Chen Qun determined very early that Liu Bei was not only a powerful warrior, but also a political genius at the political level.
He was the only political genius who could propose serious political reforms and implement them, so he believed that Liu Bei had the value of assisting and following him and even paying some of his benefits.
When the family was not optimistic about Liu Bei, Chen Qun fought against everyone's opinion and wanted to follow Liu Bei, and took the initiative to go to Luoyang to follow him. When the family questioned Liu Bei's policies, Chen Qun fought against everyone's opinion and asked the family to pay some benefits and continue to follow Liu Bei.
footsteps.
Now, after seeing the strategic concept proposed by Liu Bei, he felt itchy in his heart and wanted to see how Liu Bei envisioned future reforms. So he left immediately and left holding the plan like a treasure.
He went to Liu Bei's study and returned to his job.
Chen Qun was very interested in these two names, the Imperial Examination and the Law of Nine-Rank Officials.
In the past, the system for selecting and appointing officials was the imperial examination system, but now it is the imperial examination system. So what exactly does this imperial examination system mean?
With expectations and doubts, Chen Qun opened the book in front of him and began to read carefully.
Oh, it turns out that Ke means scientific examination, and Ju means selecting outstanding talents based on the results of scientific examination.
Generally speaking, it is to abandon the system of relying on people's recommendation to become an official in the Chaju system, abandon the system of selecting talents with filial piety and integrity, and supplement the series of patches made by the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Chaju system over a long period of time.
Strong, straightened.
When the imperial examination system developed later, it was not the initial method of appointing talents solely by relying on local governors and governors to select talents. Instead, the concepts of examination and review were gradually introduced.
For the imperial court, the examination was an inevitable response from the first time it was discovered that the talents who had been promoted were a little fishy.
The local government has its own little jiujiu, and the imperial court is not a fool. It is impossible for it to hand over the central government's high-level political resources to those related households so easily. They also have related households. Who do you think the old man from your place is?
The government re-examination system introduced by Zuo Xiong that year was the Eastern Han Dynasty's biggest targeted improvement to the shortcomings of the examination system, and it also seriously proposed the possibility of using the examination system to test talents.
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However, as long as the overall environment has not changed, no matter how strong the patch is, it will not be able to save the overall situation.
Liu Bei had gone through a complete inspection and promotion cycle, and had gone through the government re-examination. He was very familiar with the twists and turns and rules of the game, and deeply understood the tricks here. Therefore, he was extremely disappointed with this system and had no intention of continuing to maintain it.
But the concept of public re-examination introduced by Zuo Xiong inspired him.
Instead of creating another system, why not use this strongest patch for Fuzheng?
It's all about selecting talents. Zuo Xiong obviously realized the difference between letting people choose and letting the test results decide, so he proposed the government re-examination system.
Since the examination system of the public re-examination has left its own mark in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it is better to strengthen the public re-examination system in an epic manner, update and iterate with a new style of play, and make the examination completely become the standard for selecting talents.
Don't look at your background, your family background, your age, or your appearance. One paper, dozens of questions, take the test, take the test, and you will see the truth based on your ability.
If you can pass the exam, let's talk about other things. If you can't pass the exam, don't give me bad words.
Eliminate all other external factors and give them all to me for the exam.
Doing so would actually be of great benefit to the court.
The corrupted examination and promotion system not only failed to ensure the moral standards of the filial and honest people, but also failed to ensure their IQ levels, causing the court to face two major problems at the same time. It had to face not only scumbags, but also academic scumbags.
If a scumbag and a scumbag accidentally get together, the court will be happy.
The imperial examination system solved the latter difficulty, reducing the problem faced by the court to one, and the difficulty of talent selection instantly dropped by 50%. This became a major innovation in talent selection, and reduced a large number of talent selection tasks for the court.
costs and ongoing management operating costs.
A person's moral level is at least a little subjective. It is debatable from everyone's perspective. It is difficult to have a unified standard, but IQ is a relatively objective factor.
One exam is not enough. Taking several more exams can always select the smartest people.
At least, there's no risk of letting dementia take over as an official.
As for morality, it must be restricted by law. This is not something that should be considered too much in talent selection. If this also needs to be considered in the talent selection process, the talent selection process will be too cumbersome, and the law will
It has lost its proper deterrent effect.
Considering the cost of governing the court, using examinations to select talents is the most economical way. Both the talent selection process and the energy cost required for subsequent "after-sales service" are very significant optimizations compared to the examination and examination.
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Therefore, when Liu Bei held this internal examination of the Ministry of Civil Service, he was actually preparing for the reform of the selection system, accumulating experience, exploring models, fixing bugs, and preparing to pave the way for the next comprehensive reform.
The examination content, examination methods, scoring methods, scoring standards, and the final selection criteria all need to be discussed and practiced.
All of this was answered in this internal examination of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, from which Liu Bei learned a lot of experience, fixed a lot of bugs, and found a lot of room for improving this policy.
For example, there are a large number of students in the country, and the court cannot use so many people, so it has to take exams in sections.
Because the identity of the candidates was mainly limited to the state schools and Taixue, before the imperial examination began, the first examination was held within the state schools, called the "state examination".
The state examination was supervised, organized and scored by a dedicated person assigned by the Imperial Academy. The test papers and scoring sessions were presided over by the academic department commissioner. Only students who passed the examination could go to Luoyang to take the second examination.
This will not only select outstanding students, but also allow some students who have little hope to spend a little less money, and do not have to spend so much time to go to Luoyang to have fun.
In principle, the second exam is also a selection exam, called the "selective exam." It brings together outstanding students from each state for another face-to-face competition, a formal exam, and selects the best batch of people to participate in the third exam.
The third examination will be conducted by Emperor Liu Bei himself and will be invigilated. It is called "Jun Kao", which is an examination conducted in front of the king.
This special examination not only tests the academic level of the students, but more importantly, it also tests the psychological quality.
Complete the exam in front of the supreme ruler of the empire, the King of Kings, complete the exam under his watch, and maybe even when you answer, he will stand next to you, staring at your paper, and may even do something unexpected.
Extraordinary behavior...
In this case, if the psychological quality is not up to par, it is very likely that the performance will be abnormal.
Acting abnormally in front of the emperor...
Well, the result must be very sour.
After these three examinations, the emperor himself and experts from the academic department will judge the candidates and their rankings together, and then select the top three candidates and the other candidates. In principle, there is no limit to the number of candidates. According to the actual situation of the court,
Flexibility is needed.
Finally, the emperor himself will take time to conduct the last "interview" with all the candidates, to see with his own eyes the talents he has selected, and to let these talents see the emperor's face, meet the emperor himself, and interact with the emperor himself.
chat.
Although the interview does not eliminate the candidates in principle, if the interview performance is very poor, it will also affect the person's future career.
After the formal selection is completed, the "Imperial List" can be posted in the most popular place in Luoyang City to make the final candidates of the imperial examination public to the world.
In addition to the rules of this section examination, Liu Bei also worked hard on the design and improvement of this system.
For example, the proportion of test questions, the criteria for determining scores, the importance of ranking the components of scores, and asking some crucial questions during the interview, etc. Liu Bei, who was deeply involved in the talent selection process, discovered many things.
There were few problems and many improvements were made to the original plan.
He even thought about providing travel and accommodation subsidies for students in places far away from Luoyang, and also proposed to build low-cost apartments for candidates in Luoyang and rent them to candidates at low prices to alleviate their financial problems.
pressure, thinking about these very detailed issues.
Then for some things after the assessment, such as the ranking, the first place is named the number one, the second place is the second place, and the third place is the top pick. It sounds good, but I don’t know why Liu Bei designed these names.
Such a standard.
However, these are all trivial issues and are innocuous. What you want to do mainly depends on the personal thoughts of Liu Bei, the emperor.
Chen Qun is more concerned about the system design and standards of the exam itself, as well as the final system design of the emperor's invigilation and interview.
This obviously highlights the importance the emperor attaches to talent selection, but personally supervising the exams and conducting interviews in person is indeed a bit too important.
Chen Qun didn't know what Liu Bei meant by this design, or if he had any deeper thoughts, but in any case, this system could at least ensure that the emperor himself knew who he was selecting, and it would also allow these newcomers to get to know each other.
The emperor strengthened the ties between them.
Maybe, it also has a subtle effect?
Chen Qun didn't think about it in detail.
Because the most important thing is obviously not these superficial things. The most important thing is that under this imperial examination system, the law stipulates that everyone, as long as they are Han people and can enter Zhouxue and Taixue, they must take the imperial examination.
Exam qualifications.
Chen Qun knew that the state schools established by Liu Bei in various states, including Taixue, were quite relaxed in terms of qualification examination for students.
Basically, except for those who can really go to school, even if you are a child from a farm family and your family doesn't have much money, if you are willing to go to school, we can also offer it to you. Not only does it cost you no money, but we also provide you with money to subsidize you and invite you to go to school.
Liangzhou Prefectural School has been running for seven or eight years, and a large number of children from farm families have been able to attend school for free because of the rules set by Liu Bei. The families hardly have to bear any expenses, as long as they are willing to let a child who can be used as a labor force enter the prefecture to study and serve the country.
Just service.
Because of this system that was established very early, the proportion of Liangzhou people in the entire bureaucracy of the Third Reich has begun to rise slowly.
This is the first-mover advantage.
In a certain period of time in the future, Liangzhou people will definitely occupy a considerable number in the middle and upper classes of the empire, ushering in a glorious era of Liangzhou people. Then as the state schools across the country keep up, this era will slowly slow down.
of the past.
What's more important is that Liu Bei's model of admission, study, and examinations integrates all the ways to become an official into one system. In this system, there are no birth, family background, and many other things that were very particular in the past.
Things, only look at one criterion - learning ability.
Using this standard, all important external factors such as origin and family background were forcibly smoothed out, allowing the children of noble families, powerful children and the poorest, weakest and most incompetent peasant children to compete on the same stage. There was still only one competitive event - examination.
Who is this most beneficial to?
Of course he is a boy from a farm family.
Those children from farm families who had no chance of studying or becoming officials before were the largest group and the group that benefited the most. Through this system, they were able to cross the gap called family background and directly reach the destination that they could not reach in the past.
Arriving at the court.
Relations between the imperial court and them were established.
Previously, it was the gentry who established contact with the imperial court.
No matter how bad it is, only a well-known local powerful can establish contact with the imperial court and share some political power. The common people engaged in farming have absolutely nothing to do with this.
However, once the imperial examination system was implemented, at least in theory, it was possible for ordinary people to ascend to heaven.
As long as he passes the imperial examination, he can become a member of the ruling class, which will fundamentally change him from the past. His identity will be aligned with the people he once needed to look up to, and he will no longer be a person who needs to look up to others——
At least in terms of identity, yes.
This policy directly expanded the target of official selection from scholars to all citizens, forcibly smoothing the gap between scholars and other social classes. As long as you are a subject of the Han Empire and registered, as long as you enroll in school
, as long as you study hard, there is the possibility of gaining fame.
Effort, a word that has never been taken seriously by scholars, a word that has been ignored, ridiculed, resisted, and disapproved of, will play an unexpected and critical role in the new system.
In the past, it was about fate, but now it's different, it's about hard work.
Therefore, if this system is truly put into operation, it may really have an extremely far-reaching impact on this country.
If it is really promoted, can the official group now launch questions, doubts and objections to this system?
Do you have this ability?
There should be none.
After the Tutian Law Rebellion, there were no large-scale resisters, nor were there political opponents.
Through this war, Liu Bei's imperial power expanded unprecedentedly and spread to every corner of the country. The strength of his 300,000 elite troops was the strength of his power.
Unable to defeat the 300,000 elite Han troops, any opponent of his policies could not resist his demands blatantly.
Yes, he is a gentle and reasonable person.
But this premise is based on the fact that if he doesn't want to, no one can force him.
This gentle and reasonable phenomenon is not friendly at all to some people.