Since the land reform movement was about to begin in the western part of Ci County, Licheng, and the southeastern part of Cixian County, at the end of August, the regional government and independent detachments sent working teams to local villages to conduct on-the-spot investigations.
The survey included the population of each village, as well as the land ownership situation in the guerrilla areas and occupied areas.
The survey area includes Wuyi, Wu'an, the entire Shexian County, the western part of Cixian County, Licheng, and the southeastern part of Lucheng.
The regional government dispatched seven working groups, and the independent detachment consisted of six working groups composed of comrades from the Political Department and the Staff Office.
Each working group first started investigating from inside the base area, and then began to radiate to the guerrilla areas and occupied areas.
The investigation in the base area progressed very smoothly. The investigation in Wuyi and Wu'an counties was completed in less than four days, and then the working group of the independent detachment descended to the western part of Ci County to conduct a secret visit.
On September 11, Wang Ying made a special trip to Yamawang Mountain to discuss this matter.
Zhou Weihan looked at Wang Ying's bitter and resentful look. He was tanned from the neck up, and his lips were a little bit off. He couldn't help but laugh: "What's the matter? Director Wang is worried about something? Drink a glass of water first!"
"Isn't this an annoying thing? I can't eat or sleep well these days. Land is the lifeblood of farmers. Throughout the dynasties, in the early days of the dynasty, the government was clear and the land was less saturated. At the end of the dynasty, the government was corrupt.
When land is annexed, ordinary people often don’t even have a piece of land in their hands!”
"This time we have land reform, it is certainly a good thing that the people can be allocated fields, but whose fields should be allocated, how they should be allocated, and according to what standards. If this scale is not grasped well, it will arouse public resentment!" Wang Ying said.
He rubbed his face.
This specific issue of land reform really puzzled Zhou Weihan. When he was in Wuyi and Wu'an, because it was the initial period of the base area, there were no specific regulations, and the troops were sent to the army, which was simple and crude.
However, for those local tyrants and evil gentry who committed crimes and oppressed the common people, or those who defected to the Japanese army and became traitors, their property in the countryside would be distributed to the local people.
Of course, some enlightened landowners, including Zhou Weihan, also tried their best to do nothing wrong. In response, they also took the initiative to allocate part of their fields to their tenants.
Now that the Tainan base area has been stabilized, and it has reached the stage of further development, if it continues as before, it will inevitably cause class antagonism.
"Okay, don't say so much. This is the investigation details of the working group sent by the army. Let's combine the investigation contents first!" Zhou Weihan took out a notebook and handed it to Wang Ying.
Wuyi has 259 villages in the occupied area, 683 administrative villages in the base area, 93,496 households, 326,754 people, and 1,089,542.5 acres of land.
Wu'an has 302 villages in the occupied area, 616 administrative villages in the base area, 91,731 households, 312,618 people, and 1,087,016.5 acres of land.
Shexian County has 216 villages in occupied areas, 320 administrative villages in base areas, 50,407 households, 181,523 people, and acres of land.
Cixi has 342 villages in occupied areas, 152 villages in guerrilla areas, and 112 administrative villages in base areas. The number of households is 45,211, the population is 132,684, and the land is 673,168 acres.
....
There are a total of 136 people from Cixi, Lidongnan, Ludongnan, local tyrants and evil gentry, traitors, puppet soldiers, etc. who have a large amount of land, with a land area of 120,000 acres.
"Old Wang, when we carry out land reform, we must distinguish between ourselves and the enemy. Now is the time to fight against the little devils. National contradictions have become the main contradiction, but domestic class contradictions still exist, and they are more obvious in rural areas. Landlords occupy a large amount of land, and ordinary people can only
He rents farmland from his hands."
"Comrade Teacher once said that in the War of Resistance Against Japan, everything must be subordinated to the interests of the War of Resistance Against Japan. This is a definite principle. Therefore, the interests of the class struggle must be subordinated to the interests of the War of Resistance Against Japan and cannot violate the interests of the War of Resistance Against Japan."
"You don't know this, right?" Zhou Weihan joked.
"Double reduction and double friendship, if I don't even know this policy, then I'd better not be the director!" Wang Ying said angrily.
During the Anti-Japanese War, in order to ensure the anti-Japanese national united front, better mobilize the people, unite all levels of society, and call on more people to join the struggle against the invaders, at the same time, all demands for class struggle should be based on national struggle.
The starting point was the need to resist Japan.
The land policy of "double reduction and double payment" came into being, that is, reducing rent and interest while encouraging farmers to pay rent and interest, which can meet the reasonable requirements of both farmers and landlords, that is, to a certain extent, meet farmers' requirements for land and make them
To increase the enthusiasm for resistance to Japan and production, on the other hand, to a certain extent, adopt a positive and principled concession policy to protect the basic life of the landlord class and strive for their joint resistance to Japan. This land policy embodies the national struggle and struggle during the Anti-Japanese War.
The consistency of class struggle.
Therefore, compared with the land policy since the ten-year confrontation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, it was incomplete, but it weakened feudal exploitation, reduced the burden on farmers, solved farmers' living problems, mobilized farmers' anti-Japanese enthusiasm and production enthusiasm, and at the same time also
Taking into account the interests of the landlord class, uniting the landlord class, and consolidating the united front, it was the most realistic and progressive land policy during the Anti-Japanese War, and played an important role in the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.
"Those 136 people can be eliminated across the board, no problem, but the current situation is that in areas that need land reform, there are still a large number of landlords and rich peasants. Take southeastern Lebanon as an example. Although there are about 16 landlords in the guerrilla zone,
They have always been loyal to our Eighth Route Army and secretly donate money and materials. Of course, they also cooperate with the reduction of rent and interest rates!"
"However, there are still a large number of die-hards in these three areas who do not cooperate with the implementation of the policy. Some comrades in the district government are from landlord families. In order to set an example, one comrade went home to persuade his father to reduce rent and interest. For this reason, he followed
There’s a falling out at home!”
This chapter is not over yet, please click on the next page to continue reading! "There are still some comrades who have been corrupted by the sugar-coated cannons of the diehards and do their work perfunctorily!"
Seeing Wang Ying's furious look, Zhou Weihan couldn't help but sigh that even good people can get angry sometimes.
In fact, Wang Ying had a plan in mind, but he could not make up his mind. At this time, Zhou Weihan needed a push.
"Now it is divided into three areas: base area, guerrilla area, and occupied area. The main focus of work should be on the guerrilla area. First, we should operate on these 136 people to scare some die-hard elements among the landowners who do not want to cooperate. How can they do it without seeing any blood?
Cut your own flesh!"
"Of course, after the rent and interest reductions were implemented, there were special departments to verify whether the people had paid rent and interest on time. The enlightened gentleman landlords have cooperated with our work, and we must also protect their existing interest!
"
As Zhou Weihan spoke, he took out another pamphlet with "Proposal and Interim Regulations on Rent and Interest Reduction in Tainan" written on the cover.
"Good guy, did you do this?" Wang Ying asked in surprise.
"I don't have that ability. This is a plan compiled by our political commissar Zhao based on the experience of each base area. You have to thank Lao Zhao very much!" Zhou Weihan said.
Zhao Gang wrote at the beginning: The land policy should implement partial rent and interest reductions to win over the basic peasant masses, but not too much. Don’t make farmers unable to borrow debts due to interest rate cuts, and don’t confiscate landowners’ land to liquidate old debts.
At the same time, it should be stipulated that farmers have the obligation to pay rent and interest, to ensure that landlords have land ownership, and that the management of rich peasants remains unchanged in principle.
It is necessary to explain to comrades and farmers that the current period is not the period for the implementation of the agrarian revolution. In some places, there has been a "left" bias in the implementation of the policy of reducing rents and interest rates. Some farmers did not pay rent and interest after reducing rents and interest rates.
Confiscate the landlord's land and violate the landlord's financial rights and human rights.
Article 1 stipulates that rents will be reduced by 25% in good years, 40% in normal years, and 55% in bad years. It also stipulates that landlords are not allowed to take back land or transfer it to tenants for any reason.
Article 2: All rent arrears before 1935 will be invalidated. Any annual ground rent that is half of the original rent will not be regarded as arrears of rent. If it is less than half, the full half shall be paid if conditions permit.
Article 3: Regardless of any land lease or any form of tenancy, the rent amount will be reduced by 25% as before the Anti-Japanese War. In areas near guerrilla zones and occupied areas, the rent can be reduced by less than 25%, only 20%, 15% or 10%.
.
Article 4: Only for the loan relationship established before the Anti-Japanese War, one and a half cents will be used as the interest calculation standard. If the interest payment exceeds one time, the principal and interest will be suspended. If the interest payment exceeds twice the original amount, the principal and interest will be suspended. The interest amount of the loan after the Anti-Japanese War
, should be left to the people to handle it according to local socio-economic relations.
.......
"Good thing. I also know these standards, but they are too general and confusing. This time we finally have clear standards. I will go back and discuss them with my comrades!" Wang Ying said excitedly.