Chapter 351: Reasonable Burden Policy, Ministry of Economic Work
"Agricultural taxation is the most basic source of finance for the anti-Japanese base area. Agricultural tax accounts for 90% of the total fiscal revenue of the base area. However, according to the situation in the Tainan base area, with the increase of other taxes, agricultural tax must account for more than 80% of the total fiscal revenue!"
"Before 1940, Taihang District implemented Jin Province's "Measures for Reasonable Burdens in Rural Areas during Wartime." The key points are: the government stipulates property and wealth standards, and villages are divided into 12 levels, and households are divided into 19 levels. The total number of burdens is stipulated according to the level.
Determine the burden share of each household, and then submit it to the villagers for public discussion: if you have money, you will pay more, and if you have less money, you will pay less. This method is much more reasonable than the previous apportionment by household." Lin Zhen said.
According to statistics from Changzhi County: in 1937, the county's average per capita burden was 3.34 yuan in legal currency, and in 1938, the annual per capita burden was approximately 0.857 yuan.
Zhou Weihan is really a layman when it comes to economics. He used to focus on fighting and his level was not high enough, so he rarely participated in economic-related work.
Wang Ying does understand a little bit, but he can only say that he understands a little bit, not to mention the other people present.
However, what Lin Zhen said was in plain language and the content was very simple. A few people present could probably understand it.
Anyway, Zhou Weihan saw Zhao Gang nodding his head, and he didn't know whether he really understood or not.
"Reasonable burden has already started in other base areas. I have been paying attention to it. Reasonable burden has abolished the old apportionment system and other collection methods that are not conducive to ordinary farmers. This is a major improvement in taxation work, but there is no unified rules and regulations for reasonable burden.
, each base area implements its own, and if our Tainan base area wants to implement it, we must be cautious and learn lessons and experiences from other places!" Wang Ying said.
"Comrade Lin Zhen, I heard what you just said. Grading and grading is a big job, and some people may not disclose their property so easily. It is still very easy for some wealthy families to hide their property, and they may very well disclose it.
Transfer some bad land to the people!" Although Zhou Weihan didn't know much about the policy, it didn't stop him from thinking about the issue from the perspective of a "taxpayer."
According to Zhou Weihan, two situations often occur: First, in areas where the Eighth Route Army has a poor foundation, the reasonable burden is considered to be distributed evenly based on the number of acres of land.
Implement the equitable burden based on the amount of land occupied, thereby changing the land ownership situation.
In order to reduce their burdens, narrow their goals, and avoid struggle, landlords and rich peasants took the initiative to sell off part of their subfields, and the land of poor peasants increased.
With the deepening of the fair burden method and the policy of reducing rents and interest rates, land transfers continued, and the burdens of landlords and rich peasants were gradually passed on to poor farmers.
Since most wealthy households had savings while poor peasant households had no surplus, poor peasants gradually found themselves in a very unfair situation regarding the burden of the war against Japan.
Some landlords and rich peasants took the opportunity to deceive, conceal, and evade the burden policy, and the economic situation of some families actually increased.
“A fair burden is not fair!”
In areas where mass mobilization is more thorough, middle peasants and poor peasants often "crowd" their burdens on landlords, rich peasants and wealthy middle peasants, forming "rich households' donations".
Lin Zhen nodded after hearing this, and then said: "Yes, I did have a painful lesson on this point, but it was later corrected. Taking Zanhuang County where I once worked as an example, it was later determined that "acres of land are divided, and floating wealth is used.
In other words, the total value of each household’s land, money, and grain storage is used as the standard to determine the public grain that should be borne. In this way, a new reasonable burden method has been formed.”
"And some large households do hide their property. Regarding the determination of money and grain reserves, we can implement the policy of "compare, estimate, fight, and squeeze" through mass movements."
"Bi: be richer than the family; estimate: estimate the amount of floating wealth and food; fight: for those who do not admit it, present the facts, reason, and launch a reasoning struggle; squeeze: for those who firmly refuse to admit it, hold a mass meeting and evaluate each item.
Use a critical attitude to force them to admit their mistakes."
After Zhou Weihan heard this, he looked at Wang Ying and motioned for him to express his opinion.
In Zhou Weihan's heart, he is quite satisfied with the current situation in the Tainan base area. According to the situation after the land reform, the land ownership conflicts in the base area have been greatly alleviated.
The regional government alone can supply 30,000 main force soldiers by raising food in each county, so Zhou Weihan doesn't really want to change the current financial policy of the base area.
First, the reasonable burden policy sounds good, but in fact, when implemented, it is secretly too maneuverable and relatively imperfect.
Second, once the policy changes, it is very likely that the supply in the base area will be changed, and it will even be worse than before the change, so the gain is not worth the loss.
"Wang Ying said, I think we can try it. Blindly raising food has dampened the enthusiasm of the people to resist Japan, but we still need to have a unified plan. I think we can set up a separate economic work department and demarcate a separate area in the base area. First,
If we implement the policy of reasonable burdens, we can also train more cadres, so that they can carry out their work better in the future!" Wang Ying said rather conservatively.
When Hu Jingyun heard this, he opened his mouth to say something, but was stopped by Lin Zhen on the side.
"Chief, I think it's feasible. The main reason is that we don't know the real situation in Tainan. Let's designate a separate area first. Just like what Director Wang said, we can put it into practice first!" Lin Zhen said.
"Then it's in Shexian County?" Wang Ying said and looked at Zhou Weihan.
"Just Shexian County!"
This newly established Economic Work Department, according to the results of previous discussions between Zhou Weihan and others, should be under the jurisdiction of the regional government, including the Tainan Branch that will be established in the future.
After the three people left, Wang Ying said: "The reasonable burden policy seems reasonable, but in fact there are too many twists and turns. I participated in a meeting of the Northern Bureau some time ago, and the superiors are working on formulating a new tax policy, and requested
Unified planning for all regions!”
"So it won't take long for the reasonable burden policy to be implemented?" Zhao Gang asked.
"That's what happened, but our Tainan base area lacks experience and cadres in this area. Other base areas have trained a large number of cadres through previous methods and policies. I think they are in Shexian, Lidongnan, Ludongnan, and Cixi
and other regions to implement reasonable burden policies step by step!”
"Regardless of whether it is good or bad, it is at least better than blindly raising money for food baskets on the spot. No matter how hard it is, you can still gain some experience. When the new policy comes down, it will be easier to get started!"
"What do you think?" Wang Ying asked.
Zhou Weihan smiled, this guy Wang Ying is really a good strategist.
Wuyi and Wu'an have intertwined interests due to the goods business.
From the very beginning, he targeted the big households in Wuyi and Wu'an, but it was difficult to attack. So Wang Ying targeted Shexian, Lidongnan, Ludongnan, Cixi and other places.
These places have either just undergone land reform or are the headquarters of the regional government, so the difficulty is much less.
