Tang Mingshi, who was fighting against the barbarians, discovered that God seemed to be playing a joke on him.
His army took the risk of being shelled and walked 40 steps in front of the enemy. He thought he could defeat the enemy with a large number of light artillery, but the enemy actually brought out densely packed eagle guns from behind the mound?
If I had known earlier, he wouldn’t have come!
The technology tree of individual muskets in the Ming Dynasty has a clear main line, starting from the earliest Huomen blunderbuss, to the bird blunderbuss copied from the Wanli year in the Jiajing year, to the eagle blunderbuss copied and directly installed in the Chongzhen year.< /p >
The development of the Huomen gun has been relatively long, and we have independently invented the multi-short-barreled Huomen three-eye gun, a fast gun with a bayonet.
The prototype of the bird gun is the Portuguese light matchlock gun, and it was imitated along with the Fran machine. On this basis, Qi Jiguang and Zhao Shizhen, as representatives, innovated multi-long barrel muskets, thunder guns, and Fran machine-type electric muskets. Introduced the Ottoman style matchlock gun Rumi.
Here, Qi Jiguang's role was to improve granular gunpowder and promote it on a large scale, increasing the power of gunpowder.
After Qi Jiguang, the burning rate of granular gunpowder was slower and more controllable. With the same powder charge, the barrel pressure endured by the barrel at the same time was smaller than that of powder gunpowder, creating a basis for higher charges and stronger power. possible.
At the same time, the musket charges in Western countries were one-half or one-third of the weight of the ammunition. The musket charges in the Ming Dynasty were the same weight as the ammunition.
On this basis, the Lumi blunderbuss, which is more finely crafted, has the title of being the farthest and most poisonous, because it is more finely crafted, and its appearance and caliber are no different from those of bird blunderbuss. The only difference is that its barrel is longer. , so it can hit farther and more powerfully.
The price is that the price of a bird gun is seven to one tael of silver, and the price of a Lumi gun is even higher, one or two taels of silver.
The above is the progress of musket technology up to the Wanli period.
The turtle dove gun or the eagle gun is a new thing for the Ming army. The biggest difference is that its caliber has changed. This is the name for the Spanish heavy musket. It was a new thing that was not equipped until the end of the Apocalypse and the early years of Chongzhen.
Tang Mingshi's understanding of heavy muskets came from the fact that he led troops into the Wei Dynasty in the third year of Chongzhen. At that time, Sun Yuanhua, the governor, came to equip the new army. Following the red barbarians, he transferred 200 imitation Spanish heavy muskets from Guangdong.
Turtle dove and eagle gun are two names for the same gun. Eagle gun is derived from the literal translation of Xu Guangqi, and turtle dove gun is derived from the free translation of sparrow hawk by Wang Zunde, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. Soldiers or officials who do not understand Western languages are commonly called large bird guns.
There is also Xiong Wencan, the governor of Fujian who recruited Zheng Zhilong. He called this turtle dove's musket because the turtle dove's claws have three toes, and the middle claw is particularly long, like the fork of a Spanish heavy musket.
In short, these terms refer to heavy muskets based on Spanish heavy muskets, which are mainly different from smaller caliber muskets.
At that time, the turtle dove gun had been imitated regularly in the capital. As a supplement to the individual firepower of the newly trained army, the army was equipped with the bird gun at a ratio of one to five. The imperial court hoped to use this thing to restore the Liao Dynasty.
Although at the time he believed that such large-caliber muskets might not be very useful against the Mongols, the main opponents in the northwest defense zone, watching soldiers practice with turtle dove guns and the huge power brought by their large caliber and large charge still convinced Tang Mingshi to use turtle dove guns. Very impressed.
At that time, Tang Mingshi thought in his mind that if this thing was effective against Hou Jin, then by the time he took office in Jiliao, the army would have been equipped on a large scale.
It is a pity that the Turtle Dove Guns had a bad start in the Ming Dynasty. The new army that Sun Yuanhua worked hard to train became a rebel because of a chicken in Wuqiao, Jingzhou, Hejian Prefecture. The fortress of Western learning in the east border that he created was beaten to a pulp in the war. To pieces, the first large number of troops equipped with turtledove guns were almost annihilated by our own army, leaving only ten thousand remnants of the defeated generals who crossed the sea and invested money.
Due to these origins, in the subconscious mind of Tang Mingshi, the Eagle Gun and the Shandong Rebels were equated.
He never expected that he would see organized rebels using heavy guns in Gansu. The equipment rate of these heavy guns seemed to be much higher than that of the rebels!
However, on the front line that was 70 to 80 paces wide, on the earthen ramparts that were half a man high, there were nearly 200 heavy muskets set up in the front, and there were clearly two rows of soldiers waiting for rounds behind them. Tang Mingshi had no time to distinguish between the heavy muskets and the heavy muskets. The people holding the guns together are already making their intestines turn green with regret.
In fact, he was not the most panicked person on the battlefield. The commander-in-chief of the left wing of the Zhenyi Ranger Battalion, named Cao Yingxuan, was also a general who had seen eagles and muskets. He was leading the left wing to push the commander forward when he suddenly saw the marshal's heavy muskets. He immediately Urge the horse to rush towards the Chinese army.
But before the people arrived, the first round of heavy gunfire from the Marshal's Army had already arrived.
At the moment when the heavy muskets were fired, Tang Mingshi, who was riding a horse in the Chinese army, felt confused... The gunfire and gunpowder smoke spurted out were much less than he imagined. Two hundred heavy muskets should not be the only sound.
But he couldn't help but wonder at the next moment. Large lead pellets weighing one to two five cents were sprayed out, making a frightening scream in the air. In an instant, they sprayed in front of the Zhenyi Army formation, causing the sound of large wooden boards shattering.< /p>
Shields and armors were vulnerable in front of this thing. In just a moment, Tang Mingshi saw dozens of soldiers falling to the ground. Different from the large wailing and crying after being hit by bird cannons, the soldiers hit by this thing The vast majority are unable to scream at all.
General Qian Cao Yingxuan rushed into the Chinese army. His mount's head was penetrated by a lead bullet. The inertia of the heavy body of the war horse brought him forward a few steps. The moment he fell, General Cao Qian rolled in. Chinese Army.
"General, retreat quickly!"
"Get out of here!"
Tang Mingshi said angrily: "If you take a step back, we will die without a burial place!"
He knows best that what the army is facing at this time is not the most dangerous situation. The most dangerous situation is that they start to retreat.
He didn't know the parameters of the marshal's heavy gun, but if the eagle gun slightly raised the muzzle, it could hit lead bullets 200 paces away. Although there was no accuracy at that distance, his army would face difficulties during the retreat.
The threat of death makes it difficult to maintain formation.
This is a simple calculation question.
Maintaining the formation, 200 steps is enough for the enemy to finish off the three rows of rounds. They will have to pay close to 200 casualties. Even if the formation is not broken up, the soldiers will not be willing to approach the enemy again and can only retreat.<
/p>
If you cannot maintain the formation, you will still have to withstand three rows of rounds of fire, suffering more than 150 casualties, losing the protection of the military formation, and being trampled and driven by enemy cavalry. Once the collapse is formed, it will be difficult to gather troops again.
Therefore, Tang Mingshi judged that the best choice at this time was to engage in a firefight with the enemy, rely on the advantage of the rate of fire at close range to suppress the enemy, and try not to let the enemy shoot and affect the enemy's reloading.
They cannot defend against muskets, but they can use offense to weaken the enemy's attack.
His sight swept across his own military formation. The Zhenyi Army that had endured the first round of shooting was not greatly moved. After he ordered the change of formation, the flags of the three columns were waved. Behind each column, there were hundreds of commanders leading the troops, with hundreds of people.
Horizontal formations fill the gaps between columns, turning columns into horizontal formations.
Tang Mingshi did the calculation problem very well and got the correct answer under the current conditions.
The problem is that his known conditions are wrong.
There were 200 muskets in the first row in front of the marshal's formation, but the volley only hit thirty or forty people. Why?
Because Tang Tong leads the standard Thousand Headquarters of the Marshal's Mansion field camp, the minimum establishment is not what, but what is the following four three-person teams with first battle and second assistants that are very characteristic of the Lion Battalion.
During the Lion Camp era, most of the auxiliary soldiers who came from the peasant army did not have the physical fitness to play with strong bows, and were often equipped with three-eyed blunderbuss and bird blunderbuss. Only combat soldiers used war bows.
In the field camp era, the Marshal's Mansion had its own arsenal, capable of producing firearms on a large scale, and the auxiliary soldiers also had the ability to be combat soldiers after serving for several years. Nowadays, the auxiliary soldiers use cold weapons and war bows, and the auxiliary soldiers use cold weapons and war bows.
Instead, they are large-caliber firearms.
Because the self-made firearms of the Marshal's Mansion have a heavy weight, the gun weighs fifteen kilograms and the gun weighs thirty kilograms.
Therefore, their firearms equipment rate is only 30%, which means that the entire Thousand Headquarters only has 400 muskets, each equipped with a carrying gun and three heavy guns.
Three hundred heavy muskets formed a loose three-row salvo formation, which meant that only one hundred heavy muskets were fired at the same time.
Of the two hundred heavy muskets that Tang Mingshi saw, one hundred of them did not fire immediately because they loaded ammunition too slowly, so they fired in rounds instead of volleys.
After the heavy cannons fired in unison, the heavy cannon soldiers in the front row retreated, allowing the second row of cannon soldiers to catch up.
It can be seen that the heavy musketeers of the Marshal's Army are standing in a gap, with each heavy musketeer surrounded by a gun bearer.
Because the heavy muskets of the Marshal's Mansion are still matchlock muskets, it is not safe to form a dense formation, and the guns are carried using flintlock muskets. Moreover, there is a tripod mounted on the vehicle, which can provide good separation in the horizontal formation.
Fire rope.
In the process of the heavy gunners changing ranks, the guns were raised one after another from left to right, and one after another, through the smoke of gunpowder that was still dissipating, the huge guns were fired towards the enemy's formation.
This makes it appear that just listening to the sound, the marshal's gunfire is scattered, as if the soldiers' training is poor.
But in fact, this is precisely the result of their extremely high level of training, so that they can combine volley shooting and rotation shooting well.
The Zhenyi Army on the other side, which suffered casualties, did not stand still and took the beating. The three columns quickly expanded into five columns, with a wider width than the Marshal's Army. They also formed three deep columns and fought back with muskets. p>
I have to say that their volleys are much stronger than the marshal's army.
The Zhenyi Army deployed long cards to form a basic defense facility. The gunmen in the front row used three-eye blunderbuss, while the gunmen in the back row used small-caliber bird muskets such as Lumi and Qingdian. They also used forty gates of gushing beads to destroy
The prisoners conducted close range bombardments.
Dozens of pellets from the gushing cannon were sprayed in front of the formation, which could always injure or even kill several soldiers even though they were separated by the earth barrier; the three prisoner-killing cannons on the trolley took turns to fire and bombarded non-stop, each time a kilogram of pellets would be fired.
The lead bullets blasted into the earthen ramparts, easily breaking through the wooden boards and knocking the earthen ramparts filled with wet sand to the point of collapse.
In contrast, eight Lion Cannons sprayed dense amounts of lead pellets and iron bullets at close range at one light gun group after another.
Every once in a while, the cannons of the two invincible generals of the Suppressing Yi Army ejected five hundred pellets; the heavy artillery in the marshal's formation also roared, retaliating with 1,300 iron bullets, sweeping the entire battery of artillery pieces away. The huge firepower of both sides covered the middle of the battlefield with smoke that could not be dispersed. After just a few exchanges of fire, no one could aim. People could only mechanically repeat the same actions over and over again, shooting into the smoke and being broken through.
Hit by stray bullets in the smoke.
Amidst the continuous roar of guns and artillery, the 300 horsemen on the right side of the Zhenyi Army tried to launch an attack on the flank of Tang Tong's army to help the Chinese army defeat the enemy. However, they did not expect that more than 100 soldiers on the flank of the Marshal's Army were armed with spears, spears and strong bows.
He prepared his troops carefully, but not only failed to attack the military formation, but also lost an adult.
The horse army just wanted to launch an attack, but did not really dare to rush forward. What they were afraid of was not the numerous spears and spears, but the constant firing of guns and artillery fire by their own side.
Those stray bullets almost formed a dense line of gunfire, tightly wrapping the left wing of the marshal's formation, not to mention there was a trench that the horses could not cross.
But the musket line that the Zhenyi cavalry was afraid of seemed to be just that to the marshal's soldiers.
After withstanding the first few rounds of shooting, Wai Liangzi suddenly discovered that the Ming army's firepower consisting of three-eyed blunderbuss and bird blunderbuss continued non-stop, but the front line of the military formation was also obscured by gunpowder smoke, and the lead bullets fired at them seemed...
It seems like there are fewer and fewer.
He bravely stood up and looked at the battlefield in front of the two armies. The gunshots coming from the enemy formations did not weaken, but it seemed that because of the smoke, the Ming army gunners could only shoot based on feeling.
Of course, there were still a lot of lead bullets fired towards their formation, but there were also a lot of lead bullets that hit the ground, the sky, and the left and right sides of the military formation.
As the firepower of the Marshal's Army continued to be very weak, they almost fired three rounds of volleys, then paused for a while, and only fired scattered rifles, and then fired three more rounds of volleys.
But they shot very accurately, and even the soldiers aimed consciously during the volley. Except for raising their gunners, the soldiers were almost not too nervous.
After all, during the round firing process, the soldiers actually only need to step forward and fire a gun, and it is only dangerous when firing the gun. However, because the gunman is always in front of the formation, he is more nervous than an ordinary gunman who uses a heavy gun. p>
In the continuous gunfire, Wai Liangzi noticed that the enemy's gunfire became more and more sporadic. Each volley seemed to have fewer and fewer muskets, and the two invincible generals gradually became silent. He ran back to the center excitedly.
The army, facing the Tang Dynasty: "General, the enemy seems to be out of gunpowder. Charge them and defeat them?"
Unexpectedly, Tang Tong, who was holding a silk shell bag, reacted very calmly.
He shook his head and said: "They lied to you, keep fighting until they retreat, don't attack."
Tang Tong was very familiar with this trick. When they attacked, the two invincible generals of the Ming Army would hit them in the face.
This is a manifestation of finding that there is no advantage in shooting, and the Guizhou donkey is trying to make a comeback.
As he spoke, Tang Tong spread out the silk medicine bag in his hand on the ground, and sprinkled 1,300 small lead pellets on the plain silk. He pointed at the small lead pellets and said: "Dismantle five cannonballs and give the powder to
The blunderbuss hand is sent down, and each time the bludgeon is inserted, three pellets are inserted."
Wai Liangzi said in confusion: "The weight of the bullet is only two or four!"
"It's okay. They are close and will not affect the range." Tang Tong shook his head and grabbed a handful of loose powder and handed it to Wai Liangzi: "Hit a few more people!"