorate.
Sixth, the Censor of the Left Capital is in charge of the Procuratorate of the Capital. In addition to the Censor of the Right Capital, he has the right to impeach the Censor of the Deputy Capital and below. If the Censor of the Deputy Capital and below are impeached by the Censor of the Left Capital, they will be dismissed.
Seventh, to change the old rule that censors must be recommended by high-ranking officials of third rank or above. Direct selection from Jinshi and officials waiting to be elected. The Metropolitan Procuratorate listed the "Da Ming Code", "General Regulations of the Constitution", "Regulations on Correcting Official Evil", "
There are more than ten reference books such as "Articles of Observance of Supervisors". Candidates can serve as censors if they pass the law examination and go through a collective interview with the Metropolitan Procuratorate and deputy imperial envoy or above.
In this reform of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, there are now censors and admonishing officials who are both happy and worried. On the one hand, they have mastered the subordinate power of the Jinyiwei Inspection Section, and their status in the imperial court has surpassed other ministries in one fell swoop, and their power has greatly increased.
On the other hand, the expansion of the censorship team and the loss of the independent right to participate in impeachment has reduced the value of the "clear selection" of censors, and has blocked their way to seek personal advancement with their special status. Generally speaking, the grassroots level of the Metropolitan Procuratorate
For the censors, the addition of Jinyiwei did not excite them, but the loss of independence hit their weakness.
Therefore, although Zhu Yijun's massive killings shocked the officials and people all over the world, the censors, who were known as "hard-core", still set off the first countercurrent since Zhu Yijun came to power.1603459757